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Comparative evaluation for catalytic gasification of petroleum coke and asphaltene in subcritical and supercritical water

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第4期28卷 107-118页

作者： Rachita Rana Sonil Nanda Aimee Maclennan Yongfeng Hu Janusz A.Kozinski Ajay K.Dalai Department of Chemical and biological engineering University of Saskatchewan Department of Chemical and Biochemical engineering University of Western Ontario Soft X-Ray Micro-Characterization Beamline Canadian Light Source Inc. New Model in Technology & engineering

Subcritical and supercritical water gasification of petroleum coke and asphaltene was performed at variable temperatures(350–650°C),feed concentrations(15–30 wt%)and reaction times(15–60 min).Nickel-impregnated activated carbon(Ni/AC)was synthesized as a catalyst for enhancing syngas yields at optimal gasification conditions(650°C,15 wt%and 60 min).Structural chemistry of precursors and chars developed at different gasification temperatures was studied using physicochemical and synchrotronbased approaches such as carbon–hydrogen–nitrogen–sulfur(CHNS)analysis,thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis(TGA/DTA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS).Asphaltene testified to be a better precursor for catalytic hydrothermal gasification leading to 11.97 mmol/g of total gas yield compared to petroleum coke(8.04 mmol/g).In particular,supercritical water gasification using 5 wt%Ni/AC at 650°C with 15 wt%feed concentration for 60 min resulted in 4.17 and 2.98 mmol/g of H_2from asphaltene and petroleum coke,*** the same conditions,the respective CH_4yields from catalytic gasification of asphaltene and petroleum coke were 2.54and 1.07 mmol/***,asphaltene also seemed to an attractive feedstock for the production of highly aromatic chars through hydrothermal gasification.

关键词： Asphaltene Petroleum coke Subcritical water Supercritical water Gasification Char

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engineering microscale systems for fully autonomous intracellular neural interfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1276-1295页

作者： Swathy Sampath Kumar Michael S.Baker Murat Okandan Jit Muthuswamy Biomedical engineering School of Biological and Health Systems EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA Mechanical engineering Sandia National laboratoriesAlbuquerqueNMUSA mPower Technology Inc.AlbuquerqueNM 87102USA

Conventional electrodes and associated positioning systems for intracellular recording from single neurons in vitro and in vivo are large and bulky,which has largely limited their ***,acquiring successful intracellular recordings is very tedious,requiring a high degree of skill not readily achieved in a typical *** report here a robotic,MEMS-based intracellular recording system to overcome the above limitations associated with form factor,scalability,and highly skilled and tedious manual operations required for intracellular *** system combines three distinc. technologies:(1)novel microscale,glass–polysilicon penetrating electrode for intracellular recording;(2)electrothermal microactuators for precise microscale movement of each electrode;and(3)closed-loop control algorithm for autonomous positioning of electrode inside single *** we demonstrate the novel,fully integrated system of glass–polysilicon microelectrode,microscale actuators,and controller for autonomous intracellular recordings from single neurons in the abdominal ganglion of Aplysia californica(n=5 cells).Consistent resting potentials(60 mV)were recorded after each successful penetration attempt with the controller and microactuated glass–polysilicon *** success rate of penetration and quality of intracellular recordings achieved using electrothermal microactuators were comparable to that of conventional positioning *** data from in vivo experiments in anesthetized rats show successful intracellular *** MEMS-based system offers significant advantages:(1)reduction in overall size for potential use in behaving animals,(2)scalable approach to potentially realize multi-channel recordings,and(3)a viable method to fully automate measurement of intracellular *** system will be evaluated in vivo in future rodent studies.

