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Pockets of Prosperity

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ChinAfrica 2024年第2期16卷 22-23页

作者： WANG JINJIE research office of the institute of south-south cooperation and development Centre for African Studies Peking University

As African countries look to enhance their manufacturing industries and speed up industrialisation,they are learning valuable insights from the development experience of industrial parks worldwide,particularly from Ch... 详细信息

关键词： China. Prosper African

Consumption and Income Poverty in Rural China: 1995-2018

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China & World Economy 2021年第4期29卷 63-88页

作者： Yanfeng Chen Qingjie Xia Xiaolin Wang National School of development Peking UniversityChina School of Economics and institute of south-south cooperation and development Peking UniversityChina institute of Six-sector Industries Fudan UniversityChina

This paper studies consumption and income poverty in rural China during the period from 1995 to 2018 using Chinese Household Income Project(CHIP)*** finds that the wellbeing of Chinese rural residents has improved significantly during this period as part of China s rapid industrialization and economic *** incidence of poverty has fallen substantially,either measured in terms of income or ***,consumption poverty is not consistent with income *** was the substantial growth of consumption or income that brought about the sharp fall in poverty,whereas the redistribution of consumption or income in particular during the period from 2002 to 2018 was unfavorable for poverty reduction.A large number of rural household workers moved away from household farming to participate in local or urban non-farming activities,resulting in a fall in poverty in the households that engaged purely in farming,and economic growth led to a sharp fall in poverty within different rural household groups.

关键词： consumption poverty economic growth income poverty rural China

Beyond the Expected-Residual Risk and Cases of Overload in the Context of Managing Alpine Natural Hazards

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第2期12卷 205-219页

作者： Sönke Hartmann Lydia Pedoth Cristina Dalla Torre Stefan Schneiderbauer Eurac research Institute for Earth Observation39100BolzanoSouth TyrolItaly Eurac research Institute for Regional Development39100BolzanoSouth TyrolItaly institute for Environment and Human Security United Nations University53113BonnGermany

Structural protection measures are designed to protect the population and infrastructure against natural hazards up to a specific predefined protection *** events with intensities that exceed the capacity of these protection structures are called“cases of overload”and are associated with“residual risks”that remain after the implementation of protection *** order to address residual risks and to reduce the damages from overload events,a combination of structural protection measures with additional,nonstructural measures is *** on data collected through a literature review,a questionnaire survey,expert interviews,and an expert workshop we highlight the status quo as well as key challenges of dealing with residual risks and cases of overload in Alpine countries in the context of geohydrological hazards and gravitational mass *** present a holistic conceptual framework that describes the relationships of residual risks,cases of overload,and protection goals in the context of both risk governance and integrated risk *** framework is valuable for decision makers aiming at an improved management of natural hazards that takes adequate account of residual risk and cases of overload in Alpine countries and mountain areas worldwide.

关键词： Alpine countries Cases of overload Integrated risk management Natural hazards Residual risk Risk governance

Building a New-Type Power System to Promote Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality in the Power Industry in China

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2022年第2期10卷 29-40页

作者： LIU Changyi TAN Xin LIU Yifang Economic & Technology research institute Global Energy Interconnection development and cooperation Organization

Power industry is the largest carbon emission sector in ***,this industry will play an important role in achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals( "dual carbon " goals)for the whole *** this purpose,it is critical to balance four relationships,*** between carbon mitigation and energy security,carbon peaking in the short term and carbon neutrality in the long term,the coordinated carbon mitigation in power industry and other industries,and technical feasibility and economic *** paper proposes the China's Energy Interconnection scenario to promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality of the society,which can be divided into three stages,*** carbon emissions before 2030,rapid emission reduction during 2030-2050,and comprehensive carbon neutrality before *** is expected that the power system will achieve zero emissions before other industries and contribute negative emissions afterwards,providing emission space for carbon neutrality in other industries across the *** into the future,China's electricity demand will continue to *** energy will become the main power source,the use of coal-fired power will be gradually reduced,and gas-fired power will undertake the function of peak-load *** progress will be made in forming an overall grid pattern with ultra-high voltage(UHV) grid as the backbone and featuring "west-to-east and north-to-south power transmission,a balanced energy mix,and transnational power interconnection." Finally,this paper discusses a new-type of power system characterized by a high proportion of electricity generated from clean energy,high ratio of electric and electronic equipment,and a high proportion of power transmission and reception,together with summer and winter high load periods,and points out the challenges faced by the new-type power system with a high proportion of renewable energy sources in terms of flexibility,safety,and economic effic

