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Methane Emission from Rice Fields:Necessity for Molecular Approach for Mitigation

Rice science 2024年第2期31卷 159-178页

作者： Sujeevan RAJENDRAN Hyeonseo PARK Jiyoung KIM Soon Ju PARK Dongjin SHIN Jong-Hee LEE Young Hun SONG Nam-Chon PAEK Chul Min KIM department of Horticulture Industry Wonkwang UniversityIksan 54538Korea plant Molecular Biology and biotechnology Research Center Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Korea department of Southern Area Crop Science National Institute of Crop ScienceMiryang 50424Korea department of Agricultural biotechnology Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea department of plant Science Plant Genomics and Breeding InstituteResearch Institute of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Korea

Anthropogenic methane emissions are a leading cause of the increase in global averagetemperatures,often referred to as global warming.Flooded soils play a significant role in methaneproduction,where the anaerobic conditions promote the production of methane by methanogenicmicroorganisms.Rice fields contribute a considerable portion of agricultural methane emissions,as riceplants provide both factors that enhance and limit methane production.Rice plants harbor both methaneproducingand methane-oxidizing microorganisms.Exudates from rice roots provide source for methaneproduction,while oxygen delivered from the root aerenchyma enhances methane oxidation.Studies haveshown that the diversity of these microorganisms depends on rice cultivars with some genes characterizedas harboring specific groups of microorganisms related to methane emissions.However,there is still aneed for research to determine the balance between methane production and oxidation,as rice plantspossess the ability to regulate net methane production.Various agronomical practices,such as fertilizerand water management,have been employed to mitigate methane emissions.Nevertheless,studiescorrelating agronomic and chemical management of methane with productivity are limited.Moreover,evidences for breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties are scattered largely due to the absence ofcoordinated breeding programs.Research has indicated that phenotypic characteristics,such as rootbiomass,shoot architecture,and aerenchyma,are highly correlated with methane emissions.This reviewdiscusses available studies that involve the correlation between plant characteristics and methaneemissions.It emphasizes the necessity and importance of breeding low-methane-emitting rice varieties inaddition to existing agronomic,biological,and chemical practices.The review also delves into the idealphenotypic and physiological characteristics of low-methane-emitting rice and potential breeding techniques,drawing from studies conducted with diverse varieties,mutants,and transgenic p

关键词： methane emission rice breeding aerenchyma greenhouse gas radial oxygen loss

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Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase, and α-amylase inhibitors from Hippeastrum hybridum extract

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 496-504页

作者： Naila Sher Mushtaq Ahmed Nadia Mushtaq department of biotechnology University of Science and Technology department of Botany University of Science and Technology

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Hippeastrum hybridum（HH） as a free radical scavenger,and an inhibitor of the two enzymes i-e Alpha-amylase（α-amylase） and acetylcholinesterase（AChE）.METHODS:In this study,HH plant was preliminary analyzed for phytochemical screening and then tested for its antioxidant,anti-α-amylase,and anti-AChE efficiency via standard procedures.RESULTS:Phytochemical analysis shows the existence of different compounds;while Coumarins and quinones were absent.The total phenolic,flavonoid,and tannins content were found to be（78.52±0.69） mg GAE/g,（2.01±0.04） mg RUE/g,and（58.12±0.23） mg TAE/g of plant extract respectively.28.02%±0.02% alkaloid and 2.02%±0.05% saponins were present in the HH extract.The HH extract showed the anti-oxidant property with IC50（50%inhibition） of（151.01±0.13）(HH),（79.01±0.04）(Ascorbic acid) for ferric reducing,（91.48±0.13）(HH),（48.02±0.11）(Ascorbic acid) against Ammonium molybdenum,（156.02±0.31）(HH),（52.38±0.21）(Ascorbic acid) against DPPH,136.01±0.21（HH）,52.02±0.31（Ascorbic acid） against H2O2,and 154.12±0.03（HH）,（40.05±0.15）(Ascorbic acid)μg/mL against ABTS respectively.Statistical analysis indicated that HH caused a competitive type of inhibition of α-amylase(Vmaxremained constant and Km increases from 10.65 to84.37%) while Glucophage caused the un-competitive type of inhibition i-e both Km and Vmaxdecreased from40.49 to 69.15%and 38.86 to 69.61%respectively.The Ki,（inhibition constant）;KI,（dissociation constant）,Km,（Michaelis-Menten constant）,and IC50 were found to be62,364,68.1,and 38.08±0.22 for HH and 12,101.05,195,34.01±0.21 for Glucophage.Similarly,HH causes an anon-competitive type of inhibition of AChE i-e Km remains constant while Vmaxdecreases from 60.5%to74.1%.The calculated Ki,KI,Km,and IC50 were found to be 32,36.2,0.05,and 18.117±0.018.CONCLUSION:From the current results,it is concluded that HH extract contains bioactive compounds,and could be a good alternative to controlling oxidants,Alzheimer‘s and Type-Ⅱ diabetic diseases.