关键词： recording electrode system

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Isolation and oral immunogenicity assessment of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus NH-TA2020 strain:One of the predominant strains circulating in China from 2017 to 2021

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Virologica Sinica 2022年第5期37卷 646-655页

作者： Xiaowen Li Yang Li Jiapei Huang Yali Yao Wenying Zhao Yunjing Zhang Jie Qing Jing Ren Zhong Yan Zewei Wang Xiaofang Hu Duli Kang Hongqiang Liu Zhichun Yan New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd.Chengdu610041China National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine Luoyang471000China Shandong New Hope Liuhe Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co. Ltd.(NHLH Academy of Swine Research)Dezhou253034China Swine Health Data and Intelligent Monitoring Project Laboratory Dezhou UniversityDezhou253011China pulike biological engineering inc. Luoyang471000China

Porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED)caused by porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)is one of the most devastating diseases in the global pig industry due to its high mortality rate in *** vaccines can effectively enhance the gut-mammary gland-secretory IgA axis to boost lactogenic immunity and passive protection of nursing piglets against PEDV *** 2017 to 2021,we collected 882 diarrhea samples from 303 farms in China to investigate the epidemiology of *** result showed that about 52.15%(158/303)of the farms were positive for PEDV with an overall detection rate of 63.95%(564/882)of the *** S1 fragments of S gene from 104 strains were sequenced for the phylogenetic analysis.A total of 71 PEDV strains(68.27%)sequenced in this study were clustered into the predominant G2c subgroup,while the newly-defined G2d strains(9.62%)were identified in three provinc.s of *** NH-TA2020 strain of G2c subgroup was isolated and cultured,and its infection to piglets caused watery diarrhea within 24 h,indicating its strong *** administration of NH-TA2020 strain to pregnant gilts stimulated high levels of IgA antibody in *** piglets fed by the gilts above were challenged with NH-TA2020 strain or CH-HeB-RY-2020 strain from G2d subgroup,and the clinical symptoms and virus shedding were significantly reduced compared to the mock *** findings suggest that G2c subgroup is the predominant branch circulating in China from 2017 to *** administration of NH-TA2020 enhances maternal IgA and lactogenic immune responses,which confer protection against the homologous and emerging G2d PEDV strains challenges in neonates.

关键词： Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV) Molecular epidemiological investigation Virus isolation Lactogenic immune IgA

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Room temperature oxidation of acetone by ozone over alumina-supported manganese and cobalt mixed oxides

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2020年第6期14卷 937-947页

作者： Mehraneh Ghavami Mostafa Aghbolaghy Jafar Soltan Ning Chen Department of Chemical and biological engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 5 A9Canada Canadian Light Source inc. University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonS7N 0X4Canada

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are among the major sources of air *** ozonation is an efficient process for removing VOCs at lower reaction temperature compared to catalytic *** this study,a series of alumina supported single and mixed manganese and cobalt oxides catalysts were used for ozonation of acetone at room *** influence of augmenting the single Mn and Co catalysts were investigated on the performance and structure of the *** manganese and cobalt single and mixed oxides catalysts of the formula Mnl0%-CoX and Co10%-MnX(where X=0,2.5%,5%,or 10%)were *** was found that addition of Mn and Co at lower loading levels(2.5%or 5%)to single metal oxide catalysts enhanced the catalytic *** mixed oxides catalysts of(Mnl0%-Co2.5%)and(Mn10%-Co5%)led to acetone conversion of about 84%.It is concluded that lower oxidation state of the secondary metal improves ozone decomposition and oxidation of acetone.

关键词： ozone VOC manganese oxides cobalt oxides alumina support

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Dual-responsive supramolecular photodynamic nanomedicine with activatable immunomodulation for enhanced antitumor therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 765-780页

作者： Siqin He Lulu Wang Dongxu Wu Fan Tong Huan Zhao Hanmei Li Tao Gong Huile Gao Yang Zhou Key Laboratory of Tropical biological Resources of Ministry of Education School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHainan UniversityHaikou 570200China Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Revvity inc. WalthamMA 02451USA School of Food and biological engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106China

A major challenge facing photodynamic therapy(PDT) is that the activity of the immuneinduced infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells is subject to the regulatory T lymphocytes(Tregs), leaving the tumor at risk of recurrence and metastasis after the initial ablation. To augment the antitumor response and reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME), a supramolecular photodynamic nanoparticle(DACss) is constructed by the host-guest interaction between demethylcantharidin-conjugated β-cyclodextrin(DMC-CD) and amantadine-terminated disulfide-conjugated FFVLGGGC peptide with chlorin e6 decoration(Ad-ss-pep-Ce6) to achieve intelligent delivery of photosensitizer and immunomodulator for breast cancer treatment. The acid-labile β-carboxamide bond of DMC-CD is hydrolyzed in response to the acidic TME, resulting in the localized release of DMC and subsequent inhibition of *** guest molecule Ad-ss-pep-Ce6 can be cleaved by a high level of intracellular GSH, reducing photosensitizer toxicity and inc.easing photosensitizer retention in the tumor. With a significant inc.ease in the CTL/Treg ratio, the combination of Ce6-based PDT and DMC-mediated immunomodulation adequately achieved spatiotemporal regulation and remodeling of the TME, as well as improved primary tumor and in situ lung metastasis suppression with the aid of PD-1 antibody.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy Immunosuppressive microenvironment Immunomodulator Dual-responsive Supramolecularassembly Checkpointblockade

