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Antimutagenic potential of curcumin on chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2007年第7期8卷 470-475页

作者： RAGUNATHAN Irulappan PANNEERSELVAM Natarajan Research Centre and postgraduate Studies in botany the Madura College Madurai-625 011 Tamil Nadu India

Turmeric has long been used as a spice and food colouring agent in Asia. In the present investigation, the antimutagenic potential of curcumin was evaluated in Allium cepa root meristem cells. So far there is no report on the biological properties of curcumin in plant test systems. The root tip cells were treated with sodium azide at 200 and 300 μg/ml for 3 h and curcumin was given at 5, 10 and 20 μg/ml for 16 h, prior to sodium azide treatment. The tips were squashed after colchicine treatment and the cells were analyzed for chromosome aberration and mitotic index. Curcumin induces chromosomal aberration in Allium cepa root tip cells in an insignificant manner, when compared with untreated control. Sodium azide alone induces chromosomal aberrations significantly with increasing concentrations. The total number of aberrations was significantly reduced in root tip cells pretreated with curcumin. The study reveals that curcumin has antimutagenic potential against sodium azide induced chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa root meristem cells. In addition, it showed mild cytotoxicity by reducing the percentage of mitotic index in all curcumin treated groups, but the mechanism of action remains unknown. The antimutagenic potential of curcumin is effective at 5 μg/ml in Allium cepa root meristem cells.

关键词： Chromosomal aberrations Sodium azide Genotoxicity Allium cepa

Review of Albanian studies suggests the need for further efforts to counteract significant hepatitis B virus prevalence

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 111-119页

作者： Jerina Jaho Fatjona Kamberi Enkeleint A Mechili Agreta Bicaj Paola Carnì Leonardo Baiocchi Faculty of Health University of Vlore“Ismail Qemali”Vlore 9400Albania department of Hepatology University of Tor VergataRome 00133Italy postgraduate School in Gastroenterology Our Lady of Good Counsel UniversityTirana 1001Albania Faculty of Medicine Our Lady of Good Counsel UniversityTirana 1001Albania

BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus(HBV)is categorized as one of the smallest enveloped DNA viruses and is the prototypical virus of the Hepatoviridae *** is usually transmitted through body fluids such as blood,semen,and vaginal *** majority(more than 95%)of immunocompetent adults infected with HBV spontaneously clear the *** the context of the high prevalence of HBV infection in Albania,the research gap is characterized by the lack of studies aimed at advancing the current understanding and improving the prevailing *** main objective of this study was to address the low rate of HBV diagnosis and the lack of a comprehensive national program to facilitate widespread *** To analyze the prevalence of HBV infection in Albania and elucidate the persistently high prevalence despite efforts and measures *** Using a systematic literature review,we collected existing research on the epidemiology of HBV in Albania from PubMed,Cochrane Library,Google Scholar,and Albanian Medical Journals,focusing on studies published after the 1980s and conducted solely in the Albanian *** The findings reveal a dynamic shift in HBV prevalence in Albania over several *** high,the prevalence gradually declined following the implementation of screening and vaccination ***,the prevalence rates have remained notably high,exceeding 8%in recent *** factors include vertical transmission,inadequate healthcare infrastructure,and challenges in screening and *** among Albanian refugees in neighboring countries also reported high prevalence rates,emphasizing the need for transnational *** advancements in screening,vaccination,and healthcare infrastructure,Albania continues to face a substantial burden of HBV *** The persistence of high prevalence underscores the complexity of the issue,requiring ongoing efforts to ensure a comprehensive understand

关键词： Albania Hepatitis B virus Epidemiology Vaccination Systematic review

Antioxidants Enzymes Activities and NO Levels in Hemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis—A Comparative Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 50-59页

作者： Natalia Cristina Aparecida Ribeiro e Ribeiro Anderson Martins Tavares Jaslana Hainfellner da Silva João Paulo Lima Daher Salim Kanaan Luciene de Carvalho Cardoso-Weide Laboratory of Neuroplasticity Neurobiology Department Biology Institute Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences School of Medicine Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil School of Biology UNIVERSO—Salgado de Oliveira University Rio de Janeiro Brazil department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil

