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The role of exosomes in adult neurogenesis:implications for neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第2期19卷 282-288页

作者： Zhuoyang Yu Yan Teng Jing Yang Lu Yang institute of Neurology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina Laboratory of aging research School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan ProvinceChina

Exosomes are cup-shaped extracellular vesicles with a lipid bilayer that is approximately 30 to 200 nm in *** are widely distributed in a range of body fluids,including urine,blood,milk,and *** exert biological function by transporting factors between different cells and by regulating biological pathways in recipient *** an important form of intercellular communication,exosomes are increasingly being investigated due to their ability to transfer bioactive molecules such as lipids,proteins,mRNAs,and microRNAs between cells,and because they can regulate physiological and pathological processes in the central nervous *** neurogenesis is a multistage process by which new neurons are generated and migrate to be integrated into existing neuronal *** the adult brain,neurogenesis is mainly localized in two specialized niches:the subventricular zone adjacent to the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the dentate *** increasing body of evidence indicates that adult neurogenesis is tightly controlled by environmental conditions with the *** recent studies,exosomes released from different sources of cells were shown to play an active role in regulating neurogenesis both in vitro and in vivo,thereby participating in the progression of neurodegenerative disorders in patients and in various disease ***,we provide a state-of-the-art synopsis of existing research that aimed to identify the diverse components of exosome cargoes and elucidate the therapeutic potential of exosomal contents in the regulation of neurogenesis in several neurodegenerative *** emphasize that exosomal cargoes could serve as a potential biomarker to monitor functional neurogenesis in *** addition,exosomes can also be considered as a novel therapeutic approach to treat various neurodegenerative disorders by improving endogenous neurogenesis to mitigate neuronal loss in the central nervous system.

关键词： adult neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosome Huntington’s disease neurodegenerative disease neurogenic niches Parkinson’s disease

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Alkali Metal Ion Substituted Carboxymethyl Cellulose as Anode Polymeric Binders for Rapidly Chargeable Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 81-86页

作者： Seoungwoo Byun Zhu Liu Dong Ok Shin Kyuman Kim Jaecheol Choi Youngjoon Roh Dahee Jin Seungwon Jung Kyung-Geun Kim Young-Gi Lee Stefan Ringe Yong Min Lee Department of Energy science and Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang University Intelligent Sensors research Section Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) Department of Advanced Device Technology University of Science and Technology (UST) Intelligent Polymer research institute and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials science University of Wollongong Energy science and Engineering research Center Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) Department of Chemistry Korea University

The increasing demand for short charging time on electric vehicles has motivated realization of fast chargeable lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）.However,shortening the charging time of LIBs is limited by Li+intercalation... 详细信息

关键词： de-solvation digital twins fast charging graphite anodes polymeric binders

Perspective on powder technology for all-solid-state batteries:How to pair sulfide electrolyte with high-voltage cathode

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 55-66页

作者： Jiangkui Hu Shijie Yang Yingying Pei Xilong Wang Yulong Liao Shuai Li Aolong Yue Jia-Qi Huang Hong Yuan School of Materials science&Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Advanced research institute of Multidisciplinary science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

Sulfide solid electrolytes(SEs)have attracted ever-increasing attention due to their superior roomtemperature ionic conductivity(~10^(-2) S cm^(-1)).Additionally,the integration of sulfide SEs and highvoltage cathodes is promising to achieve higher energy ***,the incompatible interfaces between sulfide SEs and high-voltage cathodes have been one of the key factors limiting their ***,this review presents a critical summarization of the interfacial issues in all-solid-state lithium batteries based on sulfide SEs and high-voltage cathodes and proposes strategies to stabilize the electrolyte/cathode ***,the future research direction of electrolyte/cathode interfaces and application prospects of powder technology in sulfide-based ASSLBs were also discussed.