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A supplementary assessment system of AQI-V for comprehensive management and control of air quality in chemical industrial parks

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第8期130卷 114-125页

作者： Qiaoli Wang Dongping Sheng Chengzhi Wu Deji Jing Nana Cheng Xingnong Cai Sujing Li Jingkai Zhao Wei Li Jianmeng Chen College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310032China Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical engineering of the Ministry of Education Institute of Industrial Ecology and EnvironmentCollege of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang University(Yuquan Campus)Hangzhou 310027China Trinity Consultants Inc.(China office)Hangzhou 310012China Zhejiang Ocean University ZhoushanZhejiang Province 316022China

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are the dominant pollutants in industrial ***,they are not generally considered as part of the air quality index(AQI)system,which leads to a biased assessment of pollution in industrial *** this study,a supplementary assessment system of AQI-V was established by analyzing VOCs characteristics with vehicle-mounted PTR-TOFMS instrument,correlation analysis and the standards *** hourly and daily scenarios were considered,and the hierarchical parameter setting was further optimized by field *** hourly and daily assessments revealed the evaluation factors for the discriminability of different air quality levels,practiced value for regional air quality improvement,and the reservation of general dominant ***,the universality testing in ZPIP successfully recognized most of the peaks,with 54.76%,38.39%and 6.85%for O_(3),VOCs and NO_(2) as the dominant pollutant,and reflected the daily ambient air quality condition,togetherwith the dominant *** AQI-V systemwith VOCs sub-index is essential for air quality evaluation in industrial parks,which can further provide scientific support to control the pollution of VOCs and the secondary pollutant,therefore significantly improve the air quality in local industrial parks.

关键词： Air quality index Industrial parks,VOCs sub-index AQI-V system Scenario analysis

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Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Zeolites from Solid Wastes

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第4期40卷 646-656页

作者： LIU Pei WU Qinming CHEN Zhenghai XIAO Feng-Shou Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical engineering of Ministry of Education and College of Chemical and biological engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310028P.R.China Zhejiang Provinc.al Innovation Center of Green Petrochemical Technology Ningbo315048P.R.China Kente Catalysts inc. Xianju317300P.R.China

With the rapid development of industrialization,it is inevitable to produce solid wastes in the fields of energy petrochemical ***,the storage and utilization of these solid wastes have become a considerable *** to the main element composition of these solid wastes inc.uding silicon and aluminum,it has attracted extensive attention for synthesizing *** review summarized the properties of major solid wastes inc.uding coal fly ash,coal gangue,spent fluid catalytic cracking(FCC)catalyst,lithium slag,bauxite residue,and waste ***,the preparation of LTA,FAU,ZSM-5,SSZ-13,Beta,and MOR zeolites from these solid wastes were ***,the current challenges and perspectives were discussed.

关键词： Solid waste Zeolite Utilization Sustainable route Application

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Estimation of citrus canker lesion size using hyperspectral reflectance imaging

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International Journal of Agricultural and biological engineering 2013年第3期6卷 41-51页

作者： Nikhil P.Niphadkar Thomas F.Burks Jianwei Qin Mark A.Ritenour ATW Automation inc. DaytonOH 45402USA Department of Agricultural and biological engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA U.S.Department of Agriculture BeltsvilleMD 20705USA Department of Horticultural Sciences University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 34945USA

