In developing apple fruit,metabolic compartmentation is poorly understood due to the lack of experimental *** subcellular compartments in fruit using non-aqueous fractionation has been technically difficult due to the...
详细信息
In developing apple fruit,metabolic compartmentation is poorly understood due to the lack of experimental *** subcellular compartments in fruit using non-aqueous fractionation has been technically difficult due to the excess amount of sugars present in the different subcellular compartments limiting the resolution of the *** work described in this study represents the first attempt to apply non-aqueous fractionation to developing apple fruit,covering the major events occurring during fruit development(cell division,cell expansion,and maturation).Here we describe the non-aqueous fractionation method to study the subcellular compartmentation of metabolites during apple fruit development considering three main cellular compartments(cytosol,plastids,and vacuole).Evidence is presented that most of the sugars and organic acids were predominantly located in the vacuole,whereas some of the amino acids were distributed between the cytosol and the *** results showed a shift in the plastid marker from the lightest fractions in the early growth stage to the dense fractions in the later fruit growth *** implies that the accumulation of starch content with progressing fruit development substantially influenced the distribution of plastidial fragments within the non-aqueous density gradient *** from this study provide substantial baseline information on assessing the subcellular compartmentation of metabolites in apple fruit in general and during fruit growth in particular.
To elucidate the physiology underlying the development of superficial scald in pears,susceptible“Blanquilla”fruit was treated with different compounds that either promoted(ethylene)or repressed(1-methylcyclopropene ...
详细信息
To elucidate the physiology underlying the development of superficial scald in pears,susceptible“Blanquilla”fruit was treated with different compounds that either promoted(ethylene)or repressed(1-methylcyclopropene and lovastatin)the incidence of this disorder after 4 months of cold *** data show that scald was negligible for the fruit treated with 1-methylcyclopropene or lovastatin,but highly manifested in untreated(78%incidence)or ethylenetreated fruit(97%incidence).The comparison between the fruit metabolomic profile and transcriptome evidenced a distinct reprogramming associated with each *** all treated samples,cold storage led to an activation of a cold-acclimation-resistance mechanism,including the biosynthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids,which was especially evident in 1-methylcyclopropane-treated *** the treatments applied,only 1-methylcyclopropene inhibited ethylene production,hence supporting the involvement of this hormone in the development of ***,a common repression effect on the PPO gene combined with higher sorbitol content was found for both lovastatin and 1-methylcyclopropene-treated samples,suggesting also a non-ethylene-mediated process preventing the development of this *** results presented in this work represent a step forward to better understand the physiological mechanisms governing the etiology of superficial scald in pears.
In order to develop simple and adaptable measures to reduce the impact of changing climatic conditions and poor postharvest practices on grain quality, data on temperature and postharvest practices were collected and ...
详细信息
In order to develop simple and adaptable measures to reduce the impact of changing climatic conditions and poor postharvest practices on grain quality, data on temperature and postharvest practices were collected and correlated with physical grain quality parameters for 3 rice development hubs (Ndop, Lagdo and Mbam) in Cameroon. Inter-annual variations in temperature and thermal amplitudes were the highest in Ndop followed by Mbam and the least in Lagdo. When the same rice variety was grown in the hubs and milled with a laboratory hand dehusker, the mean chalky score was highest in Ndop (18%) and least in Mbam (11%). In addition, Ndop recorded higher grain fissures and broken fractions compared to Mbam or Lagdo. Positive correlations were observed between thermal amplitudes, grain fissures and the proportion of broken fractions. However, rice milled using commercial mills located in the hubs recorded the highest broken fractions in Mbam (54% - 63%), followed by Lagdo (43% - 52%) and the least in Ndop (35% - 38%). The type of mills in the hubs was responsible for these differences as Mbam had only Engelberg types mills that recorded higher broken fractions than in Ndop where only rubber roll mills were present (P postharvest practices on the physical quality of rice especially in sub-Saharan African countries.
Various ber cultivars differ grearly from each other-with regard to physio-chemical characteristics,some are superior for one character while others are best for another *** No.9 showed largest fruit size,maximum frui...
