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National Science Review 2020年第8期7卷 1398-1400页

作者： Lexuan Gao Loren H.Rieseberg CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences department of botany and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia

Few topics in evolutionary biology have received as much scrutiny and debate as the nature of species and species concepts. This is partly because species are central to many fields of biology(but especially evolution, ecology, systematics, and conservation biology), and there does not appear to be a single concept that can satisfy the needs of these different disciplines [1].

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Telling Duckweed Apart:Genotyping Technologies for the Lemnaceae

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应用与环境生物学报 2013年第1期19卷 1-10页

作者： Klaus J.Appenroth Nikolai Borisjuk Eric Lam University of Jena Institute of General Botany and Plant Physiology plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers State University of New Brunswick

The family of Lemnaceae,commonly called duckweed,comprise five genera and 37 species of aquaticmonocotyledonous plants that are endemic to lakes,ponds and brackish water bodies on most continents. They are angiospermsthat have the highest biomass production rate and have been used to remediate wastewater from both municipal andindustrial sources. With these attractive features,duckweed is poised to be a novel agricultural platform that can complementcurrent terrestrial crops. In addition,their remarkable ability to adapt to diverse climates and conditions may provide newunderstanding of stress tolerance and genome adaptability mechanisms. However,one of the first challenges facing theseapplications is to establish reliable and rapid methods for identification of closely related strains that may have very differentbehaviour or properties. This review article summarizes the state of the arts for this endeavour and provides the outlook for thisquest in the near future.

关键词： RAPD ISSR AFLP 环境生物学

Effects of patch size, disturbances on diversity and structural traits of tropical semi-evergreen forest in the lowland Indo Burma hotspot: implication on conservation of the threatened tree species

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第8期13卷 1397-1410页

作者： Koushik MAJUMDAR Badal Kumar DATTA plant Taxonomy and Biodiversity Laboratory Department of Botany Tripura University

Information on geographic distribution, population and threat status of most globally red listed species in the Indo Burma zone are inadequate. Given the increase in the prevalence of isolated forest patches in the part of this hotspot, evaluation is necessary on how size of the remnant forest patches and on-going disturbances affects structure and diversity of remaining habitats including the population of some globally threatened tree species. Quantitative vegetation inventory by 500 m long and lO m wide （0.5 ha） line transects were randomly set in nine fragmented tropical semi-evergreen forest patches in Tripura, Northeast India. The studied forests patches grouped into small, medium and large based on their respected sizes. Spatial variability was analysed in woody species diversity and structure along the patch size gradients and their response to both patch size and anthropogenic disturbances. Out of 167 species, 13 identified as red-listed species by IUCN under the present inventory. Most of the diversity and structural parameters showed statistically significant positive response with the forest patch size, except for stand dominance, disturbance, sapling density and number of aggregated distribution pattern decreased when patch size increased. In addition, most of the diversity and structural attributes showed negative response with disturbances. Present baseline data would serve as an effective tool for management and protection of this important forest type. Future habitat restoration programme and strategies for relocation of additional population and re-introduction of those globally threatened trees are recommended.

关键词： Forest diversity Semi-evergreen forest Threatened species Population composition IndoBurma zone

Vegetation-environment relationship in Pinus wallichiana forests of the Swat Hindukush range of Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第1期31卷 185-195页

作者： Inayat Ur Rahman Nasrullah Khan Kishwar Ali Siraj Ahmad Laboratory of plant Ecology and Dendrochronology Department of BotanyUniversity of Malakand

Understanding the influence of environmental variables on the spatial distribution of ecological communities is essential to predict the response of vegetation to various environmental *** theory suggests that multiple environmental factors shape local species assemblages and should influence the various components of community structure and composition in different *** study aimed to classify Pinus wallichiana dominated forests in the Swat Hindukush range mountains to understand the relative influence of multiple environmental filters on its composition and *** forests represent the most typical of the species distribution in northern Pakistan and were not subjected to any phytosociological *** this purpose,thirty forest stands,spanning a wide range of physical habitats were sampled using 10 x 10 m plots and the importance value index was *** floristic and environmental data were subjected to Ward’s agglomerative cluster analysis for objective classification and ordinated with NMS ordination for pattern description and testing the vegetation-environmental *** floristically and ecologically distinct communities were recognized along the topographic gradient(elevation,r=0.377;slope,r=0.5548) coupled with soil physical(clay,r=0.2782;silt,r=0.3225) and chemical properties(pH,r=0.4975;lime,r=3982).An elevation gradient of 100 m separated the low(Pinus wallichiana-Quercus dilatata community)and middle elevations forest stands(*** pure population) from the highland population type(Pinus wallichiana-Cedrus deodara community).The floristics and structure of these forest types respond directly or indirectly to topographic and soil variables which were evidenced from the floristic composition,species richness,and community *** characteristics of the communities changed from heterogenous,dense stands to sparsely dispersed conifers,broadleaved-evergreen,and deciduous vegetation types along

关键词： Blue pine forests Classification-ordination Ecological gradient Hindukush range mountains Species composition

Morphology and ontogeny of directly differentiating shoot buds and somatic embryos in Santalum album L.