关键词： New-type power system carbon peaking carbon neutrality China’s Energy Interconnection UHV power grid

Can patients with mild non-neoplastic lesions diagnosed at baseline screening be safely exempt from surveillance: evidence from multicenter community-based cohorts

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 263-271页

作者： Siyi He Zhiyi Zhang Guohui Song Zhenhai Wang Chunyun Dai Shipeng Yan Kun Jiang Bingbing Song He Li Maomao Cao Dianqin Sun Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Shaoli Zhang Yi Teng Qianru Li Changfa Xia Wanqing Chen office of Cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Gastroenterology Gansu Wuwei Tumor Hospital Cixian Cancer institute Linzhou Cancer Hospital Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Sheyang County Department of Cancer Prevention and Control Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University Luoshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention office for Cancer Control and research Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University

Surveillance recommendations for gastric cancer（GC） in current guidelines focused on advanced precancerous lesions and were based on precise diagnosis of severity/extent of baseline lesions. We aimed to develop a less endoscopy-related equipment-dependent risk-stratification tool, and assessed whether mild-precursor-lesion patients can be safely exempt from surveillance. In the multicenter communitybased cohort, 75,051 participants receiving baseline endoscopy were enrolled during 2015–2017 and followed-up until 2021. Cumulative incidence rates（CIRs） of GC for precancerous-conditions were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-rank tests. Mixedeffects Cox regression models were used to detect potential factors for progression towards GC. A risk score was calculated as counts of selected factors. An independent cohort, including 26,586 participants was used for external validation. During a median follow-up of 6.25 years, CIRs of GC were 0.302%, 0.436%, and 4.756% for normal group, non-neoplastic（atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia） and neoplastic lesions（low-grade/high-grade dysplasia）, respectively(Ptrend<0.001). Four predictors, including male, ≥60 years, smoking, and limited vegetable consumption, were selected for risk-stratification. High-risk patients（≥3 risk factors） with non-neoplastic lesions showed higher GC risks（adjusted HR=7.73, 95%CI: 4.29–13.92）, and their four-year CIR reached the one-year CIR of neoplastic lesions. Further categorizing non-neoplastic lesions by histological grade, both patients with moderate-to-severe lesions（aHR=3.07, 95%CI: 1.67–5.64） and high-risk patients with mild lesions（aHR=7.29, 95%CI: 3.58–14.86） showed higher risks. Consistent trends were observed in validation cohort. High-risk mild-precursor-lesion patients should receive surveillance within 3–5 years after baseline screening. Our study provides evidence on supplementing current guideline recommendations.

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Enhanced 1.8 μm emission in Er^(3+)/Tm^(3+) co-doped lead silicate glasses under different excitations for near infrared laser

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Journal of Rare Earths 2016年第10期34卷 978-985页

作者：朱婷婷唐国武陈晓东孙敏钱奇杨中民 State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Optical Communication Materials South China University of Technology Guangdong Engineering Technology research and development Center of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices South China University of Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fiber Laser Materials and Applied Techniques South China University of Technology

A detailed study of the fluorescence emission properties and energy transfer mechanism in Er^（3＋）/Tm^（3＋） co-doped lead silicate glasses was reported. Enhanced near infrared 1.8 μm and visible up-conversion emissions were investigated under 808 and 980 nm excitations, respectively. The energy transfer mechanism between Er^（3＋） and Tm^（3＋） was analyzed according to the absorption spectra, the emission spectra and the level structures of Er^（3＋） and Tm^（3＋）. The energy transfer efficiency between Er^（3＋） and Tm^（3＋） reached 68.1% in the Er^（3＋）/Tm^（3＋） co-doped lead silicate glasses when pumped by 808 nm laser diode. Based on the absorption spectra, the Judd-Ofelt parameters, spontaneous emission probability, absorption and emission cross sections, gain coefficients were calculated and analyzed. It was found that the calculated emission cross section and the maximum gain coefficient around 1.8 μm were 4.9×10^（–21）cm^2 and 1.12 cm^（–1）, respectively. These results indicated that the Er^（3＋）/Tm^（3＋） co-doped lead-silicate glasses had potential application in near infrared lasers.