关键词： Sulfide solid electrolytes High-voltage cathodes Electrode/electrolyte interfaces All-solid-state lithium batteries

Combined Effect of Temperature and Cadmium on Molecular Responses of Hsp70 and P-gp Genes in Crassostrea gigas

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第4期23卷 1115-1120页

作者： HU Fanguang SUN Ming LIU Guangbin JING Yuanyuan CHEN Qun ZHANG Tianwen Marine science research institute of Shandong Province Qingdao 266104China

To evaluate the combined effect of temperature and cadmium on the molecular responses of heat shock protein 70(hsp70)and P-glycoprotein(P-gp)in mantle,digestive gland and gills of Crassostrea gigas,oysters were exposed to combinations of five temperature levels(10,15,20,25,and 30℃)and 10μg L^(-1)cadmium for 21 *** were sampled for mRNA quantification by qPCR,and the results showed that the P-gp gene expression changed significantly after treatment at different temperatures and different treatment *** P-gp gene expression was the highest in the digestive *** with the control group,the P-gp gene expression in cadmium treatment groups at all the different temperatures were significantly higher than the control *** control oysters(kept at 10℃during the whole experiment without cadmium)expressed low levels of hsp70,but the groups treated with cadmium displayed somewhat higher *** present study demonstrated hsp70 and P-gp played an important role in the detoxification of Cd in ***,and confirmed temperature should be considered for the assessment of Cd-induced toxicity in oysters.

关键词： temperature cadmium P-gp hsp70 Crassostrea gigas

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Defect Engineering in Earth-Abundant Cu2ZnSnSe4 Absorber Using Efficient Alkali Doping for Flexible and Tandem Solar Cell Applications

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 253-260页

作者： Muhammad Rehan Ara Cho Inyoung Jeong Kihwan Kim Asmat Ullah Jun-Sik Cho Joo Hyung Park Yunae Jo Sung Jun Hong Seung Kyu Ahn SeJin Ahn Jae Ho Yun Jihye Gwak Donghyeop Shin Photovoltaics research Department Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) Department of Renewable Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST) Korea institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH)

To demonstrate flexible and tandem device applications, a low-temperature Cu2ZnSnSe4（CZTSe） deposition process, combined with efficient alkali doping, was developed. First, high-quality CZTSe films were grown at480 °C by a single co-evaporation, which is applicable to polyimide（PI）substrate. Because of the alkali-free substrate, Na and K alkali doping were systematically studied and optimized to precisely control the alkali distribution in CZTSe. The bulk defect density was significantly reduced by suppression of deep acceptor states after the（Na F + KF） PDTs. Through the low-temperature deposition with（Na F + KF） PDTs, the CZTSe device on glass yields the best efficiency of 8.1% with an improved VOCdeficit of646 m V. The developed deposition technologies have been applied to *** the first time, we report the highest efficiency of 6.92% for flexible CZTSe solar cells on PI. Additionally, CZTSe devices were utilized as bottom cells to fabricate four-terminal CZTSe/perovskite tandem cells because of a low bandgap of CZTSe（～1.0 e V） so that the tandem cell yielded an efficiency of 20%. The obtained results show that CZTSe solar cells prepared by a low-temperature process with in-situ alkali doping can be utilized for flexible thin-film solar cells as well as tandem device applications.

关键词： alkali doping Earth-abundant Cu2ZnSnSe4 flexible solar cells four-terminal tandem cells low-temperature process

Porously Reduced 2-Dimensional Bi2O2CO3 Petals for Strain-Mediated Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to HCOOH

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 219-225页

作者： Won Seok Cho Dae Myung Hong Wan Jae Dong Tae Hyung Lee Chul Jong Yoo Donghwa Lee Ho Won Jang Jong-Lam Lee Department of Materials science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Department of Materials science and Engineering Research Institute of Advanced Materials Seoul National University

Here we introduce bismuth-based catalysts for the efficient electrochemical reduction of CO2to formic acid（HCOOH）,which are composed of petalshaped Bi2O2CO3（BOC） that spontaneously formed from Bi thin film in aqueous carbonate solution at room *** the electrochemical reduction process,the BOC petals transform to reduced BOC（R-BOC）consisting of individual BOC and Bi domains.

