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Solar-assisted selective separation and recovery of precious group metals from deactivated air puriﬁcation catalysts

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期69卷 2379-2386页

作者： Meijun Wu Yao Chen Zhenpeng Guo Xinru Wang Hanyun Zhang Ting Zhang Shuhui Guan Zhenfeng Bian Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Shanghai YK Pao School Shanghai 201620China

The mitigation of environmental and energy crises could be advanced by reclaiming platinum group precious metals(PGMs) from decommissioned air purification catalysts. However, the complexity of catalyst composition and the high chemical inertness of PGMs significantly impede this process. Consequently,recovering PGMs from used industrial catalysts is crucial and challenging. This study delves into an environmentally friendly approach to selectively recover PGMs from commercial air purifiers using photocatalytic redox technology. Our investigation focuses on devising a comprehensive strategy for treating three-way catalysts employed in automotive exhaust treatment. By meticulously pretreating and modifying reaction conditions, we achieved noteworthy results, completely dissolving and separating rhodium(Rh), palladium(Pd), and platinum(Pt) within a 12-h time frame. Importantly, the solubility selectivity persists despite the remarkably similar physicochemical properties of Rh, Pd, and Pt. To bolster the environmental sustainability of our method, we harness sunlight as the energy source to activate the photocatalysts, facilitating the complete dissolution of precious metals under natural light irradiation. This ecofriendly recovery approach demonstrated on commercial air purifiers, exhibits promise for broader application to a diverse range of deactivated air purification catalysts, potentially enabling implementation on a large scale.

关键词： Photocatalysis Air purification catalysts Platinum group precious metals Selective recovery

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Immunostimulatory gene therapy combined with checkpoint blockade reshapes tumor microenvironment and enhances ovarian cancer immunotherapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 854-868页

作者： Yunzhu Lin Xiang Wang Shi He Zhongxin Duan Yunchu Zhang Xiaodong Sun Yuzhu Hu Yuanyuan Zhang Zhiyong Qian Xiang Gao Zhirong Zhang Key laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems Ministry of EducationWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Pharmacy Evidence-based Pharmacy CenterWest China Second University HospitalKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and ChildrenSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengdu 610041China Department of Radiation Oncology State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer CenterWest China HospitalWest China Medical SchoolSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for BiotherapyChengdu 610041China West China School of Basic Medical Sciences&Forensic Medicine Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Immune evasion has made ovarian cancer notorious for its refractory features, making the development of immunotherapy highly appealing to ovarian cancer treatment. The immune-stimulating cytokine IL-12 exhibits excellent antitumor activities. However, IL-12 can induce IFN-γ release and subsequently upregulate PDL-1 expression on tumor cells. Therefore, the tumor-targeting folate-modified delivery system F-DPC is constructed for concurrent delivery of IL-12 encoding gene and small molecular PDL-1 inhibitor(i PDL-1) to reduce immune escape and boost anti-tumor immunity. The physicochemical characteristics, gene transfection efficiency of the F-DPC nanoparticles in ovarian cancer cells are analyzed. The immune-modulation effects of combination therapy on different immune cells are also studied. Results show that compared with non-folate-modified vector, folate-modified F-DPC can improve the targeting of ovarian cancer and enhance the transfection efficiency of p IL-12. The underlying anti-tumor mechanisms include the regulation of T cells proliferation and activation, NK activation,macrophage polarization and DC maturation. The F-DPC/p IL-12/i PDL-1 complexes have shown outstanding antitumor effects and low toxicity in peritoneal model of ovarian cancer in mice. Taken together, our work provides new insights into ovarian cancer immunotherapy. Novel F-DPC/p IL-12/i PDL-1 complexes are revealed to exert prominent anti-tumor effect by modulating tumor immune microenvironment and preventing immune escape and might be a promising treatment option for ovarian cancer treatment.

