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Investigating the effect of volatility on the hygroscopicities of acetate nanoparticle aerosols by surface plasmon resonance microscopy

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 167-178页

作者： Bo Yang Zhibo Xie Jianguo Liu Huaqiao Gui Jiaoshi Zhang Xiuli Wei Zetao Fan Douguo Zhang Key Laboratory of environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026China CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province Department of Optics and Optical EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Under high relative humidity(RH)conditions,the release of volatile components(such as acetate)has a significant impact on the aerosol *** this work,one surface plasmon resonance microscopy(SPRM)measurement system was introduced to determine the hygroscopic growth factors(GFs)of three acetate aerosols separately or mixed with glucose at different *** Ca(CH_(3)COO)_(2) or Mg(CH_(3)COO)_(2) aerosols,the hygroscopic growth trend of each time was lower than that of the previous time in three cyclic humidification from 70% RH to 90% RH,which may be due to the volatility of acetic acid leading to the formation of insoluble hydroxide(Ca(OH)_(2) or Mg(OH)_(2))under high RH *** the third calculated GF(using the Zdanovskii-Stokes-Robinson method)for Ca(CH_(3)COO)_(2) or Mg(CH_(3)COO)_(2) in bicomponent aerosols with 1:1 mass ratio were 3.20% or 5.33% lower than that of the first calculated GF at 90% *** calculated results also showed that the hygroscopicity change of bicomponent aerosol was negatively correlated with glucose content,especially when the mass ratio of Mg(CH_(3)COO)_(2) to glucose was 1:2,the GF at 90% RH only decreased by4.67% after three cyclic *** coupled plasma atomic emission spectrum(ICP-AES)based measurements also indicated that the changes of Mg^(2+)concentration in bicomponent was lower than that of the *** results of this study reveal thatduring the efflorescence transitions of atmospheric nanoparticles,the organic acids diffusion rate may be inhibited by the coating effect of neutral organic components,and the particles aging cycle will be prolonged.

关键词： Hygroscopic growth Volatility Acetate aerosols Nanoparticle aerosol Surface plasmon resonance

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Vapor-phase postsynthetic amination of hypercrosslinked polymers for efficient iodine capture

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 320-325页

作者： Pengcheng Su Shizheng Chen Zhihong Yang Ningning Zhong Chenzi Jiang Wanbin Li School of Materials and Chemical Engineering Anhui Jianzhu UniversityHefei 230026China School of environment Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Jiangsu environmental Protection Group Nantong Co. Ltd.Nantong 226010China

Hypercrosslinked polymers(HCPs)with large surface areas,high intrinsic porosities and low production costs may be available platforms for iodine ***,the lack of iodine-philicity binding sites limits their adsorption *** we use vapor-phase postsynthetic amination strategy to introduce electron-donating amino groups into the prefabricated HCPs for enhancing their iodine capture *** simple vapor-phase exposure,the halogen-containing HCPs can be grafted by amines through nucleophilic substitution toward chloro *** with the abundant amino groups and high porosities,the amino-functionalized porous polymers show substantially increased iodine adsorption capacity,about 221%as that of original one,accompanied by excellent *** investigations reveal the key roles of the electron-donor amino groups andπ-conjugated benzene rings along with structure characteristics of porous polymer frameworks in iodine ***,this vapor-phase amination strategy shows good generality and can be extended to various amines,e.g.,ethylenediamine,1,3-diaminopropane and *** work proves that this simple vapor-phase postsynthetic functionalization strategy may be applied in other porous polymers with wide application prospects in adsorption,separation and storage.

关键词： Porous polymers Postsynthetic amination Hypercrosslinked polymers Vapor-phase grafting Iodine capture

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Sustainable Resource Use in Enhancing Agricultural Development in China

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Engineering 2018年第5期4卷 588-589页

作者： Jianbo Shen Fusuo Zhang Kadambot H.M. Siddique National Academy of Agriculture Green Development Center for Resources Environment and Food Security College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China Hackett professor and director of the UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6001 Australia

1. IntroductionChina is entering an impressive era of grain production since its reform and opening up in 1978. At present, China feeds 22% of the world population with only 9% of the world＇s arable land [1]. Thus, China has become a leader in the global fight against hunger[2] . Grain production has increased dramatically, from about 3 × 10^8t in 1978 to 6.21 × 10^8t in 2016, which is an annual increase rate of 9% [3].