The Citrus industry has need for effective approaches to remove fruit with canker before they are shipped to selective international market such as the European *** research aims to determine the detectable size limit for cankerous lesions using hyperspectral imaging *** developed multispectral algorithms using visible to near-infrared wavelengths,were used to segregate cankerous citrus fruits from other peel conditions(normal,greasy spot,insect damage,melanose,scab and wind scar).However,this previous work did not consider lesion size.A two-band ratio method with a simple threshold based classifier(ratio of reflectance at wavelengths 834 nm and 729 nm),which gave maximum overall classification accuracy of 95.7%,was selected for lesion size estimation in this *** smallest size of cankerous lesion detected in terms of equivalent diameter was 1.66 *** effect of variation of threshold values and number of erosion cycles(applying morphological erosion multiple times to the image)on estimation of smallest detectable lesion was *** was found that small threshold values gave better canker classification accuracies,while exhibiting a lower overall classification ***,higher threshold values portrayed the opposite *** threshold value of 1.275 gave the optimum tradeoff between canker classification accuracy,overall classification accuracy and minimal lesion size *** the number of erosion cycles reduced detection rates of smaller canker lesions,leading to the conclusion that a single erosion cycle gave the best size estimation *** erosion kernel of the size 3 mm×3 mm was used during the exploration.

关键词： citrus canker lesion size disease detection hyperspectral reflectance imaging image classification multispectral algorithm size detection limit

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<i>In Vitro</i>Characterization of Cell Surface Properties of 14 Vaginal <i>Lactobacillus</i>Strains as Potential Probiotics

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第2期11卷 144-155页

作者： Shao-Ji Li Jae-Seong So SignalDT Biotechnologies (SZ) Inc. Shenzhen China Department of biological engineering Inha University Incheon Korea

Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. Human-origin Lactobacillus is a preferable source of probiotic bacteria. This study screened 14 vaginal Lactobacillus strains as probiotic candidates by investigating probiotic-related cell surface characteristics inc.uding cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), Lewis acidity/basicity, autoaggregation, and biofilm formation. Moderate to high CSH and autoaggregation, high basicity and low acidity were prevalent in the 14 tested strains. Biofilm formation varied in a large range among the 14 tested strains. CSH showed a high correlation with Lewis acidity and autoaggregation, while Lewis acidity was highly correlated with autoaggregation and biofilm formation. Four strains were selected as promising probiotic strains. This study was the first one to compare antibiotic sensitivity between biofilm-forming cells and planktonic cells of Lactobacillus species, and found that biofilm-forming cells of a L. fermentum strain had a significantly higher survival rate than planktonic cells in cefotaxime, cefmetazole and tetracycline, but were as sensitive to oxacillin and ampicillin as planktonic cells were.

关键词： Lactobacillus Probiotics Cell Surface Hydrophobicity Lewis Acidity Lewis Basicity Autoaggregation Biofilm Antibiotics

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Enhanced biological phosphorus removal using thermal alkaline hydrolyzed municipal wastewater biosolids

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 164-174页

作者： Masuduz Zaman Mingu Kim George Nakhla Ajay Singh Fenghua Yang Department of Chemical and Biochemical engineering Western UniversityLondonONCanada Department of Civil and Environmental engineering Western UniversityLondonONCanada Lystek International inc. CambridgeONCanada Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago ChicagoUSA

This study reports the feasibility of using municipal wastewater biosolids as an alternative carbon source for biological phosphorus *** biosolids were treated by a lowtemperature,thermal alkaline hydrolysis process patented by Lystek International inc.(Cambridge,ON,Canada)to produce short-chain volatile fatty acids and other readily biodegradable *** sequencing batch reactors(SBRs)were operated with synthetic volatile fatty acids(Syn VFA)and readily biodegradable organics produced from the alkaline hydrolysis of municipal wastewater biosolids(Lystek)as the carbon source,*** wastewaters with different strengths and COD:N:P ratios were tested in the *** reactors’performances were compared with respect to nitrogen and phosphorus *** was observed that phosphorus removal efficiencies were between 98%–99%and 90%–97%and nitrogen removal efficiencies were 78%–81%,and 67%for the Syn VFA and Lystek,***,the kinetics for phosphorus release and uptake during the anaerobic and aerobic stages with Lystek were observed to be significantly lower than Syn VFA due to the presence of higher order VFAs(C4 and above)and other fermentable organics in the Lystek.

关键词： Alternative carbon source biological nutrient removal Organic resource recovery Biosolids application Phosphorus accumulating organisms

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