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第4期30卷 1179-1189页

作者： Rakhshanda Akhtar Anwar Shahzad plant Biotechnology Section Department of BotanyAligarh Muslim University

Santalum album *** a commercially important tree that yields essential oil of high medicinal *** research through organogenesis and embryogenesis has been documented but no report depicts comparative ontogeny of directly differentiating shoot buds(SB)and somatic embryos(SE).In the present study aseptic seedling derived hypocotyl segments(HC)and hypocotyl+root junction(HC+R)were used to induce SBs and SEs,*** differences between the structures were confirmed using scanning electron microscopy and histological *** medium containing 6-benzyladenine or BA(2.5μM)produced highest number of direct SB,while MS+BA(7.5μM)proved suitable for higher frequency of SE *** differentiating structures attained growth when transferred to MS medium containing a combination of BA and anaphthalene acetic acid or silver nitrate(AgNO3).A combination of indole-3-butyric acid and silver nitrate(AgNO3)in half-strength woody plant medium and lesser osmotic concentration(2%sucrose),induced rhizogenesis.

关键词： Direct somatic embryos Emblings Histology Hypocotyl Ontogenic

Organ-specific effects of brassinosteroids on stomatal production coordinate with the action of TOO MANY MOUTHS

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2015年第3期57卷 247-255页

作者： Ming Wang Kezhen Yang Jie Le Key Laboratory of plant Molecular physiology Institute of Botanythe Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

In Arabidopsis,stomatal development initiates after protodermal cells acquire stomatal lineage cell *** or their precursors communicate with their neighbor epidermal cells to ensure the ＂one cell spacing＂ *** signals from EPF/EPFL peptide ligands received by TOO MANY MOUTHS（TMM）and ERECTA-family receptors are supposed to be transduced by YODA MAPK cascade.A basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor SPEECHLESS（SPCH） is another key regulator of stomatal cell fate determination and asymmetric entry divisions,and SPCH activity is regulated by YODA MAPK ***（BR） signaling,one of the most well characterized signal transduction pathways in plants,contributes to the control of stomatal *** opposite organ-specific effects of BR on stomatal production were *** we confirm thatstomatal production in hypocotyls is controlled by BR *** and CYCD4 are not essential for BR stomata-promoting ***,we found that BR could confer tmm hypocotyls clustered stomatal phenotype,indicating that the BR organ-specific effects on stomatal production might coordinate with the TMM organ-specific actions.

关键词： Arabidopsis brassinosteroids development stomata

Arabidopsis SMALL ORGAN_4, a homolog of yeast NOP_(53), regulates cell proliferation rate during organ growth

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2015年第10期57卷 810-818页

作者： Xiao-Ran Zhang Zhixiang Qin Xiao Zhang Yuxin Hu Key Laboratory of plant Molecular physiology Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for plant Gene Research

Cel proliferation is a fundamental event essential for plant organogenesis and contributes greatly to the final organ size. Although the control of cel proliferation in plants has been extensively studied, how the plant sets the cel number required for a single organ is largely elusive. Here, we describe the Arabidopsis SMALL ORGAN 4 (SMO4) that functions in the regulation of cell proliferation rate and thus final organ size. The smo4 mutant exhibits a reduced size of organs due to the decreased cell number, and further analysis reveals that such phenotype results from a retardation of the cell cycle progression during organ development. SMO4 encodes a homolog of NUCLEOLAR PROTEIN 53 (NOP53) in Saccharomy-ces cerevisiae and is expressed primarily in tissues undergoing cel proliferation. Nevertheless, further complementation tests show that SMO4 could not rescue the lethal defect of NOP53 mutant of S. cerevisiae. These results define SMO4 as an important regulator of cell proliferation during organ growth and suggest that SMO4 might have been evolutionarily divergent from NOP53.