关键词： lead silicate glass Er^(3+)/Tm^(3+) co-doping 1.8 μm emission energy transfer rare earths

Energy Demand Prediction of the Building Sector Based on Induced Kernel Method and MESSAGEix Model

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Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 2019年第4期7卷 41-57页

作者： TAN Xin ZHAO Zijian LIU Changyi ZHANG Shining CHEN Xing HOU Fangxin YANG Fang GUO Fei Climate Change and Environment office Global Energy Interconnection development and cooperation Organization (GEIDCO) International institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA)

The building sector,including resident,commercial and public services,is one of the most energy-intensive sectors *** share of buildings’ energy consumption in the final energy dramatically increases in various *** the preliminary work of the final energy prediction,the prediction of useful energy demand of the building sector is essential in the fields of energy-related research,especially for the scenarios *** this end,this paper presents the prediction of energy demand in the building sector based on the Induced Kernel Method(IKM) for the useful ***,similar to other learning-based prediction methods,a database is constructed for the ***,the database contains not only the historical data of the useful energy demand and related indicators,but also some development templates to induce the ***,the detailed process is mathematically deduced to predict the useful energy demand components of the building sector,including electricity and ***,using various countries as examples,prediction results of the useful energy are presented in the numerical ***,by using useful energy prediction results as the input of the MESSAGEix model,the paper further predicts global final energy of the building sector.

关键词： Energy demand building sector kernel learning algorithms

Synthesis of Acrylate Microemulsion Modified by Alkoxy Silane

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2008年第2期23卷 212-217页

作者： SUN Zhijuan ZHANG Xinya HUANG Hong FU Heqing CHEN Huanqin research institute of Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China

An acrylate emulsion was modified by adding vinyltriisopropoxy silane （trade name C-1706）. By adding the multiple emulsifier which consists of an anionic emulsifier, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （SDBS） and nonionic emulsifier, octyl phenolic divinyl oxide （OP-10）, the acrylosilane microemulsion was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization. The influential factors including the kind and the adding amount of emulsifiers and the monomer variety of alkoxy silane and the added methods which influence on the properties of the microemulsion were investigated. It is found that SDBS and OP-10 as multiple emulsifiers with mass ratio of 1：1 and the adding amount of 2.5%-3.5% can act on co-effect for emulsion polymerization. The C-1706 possesses bulky isopropoxy substituent that can reduce hydrolysis reactivity during the polymerization process, so as to not only make the process smoothly but also advance the store stability of the emulsion. Moreover, the latter-addition mode of C-1706 can restrain its hydrolysis activity and polycondensation reaction during the polymerization process of the emulsion. The structure, the film cross section, the particle size and its distribution of the microemulsion were analyzed by the Fourier Transform Infrared Ray Spectrum （FTIR）, Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM） and a particle size analyzer, respectively. The results show that the particle diameter of the modified microemulsion can be controlled between 50 and 70 nm and its film hardness is 7.3. Only adding 1.5% of C-1706 into the system of emulsion polymerization can apparently improve the weathering resistance of the microemulsion, which undergo degradation with chromatism（△E） is 1.6 after 3 600 hours of QUV-aging.

关键词： alkoxy silane acrylosilane microemulsion modification properties

Effect of the thickness of InGaN interlayer on a-plane GaN epilayer

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Chinese Physics B 2015年第2期24卷 357-361页

作者：王建霞汪连山张谦孟祥岳杨少延赵桂娟李辉杰魏鸿源王占国 Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Materials Science Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of Sciences Patent Examination cooperation Center of the Patent office SIPO

In this paper,we use the a-plane InGaN interlayer to improve the property of a-plane *** on the a-InGaN interlayer,a template exhibits that a regular,porous structure,which acts as a compliant effect,can be obtained to release the strain caused by the lattice and thermal mismatch between a-GaN and *** find that the thickness of InGaN has a great influence on the growth of *** surface morphology and crystalline quality both are first improved and then deteriorated with increasing the thickness of the InGaN *** the InGaN thickness exceeds a critical point,the a-GaN epilayer peels off in the process of cooling down to room *** is an attractive way of lifting off a-GaN films from the sapphire substrate.

关键词： non-polar a-plane GaN InGaN interlayer peel-off metalorganic chemical vapor deposition