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Microglia in drug addiction:A perspective from neuroimmunopharmacology

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 704-706页

作者： Cong Lin Xiaohui Wang Laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin 130022China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular sciences Beijing 100190China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China

Drug addiction refers to a state of dependence that arises from habitual drug intake and can result in specific withdrawal symptoms upon *** most commonly abused substances include psychostimulants,cannabinoids,and *** drugs are consumed,they stimulate the release of dopamine,a neurotransmitter crucial for the pleasure and reward centers of the *** repeated drug use,the brain undergoes various changes,leading to tolerance,dependence,and addiction(Lüscher et al.,2020).The mechanisms involved in drug addiction are highly complex and involve diverse cell types within the brain.

关键词： addiction drugs intake

Integrated hazard assessment of rockfall incidents in the Cap Aokas Cliff Region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1916-1929页

作者： Zohra LADJEL Farid ZAHRI Riheb HADJI Younes HAMED Karim ZIGHMI Kaddour BENMARCE Department of Earth sciences Institute of Architecture and Earth SciencesFerhat Abbas UniversitySetif 19137Algeria Unit of Emerging Materials Research Ferhat Abbes UniversitySétif 19137Algeria Laboratory of applied Research in Engineering Geology GeotechnicsWater Sciencesand EnvironmentFerhat Abbas UniversitySetif 19137Algeria International Association of Water Resources in the Southern Mediterranean Basin Gafsa 2112Tunisia Department of Earth sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GafsaGafsa 2112Tunisia

Rock fall accidents in mountainous cliff areas have significant consequences for human life and *** study aimed to evaluate the rockfall hazard in the Cap Aokas cliff region located along the northeast coast of Algeria by identifying the key factors contributing to rockfall *** employed a combination of kinematic analysis,Matterocking method,and 3D trajectory simulations to determine zones that are susceptible to rockfall *** using a probabilistic and structural approach in conjunction with photogrammetry,we identified the controlling *** kinematic analysis revealed the presence of five discontinuity families,which indicated both plane and wedge failure *** 3D trajectory simulations demonstrated that the falling blocks followed the stream *** then validated the susceptibility maps generated from the analysis using aerial photos and historical rockfall *** findings of this study enhance our understanding of rockfall phenomena and provide valuable insights for the development of effective strategies to mitigate rockfall hazards.

关键词： Trajectory simulations Probabilistic analysis Structural approach Rockfall hazard Cap Aokas cliff

Sequence design in terpolymerization ofε-caprolactone,CO_(2) and cyclohexane oxide:Random ester-carbonate distributions lead to large-span tunability

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 259-264页

作者： Zhenjie Yang Chenyang Hu Xuan Pang Xuesi Chen Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China

It is of great interest to make a degradable material widely tailorable to replace petroleum-derived products among diverse ***,we report the construction of a new multi-purpose degradable material for the first time via a simple ternary copolymerization system comprisingε-caprolactone(ε-CL),cyclohexane oxide(CHO)and CO_(2).Under low pressure of 1 bar∼5 bar,the ring-opening polymerization(ROP)ofε-CL and ring-opening copolymerization(ROCOP)of CO_(2) and CHO can simultaneously *** carbonate units are randomly distributed on the polymer *** random terpolymers have controllable molar mass(10-106 kDa)and compositions(4-33 mol%CO_(2)).And the obtained materials show large-span tunability from tough plastic to elastomer and even adhesive.