关键词： Arabidopsis cell proliferation NOP53 organ size SMO4

L-theanine: A potential multifaceted natural bioactive amide as health supplement

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第9期7卷 842-848页

作者： Rajsekhar Adhikary Vivekananda Mandal plant and Microbial physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory Department of BotanyUniversity of Gour BangaMalda 732 103W.B.India

Natural bioactive compounds from plants are of great importance in modern therapeutics,which are used to prepare antibiotics, growth supplements or some other therapeutics. Ltheanine is such a bioactive amide amino acid presented in different plants and fungi,especially in tea. Theanine has influential effects on lifestyle associated diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, stress relief, tumor suppression,menstruation and liver injury. This amino acid can maintain normal sleep and improve memory function and nullify effect of the neurotoxins. The rate of bioavailability and its medium of ingestion in the body is one of the great concerns for its additional antioxidant properties. Pharmacokinetics of the bioactive compound and its mode of action are described herewith. The biosynthesis and industrial synthesis are also reviewed to promote accelerated production of this bioactive compound in the pharmaceutical industries.

关键词： Bioactive amide Bioavailability L-theanine Lifestyle associated diseases Pharmacokinetics

Vegetation-environment relationships in the forests of Chitral district Hindukush range of Pakistan

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 205-216页

作者： Nasrullah Khan Syed Shahid Shaukat Moinuddin Ahmed Muhammad Faheem Siddiqui department of botany University of Malakand Dept. of botany University of Karachi Laboratory of Dendrochronology and plant Ecology department of botany Federal Urdu University of Arts Science and Technology

We investigated the composition of plant communities to quantify their relationships with environmental parameters in the Chitral Hindukush range of Pakistan. We sampled tree vegetation using the Point Centered Quarter （PCQ） method while understory vegetation was sampled in 1.5-m circular quadrats. Cedrus deodara is the national symbol of Pakistan and was dominant in the sampled communities. Because environmental variables determine vegetation types, we analyzed and evaluated edaphic and topographic factors. DCA-Ordination showed the major gradient as an amalgam of elevation （p〈0.05） and slope （p〈0.01） as the topographic factors correlated with species distribution. Soil variables were the factors of environmental significance along DCA axes. However, among these factors, Mg2＋ , K ＋ and N2＋ contributed not more than 0.054% 0.20% and 0.073%, respectively, to variation along the first ordination axis. We conclude that the principal reason for weak or no correlation with many edaphic variables was the anthropogenic disturbance of vegetation. The understory vegetation was composed of perennial herbs in most communities and was most dense under the tree canopy. The understory vegetation strongly regulates tree seedling growth and regeneration patterns. We recommend further study of the understory vegetation using permanent plots to aid development of forest regeneration strategies.

关键词： environmental relationship multivariate analysis cluster analysis ordination anthropogenic factors forest, Hindukush range

Changes of woody species diversity, horizontal and vertical distribution of stems across interior to outside within a primate rich habitat of Northeast India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第4期27卷 787-798页

作者： Koushik Majumdar Bal Krishan Choudhary Badal Kumar Datta plant Taxonomy and Biodiversity Lab. Department of Botany Tripura University

The interior forest of protected area（PA）recover quickly in terms of greater diversity and structural complexity than peripheral and outsides, which may be due to high plant-frugivore interactions in the interior forest than the disturbed outsides. To describe the structural and functional differences in tree communities from interior to outside forests with in small PA, we quantitatively analyzed the vegetation of Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary, a rich primate habitat of Northeast India. Vegetation was sampled at C10 cm girth at breast height by 10 m 9 500 m sized20 line transects（10 ha） laid in the interior（N = 7）,peripheral（N = 7） and outside（N = 6） zones of this sanctuary. All transects were ordinated by Principal Component Analysis based on correlation between diversity and existing disturbance indices. We found significant differences（P ／ 0.05） in taxonomic richness and diversity indices between the habitat. Van diagram confirmed greater unique species richness in the interior zone（64） than peripheral（28） and outside（6） zones. Overall density（ha-1） did not differed across the zones, but basal area（m2ha-1） was significantly（P ／ 0.01） high in peripheral zone. Vertical distribution of stem density was linearly declined across zones（r2adj[ 0.70; P ／ 0.01） with increase in the canopy height. Horizontal distribution of adult stems showed significant inverse quadratic relationship（r2adj[ 0.80; P ／ 0.001）, which suggests very low density of canopy forming voluminous trees in the interior *** protection, restoration and management of interior regions are required to preserve local plant genetic diversity and also to maintain suitable habitat for threatened wildlife.

关键词： interior outside habitat restoration Northeast disturbance quickly inverse preserve quadratic