关键词：改革开放中国粮食安全农业

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Projected impacts of climate change and anthropogenic effects on habitat distribution of endangered Javan Hawk-Eagle in Indonesia

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 241-250页

作者： Syartinilia Aryo Adhi Condro Satoshi Tsuyuki Department of Landscape Architecture Faculty of AgricultureIPB University(Bogor Agricultural University)Bogor 16680Indonesia International Research Institute for environment and Climate Change-IPB University Collaborative Research CentreBogor 16128Indonesia Rainforest Alliance DenpasarBali 80227Indonesia Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoTokyo 113-8657Japan

Changing climate will jeopardize biodiversity,particularly the geographic distribution of endemic *** such species is the Javan Hawk-Eagle(JHE,Nisaetus bartelsi),a charismatic raptor found only on Java Island,***,it is crucial to develop an appropriate conservation strategy to preserve the *** niche modeling is considered a valuable tool for designing conservation plans for the *** provide an ecological niche modeling approach and transfer its model to future climate scenarios for the *** utilize various machine learning algorithms under sustainability and business-as-usual(BAU)scenarios for ***,we investigate the conservation vulnerability of the JHE,capturing multifaceted pressures on the species from climate dissimilarities and human disturbance *** study reveals that the ensemble model performs exceptionally well,with temperature emerging as the most critical factor affecting the JHE *** finding indicates that climate change will have a significant impact on the JHE *** results suggest that the JHE distribution will likely decrease by 28.41%and 40.16%from the current JHE distribution under sustainability and BAU scenarios,***,our study reveals high-potential refugia for future JHE,covering 7,596 km^(2)(61%)under the sustainability scenario and only 4,403 km^(2)(35%)under the BAU ***,effective management and planning,including habitat restoration,refugia preservation,habitat connectivity,and local community inclusivity,should be well-managed to achieve JHE conservation targets.

关键词： Climate change Ecological niche Ensemble model Refugia Javan Hawk-Eagle

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AI Fairness-From Machine Learning to Federated Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1203-1215页

作者： Lalit Mohan Patnaik Wenfeng Wang Consciousness Studies Program School of HumanitiesNational Institute of Advanced StudiesBangalore560012India Research Institute of Intelligent Engineering and Data Applications Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai201418China Research Center of Ecology and environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China Applied Nonlinear Science Lab Anand International College of EngineeringJaipur391320India London Institute of Technology The ASE-London CTI of SCOLondonCR26EQUK Sino-Indian Joint Research Center of AI and Robotics The IMT InstituteBhubaneswar752054India

This article reviews the theory of fairness in AI-frommachine learning to federated learning,where the constraints on precision AI fairness and perspective solutions are also *** a reliable and quantitative evaluation of AI fairness,many associated concepts have been proposed,formulated and ***,the inexplicability of machine learning systems makes it almost impossible to include all necessary details in the modelling stage to ensure *** privacy worries induce the data unfairness and hence,the biases in the datasets for evaluating AI fairness are *** imbalance between algorithms’utility and humanization has further reinforced *** for federated learning systems,these constraints on precision AI fairness still *** solution is to reconcile the federated learning processes and reduce biases and imbalances accordingly.

关键词： Formulation evaluation classification constraints imbalance biases

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New Changes and New Challenges

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Contemporary International Relations 2006年第5期16卷 16-37页

作者： Yuan Peng Research professor and Deputy director of the Institute of American Studies CICIR

The current Sino-U. S. relations have shown a very complex and dynamic look. Cooperation and friction between the two countries are increasing simultaneously. On the one hand, cooperation and consensus between the two sides in regards of counter-terrorism, nonproliferation, management of North Korea nuclear crisis, promotion of UN reform, and prevention of bird flu are on the increase. On the other hand, friction and even confrontation intensified over the issues like the Chinese oil company CNOOC＇s bid for Unocal,

