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Phylogenetic relationships among Hystrix species and related species based on expressed sequence tag-polymerase chain reaction

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第1期49卷 65-71页

作者： Hisashi TSUJIMOTO laboratory of plant genetics and breeding Science Faculty of Agriculture Tottori University

Twelve species, including three Hystrix species, five Leymus species, Hordeum bogdanii, Pseudoroegneria spicata, Psathyrostachys huashanica, and Roegneria ciliaris, were used for expressed sequence tag-polymerase chain reaction (EST-PCR) assay. A total of 125 products were amplified by 72 sets of EST-PCR markers developed in barley, among which 106 (84.8%) products were found to be polymorphic. Each EST-PCR marker produced 0–6 polymorphic bands, with an average of 1.47. The relationship between H. duthiei ssp. duthiei and H. duthiei ssp. longearistata is close, but they are remote to H. patula. Hystrix duthiei ssp. duthiei and H. duthiei ssp. longearistata were clustered with Leymus species and Psathyrostachys huashanica, which suggested that they have close genetic relationships. The results of EST-PCR analysis are basically comparable with those obtained from studies on cytology, which indicated that EST-PCR can be used to assess the genetic relationships among the perennial species in Triticeae.

关键词： cluster analysis expressed sequence tag Hystrix molecular marker phylogenetic relationship.

Karyotyping and identifying all of the chromosomes of allopolyploid Brassica juncea using multicolor FISH

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The Crop Journal 2016年第4期4卷 266-274页

作者： Zhijun Xu Bei Xie Tian Wu Xiaoxia Xin Lingyu Mang Guangxuan Tan Zhiyong Xiong Potato Engineering &Technology Research Center Inner Mongolia University Key laboratory of plant genetics and molecular breeding Zhoukou Normal University

Chromosome identification and karyotype using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)provides a technical platform for genome and cytogenetic studies. Brassica juncea(brown mustard, 2n = 4× = 36; genome AABB) is an allopolyploid species that originated from a spontaneous hybridization of Brassica rapa and Brassica nigra and contains many valuable traits. In this study, a multicolor FISH procedure allowing the identification of all 18 chromosomal pairs was developed by two-step hybridizations with probes on the same metaphase chromosomes. The distribution patterns and chromosomal localizations of six repeat sequences(satellite repeat p Br STR, 5S r DNA, 45 S r DNA, B genome-specific repeat p BNBH35, and centromeric satellite repeats Cent Br1 and Cent Br2) on B. juncea chromosomes were *** karyotype analyses showed that the genome is relatively stable in comparison with its diploid progenitor species and revealed intraspecific karyotypic diversity among three accessions of B. juncea. This study provides valuable information about the genome evolution of B. juncea and a toolkit that will be helpful for chromosome identification.

关键词： Brassica juncea Karyotyping Fluorescence in situ hybridization Repetitive DNA sequence

Alteration of Terminal Heterochromatin and Chromosome Rearrangements in Derivatives of Wheat-Rye Hybrids

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Journal of genetics and Genomics 2013年第8期40卷 413-420页

作者： Shulan Fu Zhenling Lv Xiang Guo Xiangqi Zhang Fangpu Han State Key laboratory of plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Geneticsand Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of plant breeding and genetics Sichuan Agriculture University

Wheat-rye addition and substitution lines and their self progenies revealed variations in telomeric heterochromatin and centromeres, Furthermore, a mitotically unstable dicentric chromosome and stable multicentric chromosomes were observed in the progeny of a Chinese Spring-lmperial rye 3R addition line. An unstable multicentric chromosome was found in the progeny of a 6R/6D substitution line. Drastic variation of terminal heterochromatin including movement and disappearance of terminal heterochromatin occurred in the progeny of wheat- rye addition line 3R, and the 5RS ditelosomic addition line. Highly stable minichromosomes were observed in the progeny ofa monosomic 4R addition line, a ditelosomic 5RS addition line and a 6R/6D substitution line. Minichromosomes, with and without the FISH signals for telomeric DNA （TTTAGGG）n, derived from a monosomic 4R addition line are stable and transmissible to the next generation. The results indicated that centromeres and terminal heterochromatin can be profoundly altered in wheat-rye hybrid derivatives.

