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World Journal of Vaccines 2014年第4期4卷 164-174页

作者： Toshiaki Shimoyama Takumi Kubota Junsuke Shirai Rie Watanabe Laboratory of Epizootiology Cooperative Department of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Fuchu Japan research and education center for prevention of global infectious disease of animals Fuchu Japan Veterinary Hygiene Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan

Four capsid proteins (VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4) of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) were expressed as recombinant proteins in an Escherichia coli expression system and used as antigens for subunit vaccines against CVB3 in ICR mice. Antigens were expressed as thioredoxin-histidine (TrxHis)-tagged protein and purified before immunization. Although all VPs other than VP4 induced anti-CVB3 specific antibodies in mice (detected by ELISA and western blotting), they did not neutralize the infectious CVB3 in a virus neutralization assay. Meanwhile, 2 virus strains were purified from CVB3 virus stock on the basis of their plaque size on HeLa cells. ICR mice were infected with the 2 purified virus strains (S-strain and L-strain) and unpurified virus stock (wild type) to analyze the difference in antibody responses against infections of purified and unpurified virus strains. The reactivity of antisera against each virus strain was tested by ELISA, and the results showed that the inoculation of purified virus strain induced a strong antibody response against the inoculated strain. As a result, the antibody response against wild-type and other virus strains was suppressed. These results suggest using unpurified virus stock as an antigen is advantageous for inducing a broad antibody response in inoculated animals.

关键词： Coxsackievirus B3 Antibody Response Cross Reactivity

Murine model of acute myocarditis and cerebral cortical neuron edema induced by coxsackievirus B4

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Zoological research 2018年第1期39卷 52-57页

作者： zhao-peng dong qian wang zhen-jie zhang michael j.carr dong li wei-feng shi key laboratory of etiology and epidemiology of emerging infectious diseases in universities of shandong taishan medical universityTaian Shandong 271000China shanghai jinshan center for disease control and prevention Shanghai 201599China school of public health taishan medical universityTaian Shandong 271016China global station for zoonosis control global institution for collaborative research and education(gi-core)hokkaido universitySapporo 060-8589Japan national virus reference laboratory school of medicineuniversity college dublinDublin 4Ireland

globally, coxsackievirus B4 （CV-B4） has been continuously isolated and evidence suggests an association with the development of pancreatitis and type I diabetes. In addition, CV-B4 is also associated with myocarditis and severe central nervous system （CNS） complications, which remain poorly studied and understood. In the present study, we established an institute for Cancer research （ICR） mouse model of CV-B4 infection and examined whether CV-B4 infection resulted in a predisposition to myocarditis and CNS infection. We found high survival in both the treatment and control group, with no significant differences in clinical outcomes observed. However, pathological lesions were evident in both brain and heart tissue of the CV-B4-infected mice. in addition, high viral loads were found in the neural and cardiac tissues as early as 2 days post infection. Expressions of IFN-y and IL-6 in sera were significantly higher in CV-B4-infected mice compared to uninfected negative controls, suggesting the involvement of these cytokines in the development of histopathological lesions. Our murine model successfully reproduced the acute myocarditis and cerebral cortical neuron edema induced by CV-B4, and may be useful for the evaluation of vaccine candidates and potential antivirals against CV-B4 infection.

关键词： Coxsackievirus B4 Myocarditis CNS Edema Neurons

Decreased incidence followed by comeback of pediatric infections during the COVID‑19 pandemic in Japan

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第8期18卷 564-567页

作者： Cyrus Ghaznavi Haruka Sakamoto Takayuki Kawashima Sayaka Horiuchi Masahiro Ishikane Sarah Krull Abe Daisuke Yoneoka Akifumi Eguchi Yuta Tanoue Masahiro Hashizume Shuhei Nomura Department of Health Policy and Management School of MedicineKeio University35 ShinanomachiShinjuku-kuTokyo 160-8582Japan Medical education Program Washington University School of Medicine in St.LouisSaint LouisUSA Department of global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Tokyo Foundation for Policy research TokyoJapan Department of Hygiene and Public Health Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Mathematical and Computing Science Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyoJapan center for Birth Cohort Studies University of YamanashiYamanashiJapan disease Control and prevention center National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan Division of prevention National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer ControlTokyoJapan infectious disease Surveillance center National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan Department of Sustainable Health Science Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan Institute for Business and Finance Waseda UniversityTokyoJapan

