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Discussion of the Composition of Jaboticaba in Different Processes

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 101-112页

作者： Ching-Hu Tsai Yi-Chun Lin Chih-Ta Liu Yo-Ju Chen department of Long-Term Care Kang Ning University Taipei department of respiratory Therapy En Chu Kong Hospital New Taipei City department of Thoracic Surgery Division En Chu Kong Hospital New Taipei City

This study discusses the composition analysis and comparison of Jaboticaba under different processing conditions for fermented liquid, jam, fruit powder, and fruit vinegar. The differences and comparison of the contents of total polyphenols, anthocyanins, resveratrol, superoxide dismutase, small molecular peptides and ellagic acid in their products were analyzed. After analysis and comparison of results, the content of total polyphenols was found to be the highest 44.82 ± 0.89 (mg/g) after being fermented directly from fresh fruit. The fresh fruit was dried at low temperature and ground into powder, with a maximum ellagic acid content of 12.799 ± 0.12 (mg/g). Fresh fruit was then made into jam, with the highest anthocyanin content of 57.39 ± 1.20 (mg/g). The fruit vinegar was produced by fermentation. Except for the content of small molecule peptides, which was similar to the content of fermentation broth and fruit powder, they were 20.63 ± 1.61, 23.84 ± 2.51 and 20.52 ± 1.21 (mg/g), and the rest of the composition was not as good as other samples. In the fresh fruit fermentation broth samples, resveratrol was produced and detected, and its content was 2.14 (mg/L), while it was not detected in other samples, and a superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like enzyme was detected in the fresh fruit fermentation broth. The highest activity was 49002.5 units/mL. Jaboticaba is prepared using a fermentation broth processing method with fresh fruit, and its total polyphenol content is higher than that of fruit powder, jam, and fruit vinegar. The commercial value of Jaboticaba and the establishment of composition content data are relatively improved, which is more promising for the future.

关键词： Jaboticaba Total Polyphenols Anthocyanins Resveratrol Small Molecule Peptides

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Targeting epigenetic and posttranslational modifications regulating ferroptosis for the treatment of diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 105-149页

作者： Yumin Wang Jing Hu Shuang Wu Joshua S.Fleishman Yulin Li Yinshi Xu Wailong Zou Jinhua Wang Yukuan Feng Jichao Chen Hongquan Wang department of respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Aerospace Center HospitalPeking University Aerospace School of Clinical MedicineBeijing 100049PR China department of Pathogen Biology School of Basic Medical SciencesTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300060PR China department of Neurology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430000PR China department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensNY 11439USA department of Outpatient Aerospace Center HospitalPeking University Aerospace School of Clinical MedicineBeijing 100049PR China Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050PR China department of Pancreatic Cancer Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin 300060PR China

Ferroptosis,a unique modality of cell death with mechanistic and morphological differences from other cell death modes,plays a pivotal role in regulating tumorigenesis and offers a new opportunity for modulating anticancer drug resistance.Aberrant epigenetic modifications and posttranslational modifications(PTMs)promote anticancer drug resistance,cancer progression,and metastasis.Accumulating studies indicate that epigenetic modifications can transcriptionally and translationally determine cancer cell vulnerability to ferroptosis and that ferroptosis functions as a driver in nervous system diseases(NSDs),cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),liver diseases,lung diseases,and kidney diseases.In this review,we first summarize the core molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis.Then,the roles of epigenetic processes,including histone PTMs,DNA methylation,and noncoding RNA regulation and PTMs,such as phosphorylation,ubiquitination,SUMOylation,acetylation,methylation,and ADP-ribosylation,are concisely discussed.The roles of epigenetic modifications and PTMs in ferroptosis regulation in the genesis of diseases,including cancers,NSD,CVDs,liver diseases,lung diseases,and kidney diseases,as well as the application of epigenetic and PTM modulators in the therapy of these diseases,are then discussed in detail.Elucidating the mechanisms of ferroptosis regulation mediated by epigenetic modifications and PTMs in cancer and other diseases will facilitate the development of promising combination therapeutic regimens containing epigenetic or PTM-targeting agents and ferroptosis inducers that can be used to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance in cancer and could be used to prevent other diseases.In addition,these mechanisms highlight potential therapeutic approaches to overcome chemoresistance in cancer or halt the genesis of other diseases.

