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Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activity of ethyl acetate fraction of Rhododendron arboreum Smith flowers in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and its role in regulating carbohydrate metabolism

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第9期2卷 696-701页

作者： Neeraj Verma G Amresh PK Sahu Ch V Rao Anil Pratap Singh Department of Pharmacology Goel Institute of Pharmacy&SciencesFaizabad Road(Near Indira Canal) Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSiksha'O' Anusandhan UniversityKalinga NagarGhatikia pharmacognosy and ethnopharmacology division National Botanical Research Institute(Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)Rana Pratap Marg

Objective:To explore and identify the most potent antihyperglycemic fraction from the ethanol extract of Rhododendron arboreum(***)***:Normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were treated with all four fractions of *** flowers for short term and with fraction 3 for long term *** completion of the treatment,a range of indicators were tested including fasting blood glucose,plasma protein,haemoglobin A1C,insulin secretion,body weight,blood lipid profile and carbohydrate metabolism regulating enzymes of ***:In short term study,the fraction 3(Active fraction)produced a significant(P<0.0001)reduction(73.6%)in blood glucose level at a dose of 200 mg/kg after the treatment in the diabetic *** of active fraction(200 and 400 mg/kg)once daily for 30 d in streptozotocin diabetic rats resulted in a significant(P<0.001 to P<0.0001)fall in blood glucose level,hemoglobin A1C,serum urea and creatinine with significant but a increase in insulin level similar to standard drug ***,the active fraction showed antihyperlipidemic activity as evidenced by significant(P<0.001 to P<0.0001)decreases in serum serum total cholesterol,triglycerides,low density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density cholesterol levels coupled together with elevation of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in the diabetic ***:The active fraction of *** flowers decreases streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia by promoting insulin secretion and glycolysis and by decreasing gluconeogenesis.

关键词： Antihyperglycemic Antihyperlipidemic Ethanol Fraction Rhododendron arboreum Streptozotocin

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Effect of Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) *** extract on preadipocytes viability and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第5期6卷 360-365页

作者： M Saravanan Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu division of ethnopharmacology Entomology Research InstituteLoyola CollegeChennaiTamilnadu 600 034India Entomology Research Institute Loyola CollegeChennaiTamilnadu 600 034India

Objective:To investigate the crude extracts of Ichnacarpus frutescens(***) for antiobesity ***:Leaves of *** were sequentially extracted with hexane,ethyl acetate, and methanol and their effect on viability of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were *** on this the apoptosis on preadipocytes was confirmed by DMA fragmentation and LDH(Lactate dehydrogenase) leakage ***-adipogenesis was performed by oil red O(ORO) staining and free glycerol release in the medium of differentiated ***:The hexane extract of ***(IFHE) inhibited cell viability in a time- and dose-related *** increased release of *** a marker of membrane integrity,was observed at a dose of 200μg/mL The discontinuous DMA fragments on agarose gel electrophoresis showed the apoptotic effect of the *** observations of cells stained with ORG showed a decrease in cellular lipid content at the concentrations tested compared to the induced control *** the experiment of lipolytic activity,treatment with IFHE enhanced glycerol secretion with the rates of approximately 28%.55%,and 46%at the concentrations of 100,200 and 300μg/mL,***: The observed properties clearly revealed the medicinal property of *** in the treatment of obesity.

关键词： Obesity Adipocytes Apoptosis Adipogenesis

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Ameliorative effect of alkaloid extract of Cyclea peltata(Poir.) Hook.f.& ***(ACP) on APAP/CC1_4 induced liver toxicity in Wistar rats and in vitro free radical scavenging property

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第2期4卷 143-151页

作者： Varghese Jancy Shine Panikamparambil Gopalakrishnan Latha Somasckharan Nair Rajam Suja Gangadharan Indira Anuja Gopan Raj Sreedharan Nair Rajasekharan division of Ethnomedicine and ethnopharmacology Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute(JNTBGRI)TrivandrumKerala 695562India Deparment of Chemistry Sree Narayana CollegePunalurKollam- 691305KeralaIndia