关键词： Wheat-Rye addition lines Chromosome rearrangements Multiple centromeres Minichromosomes Heterochromatin

A long noncoding RNA involved in rice reproductive development by negatively regulating osa-miR160

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Science Bulletin 2017年第7期62卷 470-475页

作者： Meng Wang Hua-Jun Wu Jun Fang Chengcai Chu Xiu-Jie Wang State Key laboratory of plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design BreedingChinese Academy of Sciences

Long noncoding RNAs （IncRNAs） participate in the regulation of multiple biological processes via diverse manners, one of which is functioning as endogenous target mimics （eTMs） to modulate microRNAs （miRNAs） by competing for their targets. Previously, we have predicted one IncRNA （osa-eTM160） as an endogenous repressor of osa-miR160 and validated the target mimicry ability of osa-eTM160 for ath-miR160 in Arabidopsis thaliana, yet the functions of osa-eTM160 in rice remain obscure. Here, we demonstrated that osa-eTM160 attenuated the repression of osa-miR160 on osa-ARF18 mRNAs during early anther developmental stages through the target mimicry manner, therefore to regulate rice seed setting and seed size. These findings revealed the roles of osa-eTM160 in rice, and indicated that lncRNAs with eTM functions may serve as temporal regulators to modulate the effects of miRNAs at specific developmental stages.

关键词： microRNA IncRNA miR160 Target mimic

SRG1,Encoding a Kinesin-4 Protein,Is an Important Factor for Determining Grain Shape in Rice

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Rice science 2018年第6期25卷 297-307页

作者： QIN Ran Delara AKHTER YANG Chengcong Ujjal Kumar NATH Jamal ESHAG JIN Xiaoli SHI Chunhai Department of Agronomy Zhejiang University Department of genetics and plant breeding Sylhet Agricultural University Department of genetics and plant breeding Bangladesh Agricultural University

Grain shape is one of the important agronomic traits, which is closely related to the yield of rice.A new rice mutant, named small and round grain(srg1), was isolated from an indica cultivar Zhenong 34 by ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS) mutagenesis. The microscopic analysis showed that the cell length of spikelet in srg1 was decreased compared with that in wild type(WT), which caused the grain length ***, the grains of srg1 were wider than those of WT because of the increased cell layers in spikelet in the lateral direction. Therefore, the inhibition of cell expansion and increased cell proliferation collectively led to the small and round grain. By map-based cloning, the gene SRG1 was located on the short arm of chromosome 9, which encodes a kinesin-4 protein, represented by the gene LOC_Os09 g02650. A single nucleotide polymorphism, occurred in the 16 th exon of SRG1, led to premature translation stop in mutant. The cell cycle-related genes were up-regulated in srg1, which conferred that SRG1 controlled grain width through the cell proliferation. Since the role of SRG1 in regulating grain shape was not clarified well before, it is valuable to explore the mechanism of grain development. This study could, hence, provide a morphogenesis and molecular basis for elucidating the function of SRG1, as well as a new germplasm resource for the further study of grain development.

关键词： small and round grain kinesin-4 protein gene mapping rice

Genetic variation in a heat shock transcription factor modulates cold tolerance in maize

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molecular plant 2024年第9期17卷 1423-1438页

作者： Lei Gao Lingling Pan Yiting Shi Rong Zeng Minze Li Zhuoyang Li Xuan Zhang Xiaoming Zhao Xinru Gong Wei Huang Xiaohong Yang Jinsheng Lai Jianru Zuo Zhizhong Gong Xiqing Wang Weiwei Jin Zhaobin Dong Shuhua Yang State Key laboratory of plant Environmental Resilience Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingCollege of Biological SciencesCenter for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding National Maize Improvement CenterFrontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingDepartment of Plant Geneticsand BreedingChinaAgricultural UniversityBeijingChina State Key laboratory of plant Genomics and National plant Gene Research Center Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Understanding how maize(Zea mays)responds to cold stress is crucial for facilitating breeding programs of cold-tolerant *** extensive utilization of the genome-wide association study(GWAs)approach for exploring favorable natural alleles associated with maize cold tolerance,few studies have successfully identified candidate genes that contribute to maize cold *** this study,we used a diverse panel of inbred maize lines collected from different germplasm sources to perform a GWAS on var-iations in the relative injured area of maize true leaves during cold stress-a trait very closely correlated with maize cold *** identified HsF21,which encodes a B-class heat shock transcription factor(HSF)that positively regulates cold tolerance at both the seedling and germination *** varia-tions in the promoter of the cold-tolerant HSF21Hap1 allele led to increased HSF21 expression under cold stress by inhibiting binding of the basic leucine zipper bziP68 transcription factor,a negative regulator of cold *** integrating transcriptome deep sequencing,DNA affinity purification sequencing,and targeted lipidomic analysis,we revealed the function of HsF21 in regulating lipid metabolism homeo-stasis to modulate cold tolerance in *** addition,we found that HsF21 confers maize cold tolerance without incurring yield ***,this study establishes HsF21 as a key regulator that en-hances cold tolerance in maize,providing valuable genetic resources for breeding of cold-tolerant maize varieties.