It consists of a retrospective study with twenty-two individuals diagnosed with DRC: fourteen HD and eight CAPD, followed up in the dialysis center of Antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP) of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), between 2015 and 2017. Fifteen healthy control (HC) subjects were included, without diagnosed CKD. Patients with HIV positive, hepatitis A, B, and C, pregnant, cancer, smokers, alcoholics and those exposed to X-rays in the last 3 months, were excluded. Objectives: As oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction may be linked to the higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients, we measured the activities of the antioxidants enzymes: SOD and GPx and total NO levels in the plasma and serum of end-stage CKD patients undergoing dialysis therapy, comparing with the HC group. Methods: Quantification of NO levels was performed by fluorometric kit, while activities of SOD and GPx were determined using kinetic methods. Results: We found higher plasma SOD activity in HD (8.58 U/ml) and CAPD (10.14 U/ml), compared to C (3.73 U/ml) group, while GPx activity was decreased in HD (115.38 nmol/h/ml) and CAPD (122.76 nmol/h/ml) groups compared to HC group (275.83 nmol/h/ml). Total serum NO concentration was decreased in HD (14.09 pmol/μl) and CAPD (10.26 pmol/μl), compared to non-CKD patients (49.65 pmol/μl). Conclusion: Decreased total serum NO and GPx activities may lead to endothelial dysfunction and consequently a higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients.

关键词： Hemodialysis CAPD SOD GPx NO

Investigation of Pb(Ⅱ)bioremediation potential of algae and cyanobacteria strains isolated from polluted water

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Water Science and Engineering 2022年第3期15卷 237-246页

作者： W.G.Madusha Lakmali A.D.Sarangi N.P.Athukorala Keerthi B.Jayasundera department of botany Faculty of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka postgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka

Algae and cyanobacteria are known to be able to remove a variety of pollutants from water,including toxic metal *** this study,algal and cyanobacterial species growing in two polluted water bodies were identified,and the Pb(Ⅱ)removal ability of these isolated species was *** on microscopic observations,27 species were identified,and nine species were isolated as pure ***(Ⅱ)bioremediation of five selected species(Anacystis sp.,Chlorella sp.1,Monoraphidium sp.,Phormidium sp.,and Uronema sp.)was studied in *** mean Pb(Ⅱ)removal abilities varied among these five species:Phormidium sp.>Monoraphidium sp.>Uronema sp.>Chlorella sp.1>Anacystis *** Pb(Ⅱ)tolerance of each species was determined based on the live cell percentage and biofilm formation *** a period of 3 d,Phormidium sp.,Monoraphidium sp.,and Uronema *** nearly 90%of survival,and all five species demonstrated biofilm formation capacities exceeding 50%.Furthermore,the Pb(Ⅱ)removal ability of the five species exhibited a strong positive correlation with the live cell percentage and showed a strong negative correlation with the biofilm formation *** conclusion,Phormidium sp.,Monoraphidium sp.,and Uronema *** high tolerances towards Pb(Ⅱ)and presented high removal ***,these species can be identified as potential sorbents for development of suitable adsorption systems to remove Pb(Ⅱ)from aqueous solutions.

关键词： Algae Toxic metals Isolation Bio-removal Biofilm formation

Dominating expression of negative regulatory factors downmodulates major histocompatibility complex Class-Ⅱexpression on dendritic cells in chronic hepatitis C infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第22期22卷 5173-5182页

作者： Shallu Tomer Yogesh K Chawla Ajay Duseja Sunil K Arora department of Immunopathology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research department of Hepatology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

AIM: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms leading to development of functionally impaired dendritic cells(DCs) in chronic hepatitis C(CHC) patients infected with genotype 3 ***: This prospective study was conducted on the cohorts of CHC individuals identified as responders or non-responders to antiviral therapy. Myeloid DCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of each subject using CD1c(BDCA1)+ DC isolation Kit. Monocytes from healthy donor were cultured with DC growth factors such as IL-4 and GM-CSF either in the presence or absence of hepatitis C virus(HCV) viral proteins followed by LPS stimulation. Phenotyping was done by flowcytometry and gene expression profiling was evaluated by real-time ***: Non-responders [sustained virological response(SVR)-ve] to conventional antiviral therapy had significantly higher expression of genes associated with interferon responsive element such as IDO1 and PD-L1(6-fold) and negative regulators of JAK-STAT pathway such as SOCS(6-fold) as compared to responders(SVR+ve) to antiviral therapy. The downregulated genes in non-responders included factors involved in antigen processing and presentation mainly belonging to major histocompatibility complex(MHC) Class-Ⅱ family as HLA-DP, HLA-DQ(2-fold) and superoxide dismutase(2-fold). Cells grown in the presence of HCV viral proteins had genes downregulated for factors involved in innate response, interferon signaling, DC maturation and co-stimulatory signaling to T-cells, while the genes for cytokine signaling and Toll-like receptors(4-fold) were upregulated as compared to cells grown in absence of viral ***: Underexpressed MHC class-Ⅱ genes and upregulated negative regulators in non-responders indicate diminished capacity to present antigen and may constitute mechanism of functionally defective state of DCs.