Objective:To evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of alkaloid extract of Cyclea peltata(***) against paracetamol/carbon tetra chloride induced liver damage in Wistar ***:In viro paracetamol/carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in Wistar rats,in vitro free radical scavenging studies,HPTLC estimation of letrandrine and direct analysis in real timemass spectrometry of alkaloid extract of *** were used for the ***:The results showed that pretreatment with alkaloid extract of *** caused significant reduction of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase,serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase,serum alkaline phosphatase,serum cholesterol,liver malondialdehyde *** reduced glutathione,catalase,superoxide dismutase levels in liver were increased with alkaloid extract of *** *** results were almost comparable to silymarin and normal *** studies also substantiated the biochemical *** in vitro hydroxyl,superoxide and DPPH scavenging study of alkaloid extract of C. peltata showed significant free radical scavenging ***:The hepatoprotective property of alkaloid extract of *** against paracetamol/carbon tetrachloride may be due the synergistic action of alkaloids especially tetrandrine,fangchinoline through free radical scavenging and thus preventing oxidative stress.

关键词： Tetrandrine Glutathione Catalase Superoxide dismutase Hydroxyl Malondialdehyde

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Effect of Biophytum sensitivum on streptozotocin and nicotinamideinduced diabetic rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第1期2卷 31-35页

作者： Ananda Prabu K Kumarappan CT Sunil Christudas Kalaichelvan VK Department of Pharmacology Annamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar Department of Life sciences School of Pharmacy&Health SciencesInternational Medical University division of ethnopharmacology Entomology Research Institute

Objective:To investigate the effect of aqueous solution of Biophytum sensUiuum leaf extract(BSEt)on normal and strcptozotocin(STZ)-nicotinamide-induced diabetic ***:Diabetes was induced in adult male Wislar rata by the administration of STZ-nicotinamide(40,110 mg/kg b.w.,respectively)***(200 mg/kg)was administered to diabetic rats for 28 *** effect of extract on blood glucose,plasma insulin,total haemoglobin,glycosylated haemoglobin,liver glycogen and carbohydrate melatxilism regulating enzymes of liver was studied in diabetic ***:BSEt significantly reduced the blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin levels and significantly increased the total haemoglobin,plasma insulin and liver glycogen levels in diabetic *** also increased the hexokinase activity and decreased glucose-6-phosphatase,fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activities in diabetic ***:The results of our study suggest that BSEt possesses a promising effecl on STZ-nicotinamide-induced diabetes.

关键词： Biophytum sensitivum Carbohydrate metabolism Diabetes mellitus Streptozotocin-nicotinamide

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Bioautography and its scope in the field of natural product chemistry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2015年第2期5卷 75-84页

作者： Saikat Dewanjee Moumita Gangopadhyay Niloy Bhattacharya Ritu Khanra Tarun K.Dua Advanced pharmacognosy Research Laboratory Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jadavpur University Biophysics division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics

Medicinal plants, vegetables and fruits are the sources of huge number of bioactive lead/scaffolds with therapeutic and nutraceutical importance. Bioautography is a means of target-directed isolation of active molecules on chromatogram. Organic solvents employed in chromatographic separation process can be completely removed before biological detection because these solvents cause inactivation of enzymes and/or death of living organisms. They offer a rapid and easy identification of bioactive lead/scaffolds in complex matrices of plant extracts. Bioautography is a technique to isolate hit（s）/lead（s） by employing a suitable chromatographic process followed by a biological detection system. This review critically describes the methodologies to identify antimicrobial, antioxidant, enzyme inhibitor lead/scaffolds by employing bioautography. A significant number of examples have been incorporated to authenticate the methodologies.

关键词： Bioactivity Bioassay Bioautography Detection principle Thin layer chromatography

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Hematological, antioxidant and protective performance of Usnea longissima on chemical induced hepatotoxicity in experimental animals

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第5期5卷 224-232页

作者： Pritt Verma Shravan Kumar Paswan Abhisek Raj Virendra Nath Ramesh Kumar Gupta Shikhar Verma Sajal Srivastava ChandanaVenketshwara Rao pharmacognosy and ethnopharmacology division CSIR-National Botanical Research InstituteLucknowIndia Amity Institute of Pharmacy Amity UniversityLucknowIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central University of RajasthanRajasthanIndia Sherwood College of Pharmacy Barabanki-225001India