During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the Japanese government implemented several infection control measures,such as states of emergency(SoE)and school closures,and encouraged universal masking and hand *** activity restrictions and improved hygiene were found to be associated with declines in the incidence of infuenza during the 2019–2020 winter season[1].Prior studies have found that the incidence of seven pediatric infections,such as pharyngoconjunctivitis and varicella,decreased during and after the school closures in Japan[2].As activity restrictions continue to be lifted,there is growing concern that pediatric infections may suddenly return given that the pool of susceptible children increased during the pandemic[3].In this study,we use national infectious disease sentinel data from January 2012 to October 2021 to assess changes in the reported number of pediatric infections in Japan during the COVID-19 *** hypothesize that the reporting of many infectious diseases decreased during the early stages of the pandemic but ultimately returned to normal when activity restrictions were lifted.

关键词： closure return suddenly

Risk assessment on the epidemics of human infection with a novel avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Jiangsu Province, China

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The Journal of Biomedical research 2013年第3期27卷 163-166页

作者： Wendong Liu Yefei Zhu Xian Qi Ke Xu Aihua Ge Hong Ji Jing Ai Changjun Bao Fenyang Tang Minghao Zhou Department of Acute infectious disease Control and prevention Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention

A novel avian influenza A （H7N9） virus was discovered in February 2013 in China and has resulted in more than 100 comfirmed human infections including 26 fatal cases as of May 2, 2013. The situation raises many ur- gent questions and global public health concerns. In this study, epidemiologic characteristics of infected human cases in Jiangsu province were analyzed and risk assessment was undertaken based on the information available. Briefly, it is highly unlikely that a pandemic of human infection with avian influenza A （HTN9） virus will happen in Jiangsu Province in the near future. Iia the end, some measures are recommended to prevent the situation from becoming worse.

关键词： avian influenza H7N9 risk assessment

Malaria Deaths—China,2011–2020

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China CDC weekly 2021年第17期3卷 360-365页

作者： Li Zhang Hong Tu Shuisen Zhou Zhigui Xia Jun Feng National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina School of global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina.

Introduction:The malaria deaths(MDs)caused by imported Plasmodium falciparum has become a great *** article analyzed MDs in China in 2011−2020 to provide evidence-based data for further strategies and interventions ***:Individual data via the National Notifiable disease Reporting System(NNDRS)in 2011−2020 were *** Plasmodium species,case classification,temporal and spatial distribution,and source of MDs were analyzed to explore MD *** Parasitic diseases Information Reporting Management System(PDIRMS)of MDs in 2013−2020 which explored clinical symptom and treatment was also collected and ***:A total of 165 MDs with a mortality rate of 0.5%were recorded in the NNDRS from 2011 to *** them,164(99.4%)died due to imported malaria cases,1(0.6%)died of indigenous case reported in Yunnan in *** number of MDs showed a decreasing trend from 2011(n=30)to 2020(n=6).The MDs consisted of 160(97.0%)*** cases,1(0.6%)mixed infection case,and 4(2.4%)clinical diagnosed *** MDs were mainly reported in Guangdong(n=18,10.9%),Sichuan(n=17,10.3%),Beijing(n=15,9.1%)and Henan(n=15,9.1%).The PDIRMS had reported 121 MDs from 2013−2020,and 46.3%(n=56)of MDs exhibited severe brain damage,and most of the patients(n=95,78.5%)were administrated by artemisinin combination therapy injection ***:The total MDs decreased in China,and a delay in diagnosis and treatment is the main causes of ***,two actions are needed to prevent MDs,including improving health education for key populations such as migrant workers who come to and return from endemic regions and maintaining malaria diagnosis and treatment capabilities of clinicians in medical facilities.