关键词： diseases epigenetic overcome

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Is there a correlation between the changes in airway inflammation and the changes in respiratory mechanics after vaping in patients with asthma?

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 127-133页

作者： Serafeim-Chrysovalantis Kotoulas Kalliopi Domvri Alexandros Tsantos Ioanna Papagiouvanni Anastasia Michailidou Dionisios G Spyratos Konstantinos Porpodis Ioanna Grigoriou Despina Papakosta Athanasia Pataka Intensive Care Unit Hippokration General HospitalThessaloniki 54642Greece Pulmonary department-Oncology Unit Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57010Greece 2nd department of Internal Medicine General Hospital of Thessaloniki‘’Ippokration’’Thessaloniki 54642Greece Fourth department of Internal Medicine Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642ThessalonikiGreece 2nd Propaedeutic department of Internal Medicine General Hospital of Thessaloniki“Ippokration”Thessaloniki 54642Greece department of Pulmonary Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57001Greece respiratory Failure Clinic Papanikolaou General HospitalThessloniki 57001Greece department of respiratory Medicine Aristotle Univ ThessalonikiSch MedG Papanikolaou HospResp Failure UnitAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57001Greece

BACKGROUND Electronic cigarettes(ECs)have been promoted as alternatives to traditional cigarettes.To investigate ECs’effects on respiratory system,especially in patients with respiratory diseases.METHODS We randomly selected 25 smokers with stable moderate asthma and matched them with 25 healthy smokers.All were subjucted to pulmonary function tests(PFTs),impulse oscillometry(IOS),fraction exhaled Nitric Oxide(FeNO),exhaled breathe condensate(EBC)and biomarker measurements before and after vaping one nicotinecontaining EC.RESULTS The increase in FeNO 30 minutes after EC,reflecting airway inflammation,significantly correlated with increase of residual volume(RV),total lung capacity,respiratory impedance at 5 Hz(Z5Hz)and respiratory resistance at 5 and 20 Hz(R5Hz and R20Hz).No significant correlations were found between EBC biomarkers'changes and respiratory mechanics.CONCLUSION This is the first study demonstrating that the changes in airway inflammation caused by EC have direct effects in respiratory mechanics of asthmatic patients.

关键词： Asthma Electronic cigarette Airway inflammation Lung function Impulse oscillometry FeNO

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Bispecific antibody drug conjugates:Making 1+1>2

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 1965-1986页

作者： Yilin Gu Zhijia Wang Yuxi Wang Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory Institute of Respiratory HealthFrontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular NetworkNational Clinical Research Center for GeriatricsWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Frontiers Medical Center Tianfu Jincheng LaboratoryChengdu 610212China

Bispecific antibody‒drug conjugates(BsADCs)represent an innovative therapeutic category amalgamating the merits of antibody‒drug conjugates(ADCs)and bispecific antibodies(BsAbs).Positioned as the next-generation ADC approach,BsADCs hold promise for ameliorating extant clinical challenges associated with ADCs,particularly pertaining to issues such as poor internalization,off-target toxicity,and drug resistance.Presently,ten BsADCs are undergoing clinical trials,and initial findings underscore the imperative for ongoing refinement.This review initially delves into specific design considerations for BsADCs,encompassing target selection,antibody formats,and the linker–payload complex.Subsequent sections delineate the extant progress and challenges encountered by BsADCs,illustrated through pertinent case studies.The amalgamation of BsAbs with ADCs offers a prospective solution to prevailing clinical limitations of ADCs.Nevertheless,the symbiotic interplay among BsAb,linker,and payload necessitates further optimizations and coordination beyond a simplistic“1+1”to effectively surmount the extant challenges facing the BsADC domain.

关键词： Bispecific antibody drug conjugates Antibody drug conjugates Bispecific antibody Targeted therapy Safety HER2 EGFR

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Suspended particulate matter promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells via TGF-β1-mediated ROS/IL-8/SMAD3 axis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 139-150页

作者： Shahrzad Molavinia Dian Dayer Mohammad Javad Khodayar Gholamreza Goudarzi Maryam Salehcheh Cellular and Molecular Research Center Medical Basic Sciences Research InstituteAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran department of Toxicology School of PharmacyAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Toxicology Research Center Medical Basic Sciences Research InstituteAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Air Pollution and respiratory Diseases Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Iranian Scientific Association of Clean Air TehranIran