关键词： Polyesters CO_(2)-derived copolymers Random copolymerization Elastomers Adhesives

Calcium-based polymers for suppression of soil acidification by improving acid-buffering capacity and inhibiting nitrification

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第5期139卷 138-149页

作者： Fei Kang Yunshan Meng Yanning Ge Yun Zhang Haixiang Gao Xueqin Ren Jie Wang Shuwen Hu Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-control and Remediation College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of applied Chemistry China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Soil acidification is a major threat to agricultural sustainability in tropical and subtropical *** and environmentally friendly materials,such as calcium lignosulfonate(CaLS),calcium poly(aspartic acid)(PASP-Ca),and calcium polyγ-glutamic acid(γ-PGA-Ca),are known to effectively ameliorate soil ***,their effectiveness in inhibiting soil acidification has not been *** study aimed to evaluate the effect of CaLS,PASP-Ca,andγ-PGA-Ca on the resistance of soil toward acidification as directly and indirectly(i.e.,via nitrification)caused by the application of HNO_(3)and urea,*** comparison,Ca(OH)_(2)and lignin were used as the inorganic and organic controls,*** the materials,γ-PGA-Ca drove the substantial improvements in the pH buffering capacity(pHBC)of the soil and exhibited the greatest potential in inhibiting HNO_(3)-induced soil acidification via protonation of carboxyl,complexing with Al~(3+),and cation exchange *** acidification induced by urea,CaLS was the optimal one in inhibiting acidification and increasing exchangeable acidity during ***,the sharp reduction in the population sizes of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA)confirmed the inhibition of nitrification via CaLS ***,compared to improving soil pHBC,CaLS may play a more important role in suppressing indirect ***,γ-PGA-Ca was superior to PASP-Ca and CaLS in enhancing the soil pHBC and the its resistance to acidification induced by HNO_(3) addition,whereas CaLS was the best at suppressing urea-driven soil acidification by inhibiting *** conclusion,these results provide a reference for inhibiting soil re-acidification in intensive agricultural systems.

关键词： Calcium-based polymer Soil acidification pH buffering capacity Nitrification inhibition

Photoluminescence and ratiometric thermo-response of Eu^(2+)and Eu^(3+)in BaAl_(2)B_(2)O_(7):Eu^(2+),Eu^(3+)phosphor materials

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1240-1249,I0002页

作者： Ziyao Wang Haitao Fu Xiufeng Zhan Bo Tong Guofeng Ma H.T.(Bert)Hintzen Institute of Innovative Science and Technology Shenyang UniversityShenyang110044China College of Mechanical Engineering Shenyang UniversityShenyang110044China Faculty of applied sciences Delft University of Technology2629 JBDelftthe Netherlands

A novel Eu^(2+)-Eu^(3+)co-activated ratiometric thermo-sensitive phosphor was developed and synthesized by solid-state *** valence state of Eu,photoluminescence and thermo-sensitive performance of the phosphor prepared either in ambient air or carbothermally were investigated and *** phosphor shows high sensitivity(Sa=0.0173 K^(-1),S_(r)=0.461%/K)and superior signal discriminability(Δν∼10380 cm^(−1)).The thermo-sensitive performance is subject to the dual effects of different thermo-responses by Eu^(2+)versus Eu^(3+)combined with energy transfer from Eu^(2+)to Eu^(3+),so that the sensitivity of the phosphor in the temperature range presents a non-monotonic *** development of the BaAl_(2)B_(2)O_(7):Eu^(2+),Eu^(3+)phosphor is not only expected to be relevant for application in the field of temperature sensing,but also of reference significance for improving the sensitivity by means of energy transfer between co-activator ions over a wider temperature range of Eu^(2+)-Eu^(3+)co-activated ratiometric thermo-sensitive phosphors.

关键词： Photoluminescence Ratiometric thermo-response Phosphor Eu^(2+)/Eu^(3+) Rare earths

Next-generation vaccines for substance use disorders

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 707-708页

作者： Kaixuan Wang Hongshuang Wang Xiaohui Wang Laboratory of Chemical Biology Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunJilin 130022China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China

Substance use disorders(SUDs)impact an estimated 300 million people worldwide,significantly impairing both health and social *** disorders are marked by an inability to regulate substance use,despite the harmful *** affects various neurotransmitter systems,including dopamine,serotonin,γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),and glutamate,each of which plays a role in the reward,stress,and self-control pathways of the brain(Koob&Volkow,2016).While significant advances have been made in neuroscience,our understanding of how these neurotransmitter systems interact and contribute to addiction is still *** knowledge gap represents a significant challenge in the formulation of effective treatments for *** present,the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)has approved pharmacological treatments for alcohol,nicotine,and opioid use disorders(Vasiliu,2022);however,no such treatments have been authorized for SUDs in general,or specifically for stimulant use disorders,such as cocaine and methamphetamine ***,the FDA has not approved any new drugs for SUD treatment in the past 40 years.