关键词： diagnosis Malaria return

A brief history of artemisinin:Modes of action and mechanisms of resistance

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2019年第5期17卷 331-336页

作者： LU Feng HE Xin-Long Richard Culleton CAO Jun Institute of Translational Medicine Medical College Yangzhou University Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic disease Control and prevention Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases Jiangsu Key laboratory of integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for prevention and treatment of Senile diseases Yangzhou University Jiangsu Co-Innovation center for the prevention and Control of Important Animal infectious diseases and Zoonoses College of Veterinary Medicine Yangzhou University Malaria Unit Institute of Tropical Medicine Nagasaki University center for global Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Public Health research center Jiangnan University

The cornerstone of antimalarial treatment, artemisinin, has reduced malaria associated morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, Plasmodium falciparum parasites with reduced sensitivity to artemisinin have emerged, and this threatens malaria control and elimination efforts. In this minireview, we describe the initial development of artemisinin as an antimalarial drug,its use both historically and currently, and our current understanding of its mode of action and the mechanisms by which malaria parasites achieve resistance.

关键词： Artemisinin Resistance Malaria

Public health implications of Yersinia enterocolitica investigation:an ecological modeling and molecular epidemiology study

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infectious diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 134-135页

作者： Yuan Yue Jinxin Zheng Mei Sheng Xiang Liu Qiong Hao Shunxian Zhang Shuai Xu Zhiguo Liu Xuexin Hou Huaiqi Jing Yang Liu Xuezhang Zhou Zhenjun Li Key Laboratory of the Ministry of education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China Ningxia University Yinchuan People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory for infectious disease prevention and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing People’s Republic of China Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Food Testing and research Institute Yinchuan People’s Republic of China Department of Nephrology Ruijin Hospital Institute of Nephrology Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China School of global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Centre for disease Control and prevention Yinchuan People’s Republic of China Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong People’s Republic of China

Background Yersinia enterocolitica has been sporadically recovered from animals,foods,and human clinical samples in various regions of Ningxia,***,the ecological and molecular characteristics of ***,as well as public health concerns about infection in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,remain *** study aims to analyze the ecological and molecular epidemiological characteristics of *** in order to inform the public health intervention strategies for the contains of related *** A total of 270 samples were collected for isolation[animals(n=208),food(n=49),and patients(n=13)],then suspect colonies were isolated and identified by the API20E biochemical identification system,serological tests,biotyping tests,and 16S ***,we used an ecological epidemiological approach combined with machine learning algorithms(general linear model,random forest model,and eXtreme Gradient Boosting)to explore the associations between ecological factors and the pathogenicity of ***,average nucleotide identity(ANI)estimation,single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP),and core gene multilocus sequence typing(cgMLST)were applied to characterize the molecular profile of isolates based on whole genome *** statistical test used single-factor analysis,Chi-square tests,t-tests/ANOVA-tests,Wilcoxon rank-sum tests,and Kruskal–Wallis *** A total of 270 isolates of Yersinia were identified from poultry and livestock(n=191),food(n=49),diarrhoea patients(n=13),rats(n=15),and hamsters(n=2).The detection rates of samples from different hosts were statistically different(χ^(2)=22.636,P<0.001).According to the relatedness clustering results,270 isolates were divided into 12 species,and ***(n=187)is a predominated *** isolates made up 52.4%(98/187),while non-pathogenic isolates made up 47.6%(89/187).Temperature and precipitation were strongly associated with the pathogenicity of the

关键词： Yersinia enterocolitica Ecological Machine learning Molecular epidemiology Core genome multilocus sequence typing Ningxia,China

Therapeutic implications of prion diseases

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Biosafety and Health 2021年第2期3卷 92-100页

作者： Cao Chen Xiaoping Dong State Key Laboratory for infectious disease prevention and Control NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases(Zhejiang University)National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China center for global Public Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Chinese center for disease Control and prevention- WuhanInstitute of VirologyChinese Academy of Sciences Joint Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and BiosafetyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700China

Prions are unconventional infectious agents that cause lethal transmissible neurodegenerative diseases in human and *** can be distinguished fromother knownpathogens by their lack of nucleic *** most essential process for prion propagation is conversion fromnormal cellular prion protein on the cell membrane to insoluble,limited protease digestion-resistant,pathogenic scrapie prion *** dozens of years,many pharmacological tools and interventions targeting different stages of disease progression have been developed and evaluated,and a few have been entered clinical ***,no approved prophylactic or therapeutic drugs for prion diseases are *** this review,we summarize the current concepts in prion research and discuss advances in the research and development of drugs for the prevention and treatment of prion disease.