Epidemiological evidence presents that dust storms are related to respiratory diseases,such as pulmonary fibrosis(PF).However,the precise underlying mechanisms of SPM-elicited adverse effects still need to be investigated.Epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)process is a characteristic of PF.We discussed whether suspended particulate matter(SPM)is involved in EMT induction via transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).In this study,a detailed elemental analysis(55 elements),particle size,and morphology were determined.To investigate the toxicity of SPM,an MTT test was performed to detect cell viability.Next,A549cells were exposed to selected concentrations of SPM(20 and 40μg/mL)for single and repeated exposures.The DCFH-DA assay showed that exposure to SPM could produce reactive oxygen species(ROS).The ELISA assay demonstrated increased levels of interleukin-8(IL-8)and TGF-β1 in the supernatant.Western blot was used to detect the expression of proteins associated with EMT and the SMAD3-dependent pathway.Results of western blot demonstrated that E-cadherin was reduced,whereas p-SMAD3,vimentin,andα-smooth muscle actin were elevated.Our findings indicated that SPM triggered EMT by induction of oxidative stress,inflammation,and the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway activation.

关键词： Particulate matter TGF-β1 Oxidative stress Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Pulmonary fibrosis Cells

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respiratory Viruses and Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Surveillance Among Hospitalized Children with Acute respiratory Infections—Wuhan City,Hubei Province,China,September-November 2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第8期6卷 139-142页

作者： Ying Li Yi Yan Jiaming Huang Yue Shi Hui Du Chao Xiong Kai Chen Di Liu Xiaoxia Lu Computational Virology Group Center for Bacteria and Viruses Resources and BioinformationWuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan CityHubei ProvinceChina department of respiratory Medicine Wuhan Children’s HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan CityHubei ProvinceChina Pediatric respiratory Disease Laboratory Institute of Maternal and Child HealthWuhan Children's HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan CityHubei ProvinceChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan CityHubei ProvinceChina Data Center Wuhan Children’s HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan CityHubei ProvinceChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Acute respiratory infections(ARIs)are a significant contributor to illness and death in children.There has been a notable rise in the occurrence of ARIs and the associated pathogens in China,which has garnered worldwide attention.What is added by this report?This study conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinical characteristics of children with ARIs in Wuhan City from September to November 2023.

关键词： November Wuhan Hubei

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The Fang’s hypoglycemic formula improves insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus by regulating mitochondrial autophagy

Integrative Medicine Discovery

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Integrative Medicine Discovery 2024年第16期8卷 1-7页

作者： Jia Zhu Xu-Dong Chen Jie Zhao department of respiratory Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiaxing 314001China department of Endocrinology Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineJiaxing 314001China department of Endocrinology The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunming 650500China

Background:To investigate the pharmacological effects of Fangshi Jiangtang decoction(FSJT)on type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)model rats and explore its mechanism of action from the perspective of mitochondrial autophagy.Methods:Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups after one week of adaptive feeding:Control group,T2DM model group,metformin group(0.2 g/kg by gavage),and FSJT low,medium,and high dose groups(9.5,19,38 g/kg by gavage).Except for the Control group,the other five groups were given a high-fat diet.The treatment lasted for 8 weeks,and blood glucose levels were measured weekly.Eight weeks later,blood samples were collected from the rats,and serum was separated for the determination of HbA1c,oral glucose tolerance test,and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index.The pancreas of the rats was collected,weighed,and fixed.The same part of the pancreas was used for hematoxylin-eosin.Kits were used to detect triglycerides,total cholesterol,interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,malondialdehyde,glutathione peroxidase,and superoxide dismutase in pancreatic tissue to assess the effects of FSJT on inflammation and oxidative stress in T2DM rats.Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of VDAC1,TOM20,COXⅣ,PINK1,Parkin,beclin1,light chain 3,and selective autophagy adaptor protein P62 to evaluate the effects of FSJT on mitochondrial autophagy in T2DM model rats.Results:Compared with the T2DM model group,FSJT intervention significantly reduced blood glucose,HbA1c,oral glucose tolerance test,and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index in T2DM model rats,alleviated pancreatic tissue lesions,reduced levels of total cholesterol,triglycerides,interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and malondialdehyde,increased glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities,downregulated the expression of VDAC1,TOM20,COXⅣ,and P62 proteins,and upregulated the expression of PINK1,Parkin,Beclin1,and light chain 3 proteins.Conclu