详细信息
Various ber cultivars differ grearly from each other-with regard to physio-chemical characteristics,some are superior for one character while others are best for another *** No.9 showed largest fruit size,maximum fruit weight and best keeping *** variety was also found best for better seed/pulp *** variety Khathi mithi was found best for organoleptic values and non reducing *** variety was found superior to other varieties when evaluated for total soluble solid,acidity,ascorbic acid and reducing sugars.
Mango fruits(***)were treated with 2,4-D(50,l00 ppm)and Cycocel(250,500 ppm)during two *** were subjected to biochemical analyses upto 16th days of storage after 4 days interval.2,4-D(50 ppm)and Cycocel(500 ppm)caused...
详细信息
Mango fruits(***)were treated with 2,4-D(50,l00 ppm)and Cycocel(250,500 ppm)during two *** were subjected to biochemical analyses upto 16th days of storage after 4 days interval.2,4-D(50 ppm)and Cycocel(500 ppm)caused continuous increase in total soluble solids and total sugars through out storage period while a decline was noticed in other treatments for these parameters.2,4-D(50 ppm)helped in retension of more acidity and vitamin C compared to all other treatments during storage period.
Objectives:Tomato is a popular fruit that makes significant contributions to human nutrition for its content of sugars,acids,vitamins,minerals,lycopene,and other *** fruit,however,has a short shelf life due to its cli...
详细信息
Objectives:Tomato is a popular fruit that makes significant contributions to human nutrition for its content of sugars,acids,vitamins,minerals,lycopene,and other *** fruit,however,has a short shelf life due to its climacteric *** view of this,an experiment was conducted to determine the effect of postharvest treatment on the physicochemical properties of fresh tomato *** and Methods:Freshly harvested tomato fruits were subjected to 0,1,2,3,and 4 kGy gamma radiation and stored at 10±1℃ and 28±1℃.Parameters analysed during the study include pH,total titratable acidity,weight loss,total solids,and moisture content of the ***:At both storage temperatures,results of the analyses were in the range of 2.80%-38.67%for weight loss,0.23%-0.51% for total titratable acidity,3.5%-5.0% for total soluble solids,94.43%-96.53% for moisture content,and pH was generally low in the samples stored at 10±1℃.Generally,gamma irradiation had an effect on the total soluble solids,total titratable acids,pH values,and moisture content and physiological weight loss at both storage ***:From the study,storing Burkina variety at a low temperature preserves the tomato fruits better than storing them at ambient temperature.
Degradation of pesticide residues (chlorpyrifos and fipronil) in rice from farm to fork and risk assessment for human health were studied to reveal the magnitude of risks faced by different populations of interest, ...
详细信息
Degradation of pesticide residues (chlorpyrifos and fipronil) in rice from farm to fork and risk assessment for human health were studied to reveal the magnitude of risks faced by different populations of interest, so that appropriate measures can be taken to control the risks, and to refine and update the human health risk assessment data while helping to determine the maximum residue level (MRL) value and harvest interval. Different dosages and treatments were used in field trials for the harvest residue test. Residue levels of postharvest-applied chlorpyrifos and fipronil during storage, exposure to sunlight, washing and boiling processes (boiled rice) were investigated for brown rice. The dietary exposure evaluation model (DEEM) was employed to estimate acute and chronic risks faced by different populations of interest. Percent of reference dose (POR) and margin of exposure (MOE) were calculated. A positive correlation between pesticide residues and the dosage and application frequency of pesticide was found in the field trials. Risk quotients indicate that multiple applications and double dosages of chlorpyrifos increase the risks to the entire population and prolong exposures to toxic concentrations. The concentration of pesticide residues decreased as a function of time, after sunlight exposure, storage, washing, and boiling processes. 91.6 and 96.16% degradations were achieved at the end of the experimental period for fipronil and chlorpyrifos, respectively. The boiling process played an important role in the degradation of these pesticides. The result of risk assessment to human health showed that harvest residues of chlorpyrifos in rice and acute dietary risks of chlopyrifos were of concern. The acute dietary (food only) risk estimated for chlorpyrifos as percent of acute population adjusted dose (aPAD) was frequently over 100%. The risk faced by boys under the age of 14 was higher than that for girls of the same age. For the subpopulation above age 14, th
Senescence leads to declines in fruit quality and shortening of shelf *** is known that low temperatures(LTs)efficiently delay fruit senescence and that high temperatures(HTs)accelerate ***,the molecular mechanism by ...