关键词： IL-12encodinggene Checkpointblocker Nanoparticles Targeted delivery Tumormicroenvironment Immune escape Ovarian cancer Immunotherapy

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Amino acids modified nanoscale zero-valent iron:Density functional theory calculations,experimental synthesis and application in the Fenton-like degradation of organic solvents

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 296-309页

作者： Xingchen Yang Fucheng Ming Jianlong Wang Lejin Xu Department of Nuclear Engineering and Technology School of Energy and Power EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Key laboratory of Radioactive Wastes Treatment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

To improve the adsorption and catalytic performance of heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts for oil wastes,amino acids were used to modify nanoscale zero-valent iron(AA@Fe^(0)),which were applied in the Fenton-like degradation of organic solvents(tributyl phosphate and n-dodecane,named TBP and DD).Twelve amino acids,i.e.,glycine(Gly),alanine(Ala),leucine(Leu),proline(Pro),phenylalanine(Phe),methionine(Met),cysteine(Cys),asparagine(Asn),serine(Ser),glutamic acid(Glu),lysine(Lys)and arginine(Arg),were selected and calculated by density functional theory(DFT).The optimized structure,charge distribution,the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO),the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO),interaction region indicator(IRI)isosurface map and adsorption energy of AA@Fe^(0),AA@Fe^(0)-TBP and AA@Fe^(0)-DD were studied,which indicated that Fe is more likely to approach and charge transfer with-COO and-NH_(3) on theα-carbon of amino *** is strong attraction between Fe and–COO,and Van der Waals force between Fe and-NH_(3),*** the interaction of AA@Fe^(0)with TBP and DD,Van der Waal force plays an important ***@Fe^(0)was synthesized in laboratory and characterized to investigate physicochemical *** Fenton-like degradation of organic solvents,the change of COD in water phase during the degradation process as well as the volume of the organic phase after the reaction were *** results of calculations combined with experiments showed that Ser-modified Fe^(0)performed the best in these amino acids,with 98%removal of organic solvents.A possible catalytic mechanism was proposed in which amino acids acted a linking role between Fe and organic solvents,activating H_(2)O_(2)to generate hydroxyl radicals for the degradation of organic solvents.

关键词： Amino acids Nanoscale zero-valent iron Density functional theory Organic solvents Fenton-like degradation

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Occurrence of microplastics in natural and farmland soil in the Qilian Mountains of the Northern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第7期21卷 2159-2172页

作者： KANG Qiangqiang ZHANG Yulan KANG Shichang ZHANG Shengyin LUO Xi LI Longrui WANG Zhaoqing ZHANG Shuncun Key laboratory of Petroleum Resources Exploration and Evaluation Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Microplastics(MPs)become ubiquitous in soil and are an environmental and public health concern ***,the status of MPs in natural and farmland soils in remote areas remains poorly *** this study,we investigated the characteristics of MPs in natural and farmland soils along two transects in the Qilian Mountains of the northern Tibetan *** average abundance of MPs in natural and farmland soils was 29,778 and 56,123 items kg^(-1),respectively,with a detection size range of 10-1000μ*** in the size range of 10-100μm accounted for 84.1%of particles *** the 21 polymers detected,polyethylene dominated in both farmland and natural *** shape of MPs was dominated by fragments(95.8%),followed by fibers(3.8%)and beads(0.4%).The abundance of MPs was positively correlated with increasing altitude in natural *** was no significant correlation between the abundance of MPs and soil physicochemical properties due to the narrow range of values of soil physicochemical *** the growing concern regarding MPs pollution,research on the status of MPs in high altitude and remote areas is critical to understanding their global cycle.

关键词： Microplastics pollution Soil Remote areas Tibetan Plateau

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Structure-guided isolation of anti-neuroinflammatory sesquiterpene coumarins from Ferula sinkiangensis

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第7期22卷 643-653页

作者： DANG Wen GUO Tingting ZHOU Di MENG Qingqi FANG Mingxia CHEN Gang LIN Bin HOU Yue LI Ning School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica Key Laboratory of Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine for Major Chronic Diseases of Liaoning ProvinceKey Laboratory for TCM Material Basis Study and Innovative Drug Development of Shenyang CityShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110004China School of Pharmaceutical Engineering Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

The resin of Ferula sinkiangensis has been traditionally utilized for treating gastrointestinal disorders,inflammation,tumors,various cancers,and alopecia *** primary bioactive constituents,sesquiterpene coumarins,have demonstrated notable therapeutic potential against *** this study,a structure-guided fractionation method was used to isolate nine novel sesquiterpene coumarins from the resin of *** compounds were characterized and structurally elucidated using comprehensive physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques,including calculated electronic circular dichroism(ECD).Anti-neuroinflammatory assays revealed that compounds 2,3,and 6 significantly inhibited nitric oxide(NO)production in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells,with IC_(50)values ranging from 1.63 to 12.25μmol·L^(−1).