关键词： Hippeastrum hybridum acetylcholinesterase alpha-amylase antioxidant phytochemicals

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The super-pangenome of Populus unveils genomic facets for its adaptation and diversification in widespread forest trees

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Molecular plant 2024年第5期17卷 725-746页

作者： Tingting Shi Xinxin Zhang Yukang Hou Changfu Jia Xuming Dan Yulin Zhang Yuanzhong Jiang Qiang Lai Jiajun Feng Jianju Feng Tao Ma Jiali Wu Shuyu Liu Lei Zhang Zhiqin Long Liyang Chen Nathaniel R.Street Par K.Ingvarsson Jianquan Liu Tongming Yin Jing Wang Key Laboratory for Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina College of Horticulture and Forestry Tarim UniversityAlar 843300China Umea plant Science Centre Department of Plant PhysiologyUmea UniversityUmeaVasterbottenSweden Linnean Centre for plant Biology Department of Plant BiologyUppsala BioCenterSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden The Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and biotechnology of Jiangsu Province and Education department of China Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

Understanding the underlying mechanisms and links between genome evolution and adaptive innovations stands as a key goal in evolutionary studies.Poplars,among the world’s most widely distributed and cultivated trees,exhibit extensive phenotypic diversity and environmental adaptability.In this study,we present a genus-level super-pangenome comprising 19 Populus genomes,revealing the likely pivotal role of private genes in facilitating local environmental and climate adaptation.Through the integration of pangenomes with transcriptomes,methylomes,and chromatin accessibility mapping,we unveil that the evolutionary trajectories of pangenes and duplicated genes are closely linked to local genomic landscapes of regulatory and epigenetic architectures,notably CG methylation in gene-body regions.Further comparative genomic analyses have enabled the identification of 142202 structural variants across species that intersect with a significant number of genes and contribute substantially to both phenotypic and adaptive divergence.We have experimentally validated a∼180-bp presence/absence variant affecting the expression of the CUC2 gene,crucial for leaf serration formation.Finally,we developed a user-friendly web-based tool encompassing the multi-omics resources associated with the Populus super-pangenome(http://***).Together,the present pioneering super-pangenome resource in forest trees not only aids in the advancement of breeding efforts of this globally important tree genus but also offers valuable insights into potential avenues for comprehending tree biology.

关键词： Populus pangenomes whole-genome duplication structural variation genome evolution

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A Cocktail of Natural Compounds Holds Promise for New Immunotherapeutic Potential in Head and Neck Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 42-51页

作者： Sunil Kumar Asmita Das department of biotechnology Delhi Technological UniversityDelhi(110042)India

Objective: To obtain detailed understanding on the gene regulation of natural compounds in altering prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSC). Methods: Gene expression data of HNSC samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of HNSC patients were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO). Differential gene expression analysis of GEO datasets were achieved by the GEO2R tool. Common differentially expressed gerres(DEGs) were screened by comparing DEGs of HNSC with those of PBMCs. The combination was further analyzed for regulating pathways and biological processes that were affected. Results: Totally 110 DEGs were retrieved and identified to be involved in biological processes related to tumor regulation. Then 102 natural compounds were screened for a combination such that the expressions of all 110 commonly DEGs were altered. A combination of salidroside, ginsenoside Rd, oridonin, britanin, and scutellarein was chosen. A multifaceted, multi-dimensional tumor regression was showed by altering autophagy, apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammatory cytokines production. Conclusions: This study has helped develop a unique combination of natural compounds that will markedly reduce the propensity of development of drug resistance in tumors and immune evasion by tumors. The result is crucial to developing a combinatorial natural therapeutic cocktail with accentuated immunotherapeutic potential.

关键词： natural compounds chemopreventive gene expression head and neck cancer immunomodulator salidroside ginsenoside Rd oridonin britanin scutellarein

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Chloroplast immunity: A cornerstone of plant defense

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Molecular plant 2024年第5期17卷 686-688页

作者： Jie Liu Pan Gong Ruobin Lu Rosa Lozano-Duran Xueping Zhou Fangfang Li State Key Laboratory for Biology of plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology Institute of BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310058China department of plant Biochemistry Centre for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP)Eberhard Karls UniversityTubingen 72076Germany

Increasing evidence supports the notion that pattern-recognition-receptor-mediated immunity goes beyond plasma membrane-to-nucleus signaling.With the findings of the pathways linking plasma membrane and chloroplasts and the functions of stromules and perinuclear chloroplast clustering(PCC)in plant defense,chloroplast immunity has emerged as a cornerstone of plant defense and a target of plant pathogens.

