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Duality of jacalin-related lectin:Master regulator and chaperone

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Plant Communications 2024年第2期5卷 4-6页

作者： Ganesh Alagarasan Indian institute of Science Education and research Department of BiologyTirupatiAndhra Pradesh 517507India

Lectins have chaperone-like activity with carbohydrate-binding sites,which are key in cellular ***,the specific interactions between lectins and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)proteins during stress are ***,Das et al.(2023)revealed the critical role of lectins in root-cap stress response through regulating ER stress-responsive proteins,suggesting pathways for enhancing plant resilience.

关键词： critical stress Master

Physical exercise and traumatic brain injury: is it question of time?

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第3期19卷 475-476页

作者： Valentina Mastrorilli Stefano Farioli Vecchioli institute of Biochemistry and Cell biology Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyNational Research Council(IBBC/CNR)MonterotondoRomeItaly Plaisant S.R.L. RomeItaly

Is it better to be safe than sorry?This Hamletic dilemma has always stimulated medical-scientific debates in numerous fields of *** among these,the preventive-therapeutic approach to the treatment of brain trauma is one of the most striking *** brain injury(TBI)is a leading cause of brain damage among young and elderly populations with a very high hospitalization and death *** is characterized by two pathologically distinct but strictly consequential phases:a first characterized by an immediate and highly variable mechanical dysfunction of the brain tissue,which involves widespread cell death and tissue degeneration,followed by a second phase which can last from days to even years depending on the severity of the TBI and the patient’s pre-existing health *** processes,including inflammatory phenomena,oxidative stress associated with metabolic,vascular,and neuro-modulatory deficits,are very often responsible for neuro-motor and psychological deficits leading to long-term disabilities(Kaur and Sharma,2018).

关键词： injury striking modulator

Gapless Genome Assembly of ZH8015 and Preliminary Multi-Omics Analysis to Investigate ZH8015's Responses Against Brown Planthopper Infestation

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 317-327,I0042-I0045页

作者： LI Dian DUAN Wenjing LIU Qun’en WU Weixun ZHAN Xiaodeng SUN Lianping ZHANG Yingxin CHENG Shihua State Key Laboratory of Rice biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

Accurate genomic information is essential for advancing genetic breeding research in specific rice *** study presented a gapless genome assembly of the indica rice cultivar Zhonghui 8015(ZH8015)using Pac Bio HiFi,Hi-C,and ONT(Oxford Nanopore Technologies)ultra-long sequencing technologies,annotating 43037 gene ***,utilizing this genome along with transcriptomic and metabolomic techniques,we explored ZH8015's response to brown planthopper(BPH)*** transcriptomic sampling indicated significant changes in gene expression levels around 48 h after BPH *** analysis revealed particularly significant alterations in genes related to reactive oxygen species scavenging and cell wall *** results demonstrated marked increases in levels of several monosaccharides,which are components of the cell wall and dramatic changes in flavonoid *** association analysis identified differentially expressed genes associated with key metabolites,shedding light on ZH8015's response to BPH *** summary,this study constructed a reliable genome sequence resource for ZH8015,and the preliminary multi-omics results will guide future insect-resistant breeding research.

关键词： brown planthopper gapless genome genome assembly multi-omics Nilaparvata lugens rice

Carbon Catabolite Repressor UvCreA is Required for Development and Pathogenicity in Ustilaginoidea virens

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Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 203-214,I0029-I0031页

作者： XIE Shuwei SHI Huanbin WEN Hui LIU Zhiquan QIU Jiehua JIANG Nan KOU Yanjun State Key Laboratory of Rice biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China

The rice false smut disease, caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, has emerged as a significantglobal threat to rice production. The mechanism of carbon catabolite repression plays a crucial role in theefficient utilization of carbon nutrients and enzyme regulation in the presence of complex nutritionalconditions. Although significant progress has been made in understanding carbon catabolite repression infungi such as Aspergillus nidulans and Magnaporthe oryzae, its role in U. virens remains unclear. Toaddress this knowledge gap, we identified UvCreA, a pivotal component of carbon catabolite repression,in U. virens. Our investigation revealed that UvCreA localized to the nucleus. Deletion of UvCreA resultedin decreased growth and pathogenicity in U. virens. Through RNA-seq analysis, it was found that theknockout of UvCreA led to the up-regulation of 514 genes and down-regulation of 640 genes. Moreover,UvCreA was found to be involved in the transcriptional regulation of pathogenic genes and genesassociated with carbon metabolism in U. virens. In summary, our findings indicated that UvCreA isimportant in fungal development, virulence, and the utilization of carbon sources through transcriptionalregulation, thus making it a critical element of carbon catabolite repression.