关键词： Ferula sinkiangensis Sesquiterpene coumarins Structure elucidation Anti-neuroinflammatory activity

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Layered double hydroxides functionalization toward rechargeable batteries Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 138-154页

作者： Jianxiong Gao Bowen Jin Mingfei Shao State Key laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Renewable Energy Research Institute Quzhou Institute for Innovation in Resource Chemical EngineeringQuzhou324000China

Layered double hydroxides(LDHs),known as typical two-dimensional materials with unique physicochemical properties,are regarded as promising candidates in energy storage ***,some inherent defects,such as poor conductivity and limited active sites,hinder the further development of ***,various functionalization strategies(e.g.,intercalation of guest molecules;metal ions doping and defect introduction of host layer;exfoliation to monolayer;hybridization with functional materials;construction of hierarchical structure;interface engineering and phase transformation)have been used to modify the characteristics of LDHs,which provides guidance for designing novel *** this review,we discuss how these strategies improve the properties of LDH-based materials,which are expected to possess high electronic and ionic conductivity,high specific surface area and high mechanical and chemical stability ***,the application of LDH-based materials in advanced energy conversion and storage techniques,including metal-ions batteries,lithium-sulfur batteries and metal-air batteries,have been comprehensively summarized.

关键词： Layered double hydroxide Functionalization strategy Rechargeable battery

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Effects of Milling Methods on Rice Flour Properties and Rice Product Quality:A Review

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Rice science 2024年第1期31卷 33-46页

作者： TIAN Yu SUN Jing LI Jiaxin WANG Aixia NIE Mengzi GONG Xue WANG Lili LIU Liya WANG Fengzhong TONG Litao Institute of Food Science and Technology/Western Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China

High-quality rice flour is the foundation for the production of various rice-based *** is an essential step in obtaining rice flour,during which significant changes occur in the physicochemical and quality characteristics of the *** rice flour obtained through mainstream wet milling methods exhibits superior quality,low production efficiency and wastewater discharge limit the development of the *** milling,on the other hand,conserves water resources,but adversely affects flour performance due to excessive heat *** an emerging powder-making technique,semi-dry milling offers a promising solution by enhancing flour quality and reducing environmental *** is achieved by minimizing soaking time through hot air treatment while reducing mechanical energy consumption to reach saturated water absorption ***,continuous production remains a *** comprehensive review summarizes the effects of various milling technologies on rice flour properties and product *** also discusses key control indicators and technical considerations for rice flour processing equipment and processes.

关键词： flour property milling equipment milling method rice flour rice product quality semi-dry milling

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Monophase-homointerface electrodes intrinsically stabilize high-voltage all-solid-state batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1729-1739页

作者： Xiaolin Xiong Xianguo Ma Tianshi Lv Liquan Chen Liumin Suo Beijing National laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The electrochemical stability and contact reliability of heterointerfaces between the solid electrolyte(SE) and electrode are critical for all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs), particularly much more challenging for high-voltage ASSBs, owing to the limited thermodynamically electrochemical window and mechanical inflexibility of SE, aggravating interfacial side reactions and contact failure. Considering all those issues originating from intrinsic heterogeneity in physicochemical features between the cathode material and SE, we are thinking about simplifying the heterointerfaces into a homointerface as a permanent cure to solve all electrochemical-mechanical interfacial failure. Herein, we propose monophase cathodes to construct thermodynamically stable all-in-one homointerfaces in ASS electrodes, removing unstable heterointerfaces by excluding SEs and intrinsically eliminating the Li chemical potential gap to avoid the formation of lithium-depleted space-charge layer and highly resistive mixed ion–electron conductor interphase. Our conception is successfully validated in the layered transition-metal oxide cathodes, which display outstanding stability no matter the MH-LiCoO_(2) cathode charging to 4.7 V or MH-Li_(1.2)Mn_(0.54)Ni_(0.13)-Co_(0.13)O_(2) cathode charging to 5.3 V. It is undeniable that our current version of above-illustrated MH-cathodes would bring out some new challenges for the practical application due to abandoning the SE. However, we believe our work also offers a brandnew direction to ultimately address the electrochemical–mechanical interfacial issues that would be promising for high-energy ASSBs with more discoveries of advanced monophase cathodes in the future.