Objective: To investigated the hematological, antioxidant and protective performance of Usnea longissima (U. longissima) on CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in experimental animals. Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by CCl4 (1 mL/kg body weigt 1:1 CCl4 i.p.), ethanolic U. longissima extracts at a doses (200 and 400 mg/kg body weigt) were administered to and compared with Silymarin (25 mg/kg body weigt) and hematological, antioxidant and enzymatic, non-enzymatic parameters were assessed through the liver functions test. All the observation was also supplemented with histopathological examination of liver sections. Results: Phytochemical investigation showed that ethanolic extract contains poly phenolic compounds tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids and saponins and acute toxicity study shows that ethanolic extract was safe up to 2000 mg/kg body weight. The toxicant induced a rise in the plasma enzyme levels of ALT, AST, ALP and total bilirubin level. This increased level was significantly decreased by the extract at 400 mg/kg body weight than 200 mg/kg body weight. The animals were prevented (partly or fully) which was showed in the histopathological changes using ethonolic U. longissima extract. Conclusions: The outcome of this study reveals that, there is a powerful antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of U. longissima. It is believed that the present constituents are responsible for courting the hepatic disease and alternative components have the power to act as free radical scavenging properties.

关键词： Usnea longissima Carbon tetra chloride (CCl4) Hematological Antioxidant Histopathological

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Gastroprotective effect of the iridoid fraction from Barleria prionitis leaves on experimentally-induced gastric ulceration

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第10期12卷 738-744页

作者： Sunil K.Jaiswal Mukesh K.Dubey Sanjib Das Ch.V.Rao Department of Pharmacy Rameshwaram Institutes of Technology & Management Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Dibrugarh University pharmacognosy & ethnopharmacology Div. National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR)Rana Pratap MargLucknow 226001Uttar PradeshIndia

AIM: To study the gastroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant potential of a standardized iridoid fraction from B. prionitis leaves(BPE) against different gastric ulcer models in rats. METHOD: The standardized iridoid fraction from BPE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight was administered orally, twice daily for 5 days for prevention from aspirin, ethanol, cold-restraint stress(CRS), and pylorus ligation(PL)-induced ulcers. Estimation of the antioxidant enzyme activity was carried out in a CRS-induced ulcer model, and various gastric secretion parameters including volume of gastric juice, acid output, and pH value were estimated in the PL-induced ulcer model. RESULTS: BPE showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effect in PL(18.67%–66.26% protection), aspirin(24.65%–63.25% protection), CRS(20.77%–59.42% protection), and EtOH(16.93%–77.04% protection)-induced ulcers. BPE treatment in PL-rats showed a decrease in acid-pepsin secretion, and enhanced mucin and mucosal glycoproteins. However, BPE reduced the ulcer index with significant decrease in LPO(P < 0.01–0.001), SOD(P < 0.01–0.001), and an increase in CAT(P < 0.01–0.001), activity in the CRS-induced model. CONCLUSION: The data shows that the iridoid fraction from BPE possesses anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant potential.

关键词： Barleria prionitis Iridoid HPTLC Anti-ulcer activity Antioxidant enzymes

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Central nervous system activity of Illicium verum fruit extracts

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2013年第11期6卷 869-875页

作者： Divya Chouksey Neeraj Upmanyu RS Pawar Phytochemistry and pharmacognosy division VNS Institute of PharmacyNeelbudBHOPALM.P.India R.K.D.F.College of Pharmacy Hoshangabad RoadBhopalM.P.-462047.India

Objective:To research the acute toxicity of Illicium verum(***)fruit extracts and its action on central nervous ***:The TLC and HPTLC techniques were used as fingerprints to determine the chemical components present in *** albino rats and mice were utilized for *** powdered material was successively extracted with n-hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol using a Soxhlet *** toxicity studies were performed as per OECD *** CNS activity was evaluated on parameters of general behavior,sleeping pattern,locomotor activity,anxicty and myocoordination *** animals were trained for seven days prior to experiments and the divided into five groups with six animals in *** drug was administered by intraperitoneal route according to body *** dosing was done as prescribed in each ***:Toxicity studies reported 2 000 mg/kg as toxicological dose and 1/10 of the same dose was taken as therapeutic dose Intraperitoneal injection of all extracts at dose of 200 mg prolonged phenobarbitone induced sleeping time,produced alteration in general behavior pattern,reduced locomotor activity and produced anxiolytic effects but the extracts do not significantly alter muscles coordination *** three extracts of *** at the dose of 200 mg,methanol extract was found to produce more prominent effects,then hexane and ethylacetate ***:The observation suggested that the extracts of I. verum possess potent CNS depressant action and anxiolytic effect without interfering with motor coordination.