关键词： Ustilaginoidea virens virulence carbon catabolite repression Oryza sativa rice false smut

Carotenoid isomerase regulates rice tillering and grain productivity by its biosynthesis pathway

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2024年第2期66卷 172-175页

作者： Chaoqing Ding Zhengji Shao Yuping Yan Guangheng Zhang Dali Zeng Li Zhu Jiang Hu Zhenyu Gao Guojun Dong Qian Qian Deyong Ren State Key Laboratory of Rice biology and Breeding ChinaNational Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

Tillers are unique inflorescence-like branches in grasses,and their number determines the panicle number,plant architecture,and yield(Shang et al.,2021).Tiller formation mainly undergoes axillary meristem(AM)initiation and tiller bud outgrowth(Wang et al.,2018;Yan et al.,2023).The rice(Oryza sativa)KNOX gene OSH1 is expressed in AMs,and an osh1 mutant produces fewer tillers(Tanaka et al.,2015).

关键词： sativa Oryza panicle

Two H3K36 methyltransferases differentially associate with transcriptional activity and enrichment of facultative heterochromatin in rice blast fungus

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aBIOTECH 2024年第1期5卷 1-16页

作者： Mengting Xu Ziyue Sun Huanbin Shi Jiangnan Yue Xiaohui Xiong Zhongling Wu Yanjun Kou Zeng Tao Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Lab of Rice biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310021China

Di-and tri-methylation of lysine 36 on histone H3(H3K36me2/3)is catalysed by histone methyltransferase Set2,which plays an essential role in transcriptional *** there is a single H3K36 methyltransferase in yeast and higher eukaryotes,two H3K36 methyltransferases,Ash1 and Set2,were present in many filamentous ***,their roles in H3K36 methylation and transcriptional regulation remained *** with methods of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq,we revealed that both Ash1 and Set2 are redundantly required for the full H3K36me2/3 activity in Magnaporthe oryzae,which causes the devastating worldwide rice blast ***1 and Set2 distinguish genomic H3K36me2/3-marked regions and are differentially associated with repressed and activated transcription,***,Ash1-catalysed H3K36me2 was co-localized with H3K27me3 at the chromatin,and Ash1 was required for the enrichment and transcriptional silencing of H3K27me3-occupied *** the different roles of Ash1 and Set2,in H3K36me2/3 enrichment and transcriptional regulation on the stress-responsive genes,they differentially respond to various stresses in ***,we reveal a novel mechanism by which two H3K36 methyltransferases catalyze H3K36me2/3 that differentially associate with transcriptional activities and contribute to enrichment of facultative heterochromatin in eukaryotes.

关键词： Ash1 Facultative heterochromatin H3K36me2/3 Magnaporthe oryzae Set2 Transcriptional regulation

OsCPK12 phosphorylates OsCATA and OsCATC to regulate H2O2 homeostasis and improve oxidative stress tolerance in rice

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Plant Communications 2024年第3期5卷 179-196页

作者： Beifang Wang Pao Xue Yingxin Zhang Xiaodeng Zhan Weixun Wu Ping Yu Daibo Chen Junlin Fu Yongbo Hong Xihong Shen Lianping Sun Shihua Cheng Qunen Liu Liyong Cao State Key Laboratory of Rice biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China Northern Rice research Center of Bao Qing Shuangyashan 155600China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice research China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 311400China