关键词：中美关系中国美国联合国对华政策国家利益

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Improving the Equity and Sustainability of the Social Protection System

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China Economist 2011年第2期6卷 40-50页

作者：朱玲 professor and Deputy director Institute of Economics Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

The segmentation of the social protection system in China renders the system not only inequitable but *** employed in the public sector,particularly civil servants,are＂overprotected＂,while workers in the non-public sector,especially farmers and rural migrant workers,are＂under-protected＂.The segmented pension system impedes labor mobility while increasing administrative *** aimed at developing the new rural cooperative medical system and new rural old-age insurance scheme,as well as policies aimed at encouraging migrant workers to participate in urban social insurance programs,help improve the equity of social ***,competition between different local governments to win the ＂welfae crown＂ and the heavy brden placed on local finance caused by welface overspending has been hurting the sustainability of social protection *** following measures are suggested to address these problems;First,cease using social insurance coverage as an indicator of work performance for government officials;second,enhance the responsibility of the central government in social expenditure while increasing public transfers to less-developed regions in order to improve social assistance and merit goods provision;third,integrate or reorganized various sgements into one entity under each insurance program,with the purpose of eventually eliminating the segmentation problem in China＇s social protection system.

关键词： social protection equity sustainability poverty reduction

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China’s Foreign Strategy:Constantly Deepening and Broadening

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Contemporary International Relations 2010年第2期20卷 79-95页

作者： Wei Zonglei Fu Yu Research professor and Deputy director at the Institute of World Political Studies CICIR

China has been constantly deepening and broadening foreign strategy in accordance with the changes of the world situation. With the Fourth Plenary Session of the Seventeenth CPC Central Committee, the Eleventh Diplomatic Envoy Conference and the Central Economic working Conference as opportunities, the CPC Central Committee has made a series of new explanations and judgements on China’s foreign strategy in the new era. China’s external work has also entered a new period of great development. China has made substantial progress in countering the international financial crisis, promoting global issues such as climate change, maintaining the steady development of relations with major global powers and solidifying its strategy of reliance on surrounding countries. China’s international status and influence has scaled new heights.

关键词：中国经济工作金融危机气候变化周边国家中央国际

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Northeast Asian Community Building: What Needs to Be Done?

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China & World Economy 2005年第6期13卷 66-79页

作者： Yunling Zhang professor and director of Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

The aim of the Northeast Asian community building is to create an environment for living together peacefully and for realizing prosperity through cooperation. Economically, a community will integrate regional economies and share great interests for common prosperity. Politically, a community will stabilize the region with trust and cooperation. In terms of security, a community will realize the lasting peace of the region. The three economies of China, Japan, and the ROK account for a vast majority of Northeast Asia＇s regional economy. China and the ROK are two key players in the Northeast Asian community building. China-ROK cooperation will be helpful for China-Japan relations that now appear to be in a difficult situation. Northeast Asian economic cooperation has developed into a multi-layered structure both in institutional and non-institutional ways. In order to build the Northeast Asian community, those three countries must first improve and make three close bilateral relationships. However, Northeast Asian community building should not just include China, Japan, and the ROK. The DPRK, Mongolia, and also Russia should be engaged as early as possible. Northeast Asian community is a vision and also a dream that needs great efforts to be realized by both a good spirit and real actions.

关键词： economic integration Northeast Asian community three bilateral relations parallel cooperation movement

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Assessing Obama's China Policy

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Contemporary International Relations 2009年第A2期19卷 103-113页

作者： Yuan Peng a Research professor and director of the Institute of American Studies CICIR. Ma Zongshi

This paper addresses the hot topic of change and continuity in Obama’s China policy together with the accompanying new opportunities and *** the strong driving force for bilateral bonds,the new president will inherit to a large extent the positive China policy of his *** will continue to stress the China relationship as"the most important bilateral bond in the 21st century"and work toward a"more active and constructive"in-depth partnership in all *** basic framework for such constructive collaboration will not be *** some new developments have brought about hidden concerns.

关键词： bilateral president challenges collaboration conti

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