关键词： bismuth carbon dioxide reduction formic acid heterointerfaces strain

A model reduction approach for discrete-time linear time-variant systems with delayed inputs

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 197-217页

作者： Ai-Guo WU Guang-Ren DUAN Yu WANG Jie ZHANG School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen) HIT Wuhu Robot Technology research institute Center for Control science and Technology Southern University of Science and Technology

A model reduction approach is presented for discrete-time linear time-variant input-delayed systems. According to this proposed approach, a dynamical variable is constructed by taking advantage of the current state and historical information of input. It is revealed that the behavior of this dynamical variable is governed by a discrete-time linear delay-free system. It is worth noting that the presented variable transformation does not require the system matrix to be invertible. Based on the reduced delay-free models,stabilizing control laws can be easily obtained for the original delayed system. For the case with a single input delay, the constructed variable is an exact prediction for the future state, and thus the stabilizing control law could be designed by replacing the future state with its prediction. Finally, three discrete-time periodic systems with delayed input are employed to illustrate how to utilize the presented model reduction approaches.

关键词： reduction approach predictor-based feedback time-varying systems delayed input periodic system

Anticipating the lifespan: Predicting the durability of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell short stack over 50,000 h

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2024年第3期34卷 606-613页

作者： Muhammad Zubair Khan Amjad Hussain Seung-Bok Lee Tak-Hyoung Lim Rak-Hyun Song Department of Materials science & Engineering Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Hydrogen Energy research Division Korea Institute of Energy Research Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering Korea University of Science and Technology (UST)

In the present study, the operational lifetime of a solid oxide fuel(SOFC) short stack is predicted by investigating the performance degradation of both the short stack and its cells throughout 1000 h at 800°C. The short stack and integral cell voltages are continuously measured during the long-term test, with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) conducted every 200 h. The short stack voltage decreased rapidly for the initial 200–300 h and afterwards, it decreased at a slow rate due to the increase in the Ohmic and polarization resistances in the same manner. Scanning electron microscopy results show that there is no delamination or cracking among constituent layers of the short-stack cells. The single degradation effects of the Ni coarsening in the anode, cation migration and surface segregation in cathode and oxide scale growth in metallic interconnect mesh are successfully integrated into a comprehensive lifetime prediction model. The experimentally measured voltage degradation data of the short stack fits well with the developed mathematical model and allows the successful prediction of the lifetime up to 50,000 h.

关键词： Degradation Impedance Lifetime SOFC Stack

Ethical concerns in aging research: perspectives of global frontline researchers

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science China Life sciences 2024年第10期67卷 2149-2156页

作者： Yaojin Peng Lulu Ding Zhenyu Xiao Moshi Song Jianwei Lv Guang-Hui Liu Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of Sciences aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) School of Life science Beijing Institute of Technology School of Life sciences Xiamen University Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical University aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical University

This study investigated the ethical landscape of aging research amid the increasing global focus on extending the human lifespan and health span. Our global survey of 180 researchers across 38 jurisdictions revealed divergent perceptions of aging, a consensus regarding the feasibility of delaying aging, and multiple perspectives regarding lifespan extension. The present findings underscore a paradigm shift toward inclusive and ethically sound research, emphasizing the need for an approach that strikes a balance between basic and clinical research. In addition, this study highlighted key ethical concerns in aging research, including the effects of misleading advertising, potential inequality in access to aging interventions, and risks pertaining to the extrapolation of research findings from lower-model organisms to humans. The insights presented in this paper call for an integrated approach for overcoming the complex ethical and societal challenges in aging research to ensure responsible and equitable advancements in this burgeoning field.

关键词： aging ethical landscape ethics surveys and questionnaires

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