关键词： monophase-homointerface electrode high-voltage all-solid-state batteries electrochemical-mechanical interfacial issue

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Persistence of fertilization effects on soil organic carbon in degraded alpine wetlands in the Yellow River source region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1358-1371页

作者： DUAN Peng WEI Rongyi WANG Fangping LI Yongxiao SONG Ci HU Bixia YANG Ping ZHOU Huakun YAO Buqing ZHAO Zhizhong Qinghai University Xining 810016China Qinghai Transportation Planning and Design Institute Co.Ltd Xining 810000China Key laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Chinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China Key laboratory of Restoration Ecology of Cold Area in Qinghai Province Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China Qinghai University of Science and Technology Xining 810016China

In the restoration of degraded wetlands,fertilization can improve the vegetation-soil-microorganisms complex,thereby affecting the organic carbon ***,it is currently unclear whether these effects are *** study employed Biolog-Eco surveys to investigate the changes in vegetation characteristics,soil physicochemical properties,and soil microbial functional diversity in degraded alpine wetlands of the source region of the Yellow River at 3 and 15 months after the application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and organic mixed *** following results were obtained:The addition of nitrogen fertilizer and organic compost significantly affects the soil organic carbon content in degraded *** months after fertilization,nitrogen addition increases soil organic carbon in both lightly and severely degraded wetlands,whereas after 15 months,organic compost enhanced the soil organic carbon level in severely degraded *** equation modeling indicates that fertilization decreases the soil pH and directly or indirectly influences the soil organic carbon levels through variations in the soil water content and the aboveground biomass of *** months after fertilization,nitrogen fertilizer showed a direct positive effect on soil organic ***,organic mixed fertilizer indirectly reduced soil organic carbon by increasing biomass and decreasing soil *** 15 months,none of the fertilizers significantly affected the soil organic carbon *** summary,it can be inferred that the addition of nitrogen fertilizer lacks sustainability in positively influencing the organic carbon content.

关键词： Degraded alpine wetlands Fertilizer Soil organic carbon Temporal variation Vegetation aboveground biomass Yellow River source region

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Machine learning assisted adsorption performance evaluation of biochar on heavy metal

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 29-42页

作者： Qiannan Duan Pengwei Yan Yichen Feng Qianru Wan Xiaoli Zhu Shaanxi Key laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity College of Urban and Environmental SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’an710127China Department of Environment Science Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an710062China

Heavy metals(HMs)represent pervasive and highly toxic environmental pollutants,known for their long latency periods and high toxicity levels,which pose significant challenges for their removal and ***,the removal of heavy metals from the environment is crucial to ensure the water *** materials,known for their intricate pore structures and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups,are frequently harnessed for their effectiveness in mitigating heavy metal ***,conventional tests for optimizing biochar synthesis and assessing their heavy metal adsorption capabilities can be both costly and *** address this challenge,this paper proposes a data-driven machine learning(ML)approach to identify the optimal biochar preparation and adsorption reaction conditions,with the ultimate goal of maximizing their adsorption *** utilizing a data set comprising 476 instances of heavy metal absorption by biochar,seven classical integrated models and one stacking model were trained to rapidly predict the efficiency of heavy metal adsorption by *** predictions were based on diverse physicochemical properties of biochar and the specific adsorption reaction *** results demonstrate that the stacking model,which integrates multiple algorithms,allows for training with fewer samples to achieve higher prediction accuracy and improved generalization ability.

关键词： Machine learning Biochar Heavy metal Adsorption efficiency

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