详细信息
Senescence leads to declines in fruit quality and shortening of shelf *** is known that low temperatures(LTs)efficiently delay fruit senescence and that high temperatures(HTs)accelerate ***,the molecular mechanism by which temperature affects senescence is ***,through multiomics analyses of fruits subjected to postharvest HT,LT,and room temperature treatments,a total of 56 metabolic compounds and 700 mRNAs were identified to be associated with fruit senescence under HT or LT *** compounds could be divided into antisenescent(I→III)and prosenescent(IV→VI)*** affected the expression of 202 mRNAs to enhance the biosynthesis of prosenescent compounds of types V and VI and to inhibit the accumulation of antisenescent compounds of types II and *** affected the expression of 530 mRNAs to promote the accumulation of antisenescent compounds of types I and II and to impede the biosynthesis of prosenescent compounds of types IV and ***,16 microRNAs were isolated in response to HT or LT conditions and interacted with the mRNAs associated with fruit senescence under HT or LT *** transformation of pear fruit showed that one of these microRNAs,Novel_188,can mediate fruit senescence by interacting with its target ***,both HT and LT conditions can affect fruit senescence by affecting microRNA–mRNA interactions,but the molecular networks are different in pear fruit.
To decipher the transcriptomic regulation of the on-tree fruit maturation in pear cv.‘Abate Fetel’,a RNA-seq transcription analysis identified 8939 genes differentially expressed across four harvesting *** genes wer...
详细信息
To decipher the transcriptomic regulation of the on-tree fruit maturation in pear cv.‘Abate Fetel’,a RNA-seq transcription analysis identified 8939 genes differentially expressed across four harvesting *** genes were grouped into 11 SOTA clusters based on their transcriptional pattern,of which three included genes upregulated while the other four were represented by downregulated *** ripening was furthermore investigated after 1 month of postharvest cold *** most important variation in fruit firmness,production of ethylene and volatile organic compounds were observed after 5 days of shelf-life at room temperature following cold *** role of ethylene in controlling the ripening of‘Abate Fetel’pears was furthermore investigated through the application of 1-methylcyclopropene,which efficiently delayed the progression of ripening by reducing fruit softening and repressing both ethylene and volatile *** physiological response of the interference at the ethylene receptor level was moreover unraveled investigating the expression pattern of 12 candidate genes,initially selected to validate the RNA-seq *** analysis confirmed the effective role of the ethylene competitor in downregulating the expression of cell wall(PG)and ethylene-related genes(ACS,ACO,ERS1,and ERS2),as well as inducing one element involved in the auxin signaling pathway(Aux/IAA),highlighting a possible cross-talk between these two *** expression patterns of these six elements suggest their use as molecular toolkit to monitor at molecular level the progression of the fruit on-tree maturation and postharvest ripening.
One of the most promising tools for the control of fungal plant diseases is spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS).In SIGS,small interfering RNA(siRNA)or double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)targeting essential or virulence-related ...
详细信息
One of the most promising tools for the control of fungal plant diseases is spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS).In SIGS,small interfering RNA(siRNA)or double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)targeting essential or virulence-related pathogen genes are exogenously applied to plants and postharvest products to trigger RNA interference(RNAi)of the targeted genes,inhibiting fungal growth and ***,SIGS is limited by the unstable nature of RNA under environmental *** use of layered double hydroxide or clay particles as carriers to deliver biologically active dsRNA,a formulation termed BioClay^(TM),can enhance RNA durability on plants,prolonging its activity against ***,we demonstrate that dsRNA delivered as BioClay can prolong protection against Botrytis cinerea,a major plant fungal pathogen,on tomato leaves and fruit and on mature chickpea *** increased the protection window from 1 to 3 weeks on tomato leaves and from 5 to 10 days on tomato fruits,when compared with naked *** flowering chickpea plants,BioClay provided prolonged protection for up to 4 weeks,covering the critical period of poding,whereas naked dsRNA provided limited *** research represents a major step forward for the adoption of SIGS as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional fungicides.
暂无评论