关键词： Prion disease Normal cellular prion protein Pathogenic scrapie prion protein Immunotherapy Natural extracts

EV713C protease cleaves host anti-viral factor OAS3 and enhances virus replication

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第3期37卷 418-426页

作者： Xiaolei Zhou Li Tian Jian Wang Baisong Zheng Wenyan Zhang center for infectious diseases and Pathogen Biology Institute of Virology and AIDS ResearchKey Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of EducationThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityJilin130021China

The global spread of enteroviruses(EVs)has become more frequent,severe and ***(IFN)I has been proved to control EVs by regulating IFN-stimulated genes(ISG)expression.20-50-oligoadenylate synthetases 3(OAS3)is an important ISG in the OAS/RNase L antiviral *** relationship between OAS3 and EVs is still ***,we reveal that OAS3,superior to OAS1 and OAS2,significantly inhibited EV71 replication in ***,EV71 utilized autologous 3C protease(3C^(pro))to cleave intracellular OAS3 and enhance viral ***,a human rhinovirus 3C protease inhibitor,completely abolished the cleavage of EV713C^(pro)on *** the proteolytically deficient mutants H40G,E71A,and C147G of EV713C^(pro)also lost the ability of OAS3 ***,the Q982-G983 motif in C-terminal of OAS3 was identified as a crucial 3C^(pro)cutting *** investigation indicated that OAS3 inhibited not only EV71 but also Coxsackievirus B3(CVB3),Coxsackievirus A16(CA16),Enterovirus D68(EVD68),and Coxsackievirus A6(CA6)***,unlike other four subtypes,CA163C^(pro)could not cleave *** key amino acids variation Ile36 and Val86 in CA163C^(pro)might result in weak and delayed virus replication of CA16 because of failure of OAS and 3AB *** works elucidate the broad anti-EVs function of OAS3,and illuminate a novel mechanism by which EV71 use 3C^(pro)to escape the antiviral effect of *** findings can be an important entry point for developing novel therapeutic strategies for multiple EVs infection.

关键词： Enteroviruses EV71 3C protease Cleavage Anti-viral factor OAS3

Thinking beyond Opisthorchis viverrini for risk of cholangiocarcinoma in the lower Mekong region:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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infectious diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 427-439页

作者： Jennifer A.Steele Carsten H.Richter Pierre Echaubard Parichat Saenna Virginia Stout Paiboon Sithithaworn Bruce A.Wilcox Department of infectious disease and global Health Tufts UniversityCummings School of Veterinary MedicineNorth GraftonMAUSA global Health Asia Integrative Education and Research ProgrammeFaculty of Public HealthFaculty of Public Health StudiesBangkokThailand center for Mountain Ecosystem Studies Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina Department of Biology Laurentian UniversityGreater SudburyONCanada Department of Science education Khon Kaen UniversityFaculty of EducationKhon KaenThailand Department of Parasitology Khon Kaen UniversityFaculty of MedicineKhon KaenThailand

Background:Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA)is a fatal bile duct cancer associated with infection by the liver fluke,Opisthorchis viverrini,in the lower Mekong *** public health interventions have focused on reducing exposure to ***,but incidence of CCA in the region remains *** this may indicate the inefficacy of public health interventions due to complex social and cultural factors,it may further indicate other risk factors or interactions with the parasite are important in pathogenesis of *** systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of described risk factors for CCA in addition to *** to guide future integrative *** body:We searched five international and seven Thai research databases to identify studies relevant to risk factors for CCA in the lower Mekong *** studies were assessed for risk of bias and quality in terms of study design,population,CCA diagnostic methods,and statistical *** final 18 included studies reported numerous risk factors which were grouped into behaviors,socioeconomics,diet,genetics,gender,immune response,other infections,and treatment for *** risk factors were reported by two or more studies and were assessed with random effects models during *** meta-analysis indicates that the combination of alcohol and smoking(OR=11.1,95%CI:5.63-21.92,P<0.0001)is most significantly associated with increased risk for CCA and is an even greater risk factor than *** *** analysis also suggests that family history of cancer,consumption of raw cyprinoid fish,consumption of high nitrate foods,and praziquantel treatment are associated with significantly increased *** risk factors may have complex relationships with the host,parasite,or pathogenesis of CCA,and many of these risk factors were found to interact with each other in one or more ***:Our findings suggest that a complex variety of risk factors in ad

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Risk factors Opisthorchis viverrini Mekong Southeast Asia Thailand Public health