关键词： Dendritic cells Hepatitis C Non-responders Negative regulators Major histocompatibility complex Class-Ⅱ genes

Risk assessment of high-speed railway CTC system based on improved game theory and cloud model

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Railway Sciences 2024年第3期3卷 388-410页

作者： Yanhao Sun Tao Zhang Shuxin Ding Zhiming Yuan Shengliang Yang Signal and Communication Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijingChina Traffic Management Laboratory for High-Speed Railway National Engineering Research Center of System Technology for High-Speed Railway and Urban Rail TransitBeijingChina Signal and Telecommunication department China Railway Chengdu Group Company LimitedChengduChina postgraduate department China Academy of Railway SciencesBeijingChina

Purpose-In order to solve the problem of inaccurate calculation of index weights,subjectivity and uncertainty of index assessment in the risk assessment process,this study aims to propose a scientific and reasonable centralized traffic control(CTC)system risk assessment ***/methodologylapproach-First,system-theoretic process analysis(STPA)is used to conduct risk analysis on the CTC system and constructs risk assessment indexes based on this ***,to enhance the accuracy of weight calculation,the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process(FAHP),fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(FDEMATEL)and entropy weight method are employed to calculate the subjective weight,relative weight and objective weight of each *** three types of weights are combined using game theory to obtain the combined weight for each *** reduce subjectivity and uncertainty in the assessment process,the backward cloud generator method is utilized to obtain the numerical character(NC)of the cloud model for each *** NCs of the indexes are then weighted to derive the comprehensive cloud for risk assessment of the CTC *** cloud model is used to obtain the CTC system's comprehensive risk *** model's similarity measurement method gauges the likeness between the comprehensive risk assessment cloud and the risk standard ***,this process yields the risk assessment results for the CTC ***-The cloud model can handle the subjectivity and fuzziness in the risk assessment process *** cloud model-based risk assessment method was applied to the CTC system risk assessment of a railway group and achieved good ***/value-This study provides a cloud model-based method for risk assessment of CTC systems,which accurately calculates the weight of risk indexes and uses cloud models to reduce uncertainty and subjectivity in the assessment,achieving effective risk assessment of CTC *** can provide a reference and

关键词： High-speed railway Centralized traffic control Risk assessment Game theory Cloud model Paper type Research paper

Understanding the impact of HIV on mpox transmission in the MSM population: A mathematical modeling study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1117-1137页

作者： Andrew Omame Qing Han Sarafa A.Iyaniwura Adeniyi Ebenezer Nicola L.Bragazzi Xiaoying Wang Jude D.Kong Woldegebriel A.Woldegerima Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences Government College UniversityLahorePakistan Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics(LIAM) Department of Mathematics and StatisticsYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada Africa-Canada Artificial Intelligence and Data Innovation Consortium(ACADIC) Canada Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Theoretical DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA postgraduate School of Public Health Department of Health Sciences(DISSAL)University of Genoa16126GenoaItaly United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)Health Anthropology Biosphere and Healing SystemsUniversity of Genoa16126GenoaItaly department of Food and Drugs University of Parma43125ParmaItaly department of Mathematics Trent University PeterboroughOntarioCanada Artificial Intelligence&Mathematical Modeling Lab(AIMM Lab) Dalla Lana School of Public HealthUniversity of Toronto155 College St Room 500TorontoONM5T 3M7Canada department of Mathematics University of TorontoOntarioCanada Global South Artificial Intelligence for Pandemic and Epidemic Preparedness and Response Network(AI4PEP) Canada department of Mathematics Federal University of TechnologyOwerriNigeria