关键词： Illicium verum TLC HPTLC Anxiolytic CNS depressant

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Multi-targeting cytotoxic drug leads from mushrooms

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第12期12卷 531-536页

作者： MVNL Chaitanya Asha Jose P Ramalingam SC Mandal P Narendra Kumar Phytomedicine&Phytochemistry division Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education&Research(RIPER)(AUTONOMOUS)campusAnantapuramuAPIndia Department of Pharmacology Karpagam College of PharmacyOthakkalmadapamCoimbatore 32TamilnaduIndia RERDS-CPR Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education&Research(RIPER)(AUTONOMOUS)AnantapuramuAPIndia pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Research Laboratory Division of PharmacognosyDepartment of Pharmaceutical TechnologyJadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India School of Crop Production Technology Suranaree University of TechnologyThailand

Due to genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, cancer have become a resistant disease and there is a need for new molecules having multiple targeting action that promotes apoptosis. Phytomolecules having multiple targeting anticancer activity are in high demand and there is less documentation or information available on these metabolites. It is evident that mushrooms are became the store houses of new anticancer molecules and mushrooms like Agaricus blazei, Antrodia camphorate, Albatrellus confluens, Bolteus badius, Cordyceps militaris, Clitocybe maxima, Funalia trogii, Grifola frondosa, and Inocybe umbrinella, are some of the medicinal mushrooms reported for their cytotoxic activity. Cytotoxic molecules like lentinan, grifolin, illudin-S, psilocybin, ganoderic acid, theanine, and hispolon, have been isolated from various mushroom species. However, studies have been limited only to in vitro cytotoxic mechanisms and very few trials have been conducted to prove the clinical efficacy of these drug leads. Hence, the current review focuses on new anticancer metabolites isolated from various mushrooms having multiple targeting mechanisms in cancer. However, an extensive research is needed to define the biosynthesis and clinical mechanism of these multiple acting metabolites. This review provides a platform for researchers new anticancer drugs and to bring out potent multiple acting anticancer newer drugs.

关键词： Cancer Phytomolecules Multiple targeting Anticancer Drugs Leads

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Evaluation of chemopreventive effect of Fumaria indica against N-nitrosodiethylamine and CCl_4-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Wistar rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第8期5卷 623-629页

作者： Talib Hussain Hefazat H Siddiqui Sheeba Fareed M Vijayakumar Chandana V Rao Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyIntegral Universitykursi roadLucknow-226026Uttar PradeshIndia pharmacognosy and ethnopharmacology division National Botanical Research Institute(CSIR)Rana Pratap MargP.B.No.436Lucknow 226 001Uttar PradeshIndia

Objective:To investigation the chemopreventive potential of Fumaria indica（***） extract（FIE） on N-nitrosodiethylamine and CCl4-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wislar ***:The experimental animals were divided into six groups（n=6）.Hepatocellular carcinoma was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of N-nitrosodiethylamine（NDEA） in normal saline at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight followed by weekly subcutaneous injections of CCl4（3 mL/kg/week） for 6 weeks,as the promoter of carcinogenic *** administration of the carcinogen,200 and 400 mg/kg of FIE were administered orally once a day throughout the *** the end of 20 weeks,the body weight,liver weight and relative liver weight were *** percentage of nodule incidence and liver cancer markers such as aspartate transaminase（AST）,alanine transaminase（ALT）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP）,γ-glutamyl transferase（γ-GT）,total bilirubin level（TBL）,α-feto protein（AFP） and carcinoembryonic antigen were estimated along with histopathological investigation in experimental groups of rats. Results:Obtained results demonstrated that the cotreatment with FIE significantly prevented the decrease of the body weight and also increased in relative liver weight caused by NDEA. The treatment with FIE significantly reduced the nodule incidence and nodule multiplicity in the rats after NDEA *** levels of liver cancer markers such as AST,ALT,ALP,γ-glutamyl transferase,TBL,AFP and carcinoembryonic antigen were substantially increased by NDEA ***,FIE treatment significantly reduced the liver injury and restored the entire liver cancer *** observations of liver tissues too correlated with the biochemical ***:These finding powerfully supports that *** exert chemopreventive effect by suppressing the tumor burden and restoring the activities of hepatic cancer marker enzymes on NDEA and CCl4-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wis

关键词： Fumaria indica Hepatocellular carcinoma N-nitrosodiethylamine Alkaline phosphatase α-feto protein

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