关键词： plant immunity corners

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A signaling cascade mediating fruit trait development via phosphorylation-modulated nuclear accumulation of JAZ repressor

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1106-1125页

作者： Wei Wang Jinyao Ouyang Yating Li Changsheng Zhai Bing He Huahan Si Kunsong Chen Jocelyn K.C.Rose Wensuo Jia College of Horticulture China Agricultural University College of Agriculture and biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityZijingang Campus plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University Institute of Horticulture Crops Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

It is generally accepted that jasmonate-ZIM domain(JAZ) repressors act to mediate jasmonate(JA) signaling via CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE1(COI1)-mediated degradation. Here, we report a cryptic signaling cascade where a JAZ repressor,FvJAZ12, mediates multiple signaling inputs via phosphorylation-modulated subcellular translocation rather than the COI1-mediated degradation mechanism in strawberry(Fragaria vesca).FvJAZ12 acts to regulate flavor metabolism and defense response, and was found to be the target of Fv MPK6, a mitogen-activated protein kinase that is capable of responding to multiple signal stimuli. FvMPK6 phosphorylates FvJAZ12 at the amino acid residues S179 and T183 adjacent to the PY residues, thereby attenuating its nuclear accumulation and relieving its repression for FvMYC2, which acts to control the expression of lipoxygenase 3(FvLOX3), an important gene involved in JA biosynthesis and a diverse array of cellular metabolisms. Our data reveal a previously unreported mechanism for JA signaling and decipher a signaling cascade that links multiple signaling inputs with fruit trait development.

关键词： defense response JAZ repressor phosphorylation strawberry subcellular translocation

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Phenolic Profile and Volatiles of in vitro Propagated Lavandula angustifolia Mill.Seedlings

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 427-444页

作者： Mir Abdullatif Yahya Fatma Tunali Dilek Killi Atalay Sökmen biotechnology department Konya Food and Agriculture UniversityKonya42080Türkiye plant Production and Technologies department Konya Food and Agriculture UniversityKonya42080Türkiye

An effective in vitro propagation protocol was designed for Lavandula angustifolia Miller,a medicinal aromatic plant that is a prominent source of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Murashige and Skoog media were supplemented with various concentrations of plant Growth Regulators(PGRs),and the growth parameters of the nodal segments were examined.Nodal explants formed callus when they were supplemented with 2 mg/L of 6-Benzylaminopurine(BAP).The superior hormonal concentration of Murashige and Skoog(MS)media for the proliferation of shoots from callus cultures(39.33%)was 5 mg/L of 2-Isopentenyl adenine(2iP),and the favorable media for the growth of L.angustifolia callus cultures was 1 and 2 mg/L of BAP,with a 98%for-mation rate in each case.The callus cultures and in vitro propagated L.angustifolia seedlings obtained from var-ious PGR concentrations of MS media were exposed to qualitative and quantitative analysis in terms of phenolic proﬁles,ﬂavonoids,High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)analysis of phenolic acids,and headspace-SPME analysis for volatiles.Such analysis revealed that micropropagated seedlings grown in media containing 1 mg/L of 6-Furfurylaminopurine(KIN)accumulated the highest yield(11.95±0.01 mg GAE/g)of phenolic acids.In contrast,the lowest concentration(2.17±0.04 mg GAE/g)was detected in 0.5 mg/L of BAP+0.5 mg/L of Naphthaleneacetic acid(NAA)media.The plantlets grown in 0.5 mg/L of BAP+0.5 mg/L of NAA media showed the highestﬂavonoid yield(31.67±0.06μg/g QE/g).In contrast,callus samples exhibited the lowest yield(11.59±0.02μg/g QE/g)ofﬂavonoids in MS media supplemented with a concentration of 0.5 mg/L of BAP.HPLC analysis revealed the variability of phenolic acid contents within the callus cultures as well as plantlets,with gallic acid,4-OH benzoic acid,chlorogenic acid,vanillic acid,caffeic acid,cinnamic acid,and rosmarinic acid being the prominent constituents.The presence of twenty-two chemicals was revealed by headspace-SPME analysis.Eucalyptol,nonanal,borneol,carvone,andβ-caryophylle