Calcium-dependent protein kinases(CPKs),the best-characterized calcium sensors in plants,regulate many aspects of plant growth and development as well as plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic ***,how CPKs regulate the antioxidant defense system remains largely *** previously found that impaired function of OsCPK12 leads to oxidative stress in rice,with more H2O2,lower catalase(CAT)activity,and lower ***,we explored the roles of OsCPK12 in oxidative stress tolerance in *** results show that OsCPK12 interacts with and phosphorylates OsCATA and OsCATC at *** of either OsCATA or OsCATC leads to an oxidative stress phenotype accompanied by higher accumulation of *** of the phosphomimetic proteins OsCATAS11D and OsCATCS11D in oscpk12-cr reduced the level of H2O2 ***,OsCATAS11D and OsCATCS11D showed enhanced catalase activity in vivo and in ***12-overexpressing plants exhibited higher CAT activity as well as higher tolerance to oxidative *** demonstrate that OsCPK12 affects CAT enzyme activity by phosphorylating OsCATA and OsCATC at Ser11 to regulate H2O2 homeostasis,thereby mediating oxidative stress tolerance in rice.

关键词： OsCPK12 OsCATs oxidative tolerance Oryza sativa L

Application of plant DNA metabarcoding of lake sediments for monitoring vegetation compositions on the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3594-3609页

作者： Kai WU Kai LI Weihan JIA Kathleen R.STOOF-LEICHSENRING Ulrike HERZSCHUH Jian NI Mengna LIAO Fang TIAN College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam institute of Biochemistry and biology University of Potsdam College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

Benefiting from the rapid development of environmental DNA(eDNA) technologies, sedimentary DNA(sedDNA)emerges as a promising tool for monitoring plant compositions in remote regions. The Tibetan Plateau(TP), renowned for its harsh environment and numerous ponds and lakes, presents a potentially demanding region for the application of sedDNA on vegetation investigations. Here, we used the g and h universal primers for the P6 loop region of the chloroplast trn L(UAA)intron to amplify plant DNA in surface sediments from 59 ponds and small lakes on the southwestern TP. The applicability and limitations of using plant DNA metabarcoding for modern vegetation monitoring and palaeo-vegetation reconstructions have been assessed by comparing sedDNA, pollen, and vegetation survey data. Our results showed that plant DNA metabarcoding recorded 186 terrestrial taxa, of which 30.1% can be identified at the species level. The plant sedDNA approach can effectively disclose the dominant plant taxa(including Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae) and significant vegetation assemblages in the vicinity of the investigated sites. The number of taxa and taxonomic resolution of plant sedDNA exceeded that of pollen analysis(75 taxa detected, 5.3% can be identified at species level). Unlike pollen that retains a broad spectrum of regional plant signals(including Pinus and Artemisia), plant sedDNA mirrors very local plants, underscoring its utility in local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions. To conclude, plant DNA metabarcoding of(small) lake sediments warrant increased attention in the future for local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions on the TP.

关键词： Sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) Metabarcoding Pollen Vegetation composition Tibetan Plateau

Inter-chromosomal insertions into wild-type chromosomes induced by SCRaMbLE

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 125-135页

作者： Sijie Zhou Junyanrui Li Xichen Cui Ying Wang Ying-Jin Yuan Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(Ministry of Education) School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Frontiers research institute for Synthetic biology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Genomic rearrangements play a crucial role in shaping biological phenotypic diversity and driving species *** chromosome rearrangement and modification by LoxP-mediated evolution(SCRaMbLE)has been applied to explore large-scale genomic rearrangements,yet it has been observed that these rearrangements occur exclusively in genomic regions containing loxPsym ***,we found that SCRaMbLE of synthetic yeast harboring synthetic chromosome V and X can generate a variety of synthetic segment insertions into wild-type chromosomes,ranging from 1 to 300 ***,it was revealed that the novel insertions impacted the transcriptional level of neighboring regions and affected the production of exemplar pathway of ***,our results improve the understanding of the ability of SCRaMbLE to generate complex structural variations in nonsynthetic regions and provide a potential model to explore genomic transposable events.

关键词： genomic rearrangements synthetic yeast genome SCRaMbLE inter-chromosomal insertions synthetic biology