关键词： disorders treatment consequences

Dynamics of a Reaction-diffusion-ODE System in a Heterogeneous Media

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第2期40卷 275-301页

作者： Cong-hui ZHANG Hai-feng ZHANG Mei-rong ZHANG School of Science Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 102616China Institute of applied System Analysis Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Department of Mathematical sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The existence and stability of stationary solutions for a reaction-diffusion-ODE system are investigated in this *** first show that there exist both continuous and discontinuous stationary *** a good understanding of the stability of discontinuous stationary solutions is gained under an appropriate *** addition,we demonstrate the influences of the diffusion coefficient on stationary *** results we obtained are based on the super-/sub-solution method and the generalized mountain pass ***,some numerical simulations are given to illustrate the theoretical results.

关键词： reaction-diffusion-ODE system discontinuous stationary solutions stability asymptotic behavior monotone solutions

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High-efficiency PdNi single-atom alloy catalyst toward cross-coupling reaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 480-483页

作者： Baokang Geng Xiang Chu Li Liu Lingling Zhang Shuaishuai Zhang Xiao Wang Shuyan Song Hongjie Zhang State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China School of applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The preparation of Pd-based catalysts with rich electrons and a high atom dispersion rate is of great significance for improving the reactivity of cross-coupling reactions,which is a powerful tool for pharmaceutical and fine chemical ***,we report a PdNi single-atom alloy(SAA)catalyst in which isolated Pd single atoms are anchored onto the surface of Ni nanoparticles(NPs)applied for Suzuki coupling reactions and Heck coupling *** 0.1%PdNi SAA exhibits extraordinary catalytic activity(reaction rate:17,032.25 mmol h^(-1)gPd^(-1))toward the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction between 4-bromoanisole and phenylboronic acid at 80℃for 1 *** excellent activity is supposed to attribute to the 100 percent utilization rate of Pd atoms and the highly stable surface zero-valance Pd atoms,which provides abundant sites and electrons for the adsorption and fracture of the C-X(X=Cl,Br,I)***,our work demonstrates the excellent application prospect of SAAs for cross-coupling reactions.

关键词： Single-atom alloy Cross-coupling reaction Palladium catalysis Heterogeneous catalysis High-efficiency

In vitro engineered models of neurodegenerative diseases

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 79-96页

作者： ZEHRA GÜL MORÇIMEN ŞEYMA TAŞDEMIR AYLIN ŞENDEMIR Bioengineering Department Graduate School of Natural and Applied SciencesEge UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye Bioengineering Department Faculty of Engineering and Natural ScienceCelal Bayar UniversityManisa45110Türkiye Bioengineering Department Ege UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye Department of Biomedical Technologies Graduate School of Natural and Applied SciencesEge UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye

Neurodegeneration is a catastrophic process that develops progressive damage leading to functional andstructural loss of the cells of the nervous system and is among the biggest unavoidable problems of our *** do not reflect the pathophysiology observed in humans due to distinct differences between the neuralpathways,gene expression patterns,neuronal plasticity,and other disease-related mechanisms in animals *** in vitro cell culture models are also not sufficient for pre-clinical drug testing in reflecting thecomplex pathophysiology of neurodegenerative ***,modern,engineered techniques are applied to developmulticellular,intricate in vitro models and to create the closest microenvironment simulating biological,biochemical,and mechanical characteristics of the in vivo degenerating *** THIS review,the capabilities and shortcomings ofscaffold-based and scaffold-free techniques,organoids,and microfluidic models that best reflect neurodegeneration invitro in the biomimetic framework are discussed.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases In vitro models Scaffolds Organoids Microfluidic devices