关键词： heat shock factor HSF21 cold tolerance natural variation bZiP68 lipid metabolism maize

molecular mapping of QTLs for root response to phosphorus deficiency at seedling stage in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1177-1184页

作者： Li Zhenxing, Ni Zhongfu, Peng Huiru, Liu Zhiyong, Nie Xiuling, Xu Shengbao, Liu Gang and Sun Qixin(Key laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization and State Key laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key laboratory of Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement, Beijing Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Department of plant genetics & breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China) Key laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Key laboratory of Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Beijing Key laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

Phosphorus (P) deficiency in the soil is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit plant growth and crop productivity throughout the world. Development of cultivars with improved P-deficiency tolerance is an efficient strategy for sustainable agriculture. plant roots play an important role in crop growth and development, especially in nutrient uptake and improvement of P-efficiency. Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for root traits and their response to low P stress at seedling stage will facilitate the development of P-efficient wheat cultivars. In this study, 30 QTLs (LOD>2.0) were mapped for the three root traits, such as root length, root number and root dry matter under different P supply conditions and their response to P-stress. These QTLs were distributed on 14 chromosomes, with each of the 5 QTLs explaining more than 10% phenotype variance. Analyses showed that root traits and their response to P-deficiency were controlled by different QTLs. In addition, alleles with positive effects were separated on both parents, and wheat cultivars with improved P-efficiency could be developed by accumulating these positive effect alleles together.

关键词： QTLs roots wheat seedling RIL P-deficiency.

Spatial patterns of insect herbivory within a forest landscape:the role of soil type and forest stratum

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 923-936页

作者： Xinliang Shao Qin Zhang Xitian Yang Key laboratory of plant genetics and molecular breeding Zhoukou Normal University466001 ZhoukouChina College of Forestry Henan Agricultural University450002 ZhengzhouChina

Background:Insect herbivory has profound impacts on ecosystem processes and *** many efforts have been made to recognize the main drivers of insect herbivory at different scales,the results are *** likely reason is that studies have insufficiently captured the spatially heterogeneous factors such as soil type and forest stratum within the stand that may significantly affect insect *** particular,there is a lack of studies that address the detailed spatial patterns of insect herbivory which are influenced by these ***:We measured the detailed spatial patterns of insect herbivory on cork oak(Quercus variabilis Bl.)in response to soil type(gravel soil and loam)and forest stratum(the upper,lower,and sapling stratum),and correlated these patterns with a set of influencing factors(litter coverage,coverage of shrubs and herbs,soil nutrients,soil moisture,and leaf traits)in a forest ***:Generally,insect herbivory was spatially heterogeneous within *** was significantly lower in gravel soil areas than in loam soil areas and the highest herbivory occurred in the lower ***,there were also 41 individual plots in which the highest herbivory occurred in the upper stratum and 29 plots in which the highest herbivory occurred in the sapling *** were significant differences in soil nutrient and water status between soil types,but no significant differences in leaf *** effects of forest stratum on leaf traits were also inconsistent with those on insect ***:Leaf traits may not be the main factors influencing insect herbivory in the *** type may have major effects on herbivory patterns by influencing litter coverage while higher coverage of shrubs and herbs may reduce herbivory in the sapling *** findings may advance our understanding of tree-herbivore interactions in real-world situations and have important implications for the sustainable managemen

关键词： Forest stratum Heterogeneity Insect herbivory Leaf litter Leaf traits Soil nutrient Soil type

Experiencing winter for spring flowering: A molecular epigenetic perspective on vernalization

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2020年第1期62卷 104-117页

作者： Xiao Luo Yuehui He National Key laboratory of plant molecular genetics & Shanghai Center for plant Stress Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences The Chinese Academy of Sciences

Many over-wintering plants, through vernalization, overcome a block to flowering and thus acquire competence to flower in the following spring after experiencing prolonged cold exposure or winter cold. The vernalization pathways in different angiosperm lineages appear to have convergently evolved to adapt to temperate climates. molecular and epigenetic mechanisms for vernalization regulation have been well studied in the crucifer model plant Arabidopsis ***, we review recent progresses on the vernalization pathway in Arabidopsis. In addition, we summarize current molecular and genetic understandings of vernalization regulation in temperate grasses including wheat and Brachypodium, two monocots from Pooideae, followed by a brief discussion on divergence of the vernalization pathways between Brassicaceae and Pooideae.

关键词： winter spring temperate