关键词： Lavender indirect organogenesis micropropagation This

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The Ti-TAN plasmid toolbox for TurboID-based proximity labeling assays in Nicotiana benthamiana

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 166-168页

作者： Huang Tan Yu Zhou Erik Dinius Rosa Lozano-Durán department of plant Biochemistry Center for Plant MolecularBiology(ZMBP)Eberhard Karls UniversityTubingenD‐72076Germany

Protein-protein interactions and the formation of protein complexes play a central role in the regulation of virtually all aspects of life.The identification and characterization of interactions between proteins is th... 详细信息

关键词： proximity complexes enable

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Eco-evolutionary evidence for the global diversity pattern of Cycas(Cycadaceae)

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2024年第6期66卷 1170-1191页

作者： Jian Liu Anders J.Lindstrom Yiqing Gong Shanshan Dong Yusheng(Chris) Liu Shouzhou Zhang Xun Gong CAS Key Laboratory for plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Economic plants and biotechnology Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Global Biodiversity Conservancy Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical plant Diversity Fairy Lake Botanical Garden Shenzhen & Chinese Academy of Sciences department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Indiana University-Indianapolis

The evolution of the latitudinal diversity gradient(LDG), characterized by a peak in diversity toward the tropics, has captured significant attention in evolutionary biology and ecology.However, the inverse LDG(i-LDG) mechanism,wherein species richness increases toward the poles, remains inadequately explored. Cycads are among one of the oldest lineages of extant seed plants and have undergone extensive diversification in the tropics. Intriguingly, the extant cycad abundance exhibits an i-LDG pattern, and the underlying causes for this phenomenon remain largely elusive. Here,using 1,843 nuclear genes from a nearly complete sampling, we conducted comprehensive phylogenomic analyses to establish a robust species-level phylogeny for Cycas, the largest genus within cycads. We then reconstructed the spatial-temporal dynamics and integrated global environmental data to evaluate the roles of species ages, diversification rates,contemporary environment, and conservatism to ancestral niches in shaping the i-LDG pattern. We found Cycas experienced decreased diversification rates, coupled with the cooling temperature since its origin in the Eocene from continental Asia. Different regions have distinctively contributed to the formation of i-LDG for Cycas, with the northern hemisphere acting as evolutionary museums and the southern hemisphere serving as cradles. Moreover, water-related climate variables,specifically precipitation seasonality and potential evapotranspiration, were identified as paramount factors constraining Cycas species richness in the rainforest biome near the equator. Notably, the adherence to ancestral monsoonal climates emerges as a critical factor in sustaining the diversity pattern. This study underscores the imperative of integrating both evolutionary and ecological approaches to comprehensively unravel the mechanisms underpinning global biodiversity patterns.

关键词： cycads latitudinal diversity gradient niche conservatism spatiotemporal diversification species richness

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A chorismate mutase from Radopholus similis plays an essential role in pathogenicity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 923-937页

作者： Sihua Yang Junyi Li Shuai Yang Shiqiao Tang Huizhong Wang Chunling Xu Hui Xie Laboratory of plant Nematology andResearch Centerof Nematodes of plant Quarantine Department of Plant Patholo of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

In the process of infecting plants, plant parasitic nematodes release a series of proteins that play an essential role in the successful infection and pathogenesis of plant cells and tissues through stylets or body walls. In this study,based on transcriptome data, a chorismate mutase gene of Radopholus similis(RsCM) was identified and cloned,which is a single copy gene specifically expressed in the oesophageal gland and highly expressed in juveniles and females. Transient expression of RsCM in tobacco leaves showed that it was localised in the cytoplasm and nucleus of tobacco leaf cells, which inhibited the pattern-triggered immunity(PTI) induced by flg22, including callose deposition and defence gene expression, and cell death induced by immune elicitors BAX, but could not inhibit cell death induced by immune elicitors Gpa2/RBP-1. The RNA interference(RNAi) transgenic tomato of RsCM obviously inhibited the infection, pathogenicity, and reproduction of R. similis. However, the resistance of the overexpression transgenic tomato of RsCM to R. similis infection was significantly reduced, and the expression levels of two salicylic acid(SA) pathway genes(PR1 and PR5) in roots infected by the nematode were significantly down-regulated,which indicated that RsCM might be involved in the inhibition of SA pathway. The results of this study demonstrate that RsCM suppresses the host immune system and might be a new target for the control of R. similis, which also provides new data for the function and mechanism of CM genes of migratory parasitic plant nematodes.

关键词： Radopholus similis chorismate mutase plant defense transgenic tomato

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