The recent mpox outbreak(in 2022e2023)has different clinical and epidemiological features compared with previous outbreaks of the *** this outbreak,sexual contact was believed to be the primary transmission route of the *** addition,the community of men having sex with men(MSM)was disproportionately affected by the *** population is also disproportionately affected by HIV *** that both diseases can be transmitted sexually,the endemicity of HIV,and the high sexual behavior associated with the MSM community,it is essential to understand the effect of the two diseases spreading simultaneously in an MSM ***,we aim to understand the potential effects of HIV on an mpox outbreak in the MSM *** develop a mechanistic mathematical model of HIV and mpox *** model incorporates the dynamics of both diseases and considers HIV treatment with antiretroviral therapy(ART).In addition,we consider a potential scenario where HIV infection increases susceptibility to mpox,and investigate the potential impact of this mechanism on mpox *** analysis shows that HIV can facilitate the spread of mpox in an MSM population,and that HIV treatment with ART may not be sufficient to control the spread of mpox in the ***,we showed that a moderate use of condoms or reduction in sexual contact in the population combined with ART is beneficial in controlling mpox *** on our analysis,it is evident that effective control of HIV,specifically through substantial ART use,moderate condom compliance,and reduction in sexual contact,is imperative for curtailing the transmission of mpox in an MSM population and mitigating the compounding impact of these intertwined epidemics.

关键词： HIV-mpox co-infection Infectious disease modeling Invasion reproduction number Control reproduction number sensitivity analysis MSM

Thermal fronts and cross-frontal heat flux in the southern Huanghai Sea and the East China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第5期27卷 1-20页

作者： PARK Sunghyea CHU Peter C department of Oceanography Naval Postgraduate School

Synoptic features in/around thermal fronts and cross-frontal heat fluxes in the southern Huanghai./Yellow Sea and East China Sea （HES） were examined using the data collected from four airborne expendable bathythermograph surveys with horizontal approxmately 35 km and vertical 1 m（from the surface to 400 m deep） spacings. Since the fronts are strongly affected by HES current system, the synoptic thermal features in/around them represent the interaction of currents with surrounding water masses. These features can not be obtained from climatological data. The identified thermal features are listed as follows ：（ 1 ） multiple boundaries of cold water, asymmetric thermocline intrusion, locally-split front by homogeneous water of approxmately 18 ℃, and mergence of the front by the Taiwan Warm Current in/around summertime southern Cheju - Changjiang/Yangtze front and Tsushima front; （2） springtime frontal eddy-like feature around Tsushima front; （3） year-round cyclonic meandering and summertime temperature-inversion at the bottom of the surface mixed layer in Cheju - Tsushima front; and （4） multistructure of Kuroshio front. In the Kuroshio front the mean variance of vertical temperature gradient is an order of degree smaller than that in other HES fronts. The southern Cheju- Changjiang front and Cheju -Tsushima front are connected with each other in the summer with comparable cross-frontal temperature gradient. However, cross-frontal heat flux and lateral eddy diffusivity are stronger in the southern Cheju - Changjiang front. The cross-frontal heat exchange is the largest in the mixing zone between the modified Huanghai Sea bottom cold water and the Tsushima Warm Current, which is attributable to enhanced thermocline intrusions.

关键词： southern Huanghai Sea and East China Sea AXBT synoptic thermal front cross-frontal heat flux lateral eddy diffusivity

High-resolution multi-scale air pollution system:Evaluation of modelling performance and emission control strategies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 65-81页

作者： Diogo Lopes Joana Ferreira Sandra Rafael Ka In Hoi Xin Li Yuan Liu Ka-Veng Yuen Kai Meng Mok Ana Isabel Miranda department of Environment and Planning&CESAM University of AveiroAveiroPortugal department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacao SARChina

A high percentage of the world's population lives in areas where air pollutant concentrations exceed the World Health Organization *** work aims to develop and test,a high-resolution multi-scale air pollution modelling system by integrating a set of adequate *** system is able to provide detailed air pollutant concentrations in urban areas and support air quality management strategies through a better identification of different atmospheric *** also allows furthering the design and assessment of air pollution control measures for a specific *** evaluate its performance and suitability,the system was applied to the Macao Special Administrative Region(SAR),China,one of the most densely populated areas on earth,during a winter period when this area is affected by high levels of Particulate Matter(PM).Although the developed system tends to underestimate the PM concentrations,it revealed a good performance in reproducing the temporal and spatial air pollution *** exceedances of the Chinese air quality standards were calculated and high population exposure to PM pollution was *** tested urban atmospheric emission reduction scenarios have shown air quality improvements,indicating that emission reduction measures at urban level should focus on the domestic ***,it is crucial to implement joint pollution prevention strategies with neighbouring regions to improve the air quality in Macao *** approach developed in this work can support policymakers in defining new strategies to reduce atmospheric pollution in urban areas.

关键词： Urban areas High-resolution emission inventory Particulate matter Population exposure