关键词： Fangshi Jiangtang decoction type 2 diabetes mellitus mitochondrial autophagy oxidative stress

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Icariin ameliorates viral myocarditis by inhibiting TLR4-mediated ferroptosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第3期14卷 106-114,I0002-I0005页

作者： Wei Luo Yi Lu Jun-Hua Deng Peng Liu Yan Huang Wan-Xi Liu Chun-Li Huang Laboratory of the Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases Department of CardiologyAffiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxi 533000China department of Critical Care Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxi 533000China department of respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxi 533000China Postgraduate School of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities BaiseGuangxi 533000China department of Neonatology Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxi 533000China department of Nephrology People’s Hospital of PubeiQinzhouGuangxi 535300China Urban Community Health Service Center of Youjiang District BaiseGuangxi 533000China

Objective:To explore the mechanism by which icariin alleviates viral myocarditis.Methods:CVB3-induced cardiomyocytes were used as an in vitro model of viral myocarditis to assess the effects of icariin treatment on cell viability,inflammation,and apoptosis.Moreover,the effects of icariin on ferroptosis and TLR4 signaling were assessed.After AC16 cells were transfected with TLR4 overexpression plasmids,the role of TLR4 in mediating the regulatory effect of icariin in viral myocarditis was investigated.Results:Icariin significantly elevated cell viability and reduced inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,and IL-18.Flow cytometry revealed that icariin decreased apoptosis rate,and the protein expression of Bax and cleaved caspase 3 and 9 in CVB3-induced cardiomyocytes.Additionally,it suppressed ferroptosis including lipid peroxidation and ferrous ion,as well as the TLR4 signaling.However,TLR4 overexpression abrogated the modulatory effects of icariin.Conclusions:Icariin mitigates CVB3-induced myocardial injury by inhibiting TLR4-mediated ferroptosis.Further animal study is needed to verify its efficacy.

关键词： Viral myocarditis CVB3 TLR4 Ferroptosis Icariin

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Variant PRC1 subunit RYBP/YAF2 forms condensate with RING1B and promotes H2AK119ub deposition

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Yanjiang Liu Gongcheng Hu Shengxiong Yang Chenghong Yan Juehan Wang Guangjin Pan Hongjie Yao State Key Laboratory of respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Basic Research Guangzhou National Laboratory CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Dear Editor,Polycomb group (PcG) proteins represent important roles in repressing gene expression throughout development. The Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs)have been subdivided into two central protein complexes, PRC1 and PRC2.PRC1 catalyzes H2AK119ub and PRC2catalyzes H3K27me1/2/3 (Fursova et al.,2019). PRC1 is further categorized as CBX-containing canonical PRC1 (cPRC1)and RYBP/YAF2-containing variant PRC1 (vPRC1)(Blackledge and Klose,2021).

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Effectiveness and safety of Qidong Huoxue decoction(芪冬活血饮)in treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome:a randomized,controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期44卷 381-387页

作者： YU Zhengqiu YU Liuda CHEN Ye LI Mingjing CAI Wanru School of Medicine Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China the Second Clinical Medical College Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China department of respiratory Medical the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310005China

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of Qidong Huoxue decoction(芪冬活血饮,QDHX)in treating acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ALI/ARDS)when used as an adjunctive treatment.METHODS:ALI/ARDS patients admitted to our medical intensive care unit were randomly allocated to the control group or the QDHX group and received standard therapy.The QDHX group received QDHX(50 mL per day for 14 d)orally or via a gastric tube.The primary outcome was measured according to Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,with partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))levels as the secondary outcome.RESULTS:A total of 73 patients completed the study(36 in the TCM and 37 in the conventional group),and their records were analyzed.After 14-d treatment,the TCM group showed a significant decrease in TCM syndrome scores(P<0.05)and increased PaO_(2)/FiO_(2) levels(P<0.05).The therapeutic effect of integrated Chinese and western medicine was more significant than that of Western Medicine alone.No serious side effects were observed.CONCLUSIONS:Our study results show that QDHX in combination with conventional drug therapy can significantly reduce some clinical symptoms in patients with ALI/ARDS.

关键词： acute lung injury respiratory distress syndrome Qidong Huoxue decoction randomized controlled trial

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