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Innovations and applications of the thermal recovery techniques for heavy oil

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 8-19页

作者： Huanquan Sun Haitao Wang Xulong Cao Qinglin Shu Zheyuan Fan Guanghuan Wu Yuanliang Yang Yongchao Wu china petroleum&chemical corporation Beijing100728China petroleum exploration and production Research institute SINOPECBeijing100083China Shengli Oilfield Company DongyingShandong257001China

Heavy oil represents a vital petroleum resource *** one of the major producers,china is facing great challenges in effective and economic production of heavy oil due to reservoir *** of efforts have been made to promote innovative advances in thermal recovery modes,methods,and processes for heavy oil in the *** thermal recovery mode has been shifted from simple steam injection to a more comprehensive“thermal+"strategy,such as a novel N2-steam hybrid process and CO_(2)-enhanced thermal recovery *** advanced techniques break through the challenges of heavy oil extraction from less accessible reservoirs with thinner oil layers and greater burial *** thermal recovery methods,china has developed the steam-assisted gravity drainage method integrating flooding and drainage(also referred to as the hybrid flooding-drainage SAGD technology)for highly heterogeneous ultra-heavy oil reservoirs and the fire flooding method for nearly depleted heavy oil reservoirs,substantially improving oil ***,a range of processes have been developed for heavy oil production,including the open hole completion process using sand control screens for horizontal wells,the process of integrated injection-recovery with horizontal pump for horizontal wells,the steam dryness maintenance,measurement,and control process,efficient and environment-friendly circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boilers with high steam dryness,the recycling process of produced water,and the thermal recovery process for offshore heavy *** on the advances in methodology,technology,and philosophy,a series of supporting technologies for heavy oil production have been developed,leading to the breakthrough of existing technical limit of heavy oil recovery and the expansion into new exploitation *** the future heavy oil production in china,it is necessary to embrace a green,low-carbon,and energy-efficient development strategy,and to expand heavy oil extr

关键词： Heavy oil Thermal recovery Process technology Hybrid thermal production

A semi-analytical pressure and rate transient analysis model for inner boundary and propped fractures exhibiting dynamic behavior under long-term production conditions

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petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2520-2535页

作者： Lin-Song Cheng Chong Cao Quan-Yu Pan Pin Jia Ren-Yi Cao Zhi-Kai Wang Jun-Jie Shi College of petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing) Sinopec petroleum exploration and production Research institute CNOOC Research institute State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Protection and Utilization in Coal Mining

The loss of hydrocarbon production caused by the dynamic behavior of the inner boundary and propped fractures under long-term production conditions has been widely reported in recent studies. However,the quantitative relationships for the variations of the inner boundary and propped fractures have not been determined and incorporated in the semi-analytical models for the pressure and rate transient analysis. This work focuses on describing the variations of the inner boundary and propped fractures and capturing the typical characteristics from the pressure transient curves.A generalized semi-analytical model was developed to characterize the dynamic behavior of the inner boundary and propped fractures under long-term production conditions. The pressure-dependent length shrinkage coefficients, which quantify the length changes of the inner zone and propped fractures, are modified and incorporated into this multi-zone semi-analytical model. With simultaneous numerical iterations and numerical inversions in Laplace and real-time space, the transient solutions to pressure and rate behavior are determined in just a few seconds. The dynamic behavior of the inner boundary and propped fractures on transient pressure curves is divided into five periods: fracture bilinear flow(FR1),dynamic PFs flow(FR2), inner-area linear flow(FR3), dynamic inner boundary flow(FR4), and outer-area dominated linear flow(FR5). The early hump during FR2 period and a positive upward shift during FR4period are captured on the log-log pressure transient curves, reflecting the dynamic behavior of the inner boundary and propped fractures during the long-term production *** transient pressure behavior will exhibit greater positive upward trend and the flow rate will be lower with the shrinkage of the inner boundary. The pressure derivative curve will be upward earlier as the inner boundary shrinks more rapidly. The lower permeability caused by the closure of un-propped fractures in the inner zo

关键词： Semi-analytical model Length shrinkage Dynamic behavior Boundary changes Transient behavior

The Middle and Lower Cambrian salt tectonics in the central Tarim Basin,china:A case study based on strike-slip fault characterization

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 53-61页

作者： Qing Bian Jibiao Zhang Cheng Huang SINOPEC petroleum exploration and production Research institute BeijingChina SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield Company UrumuqiChina

Due to the considerable depth of the salt layers and the lack of calibration by exploratory drilling,the interpretation of the Middle and Lower Cambrian salt formations in the central Tarim Basin poses a *** this paper,we apply the coupling and decoupling deformation theory in salt tectonics to analyze the No.7 fault mapped in the seismic datasets by the response characteristics of the Middle and Lower Cambrian *** quantifying the stratigraphic framework of the Middle and Lower Cambrian strata,we define the position of the salt layer with the seismic *** decoupling is observed in the Middle and Lower Cambrian sequences in the Shuntuoguole Low Uplift,while deformation coupling is observed in these two sequences in the Shaya Uplift.

关键词： Tarim Basin Salt tectonics Strike-slip fault Structural analysis Seismic interpretation of decoupling zone

Dynamic interwell connectivity analysis of multi-layer waterflooding reservoirs based on an improved graph neural network

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petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1062-1080页

作者： Zhao-Qin Huang Zhao-Xu Wang Hui-Fang Hu Shi-Ming Zhang Yong-Xing Liang Qi Guo Jun Yao School of petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina exploration and Development Research institute Shengli OilfieldSINOPECDongying257015ShandongChina

The analysis of interwell connectivity plays an important role in the formulation of oilfield development plans and the description of residual oil distribution. In fact, sandstone reservoirs in china's onshore oilfields generally have the characteristics of thin and many layers, so multi-layer joint production is usually adopted. It remains a challenge to ensure the accuracy of splitting and dynamic connectivity in each layer of the injection-production wells with limited field data. The three-dimensional well pattern of multi-layer reservoir and the relationship between injection-production wells can be equivalent to a directional heterogeneous graph. In this paper, an improved graph neural network is proposed to construct an interacting process mimics the real interwell flow regularity. In detail, this method is used to split injection and production rates by combining permeability, porosity and effective thickness, and to invert the dynamic connectivity in each layer of the injection-production wells by attention *** on the material balance and physical information, the overall connectivity from the injection wells,through the water injection layers to the production layers and the output of final production wells is established. Meanwhile, the change of well pattern caused by perforation, plugging and switching of wells at different times is achieved by updated graph structure in spatial and temporal ways. The effectiveness of the method is verified by a combination of reservoir numerical simulation examples and field example. The method corresponds to the actual situation of the reservoir, has wide adaptability and low cost, has good practical value, and provides a reference for adjusting the injection-production relationship of the reservoir and the development of the remaining oil.

关键词： Graph neural network Dynamic interwell connectivity production-injection splitting Attention mechanism Multi-layer reservoir

Impact of volcanism on the formation and hydrocarbon generation of organic-rich shale in the Jiyang Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, china

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petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1539-1551页

作者： Jia-Hong Gao Xin-Ping Liang Zhi-Jun Jin Quan-You Liu Chang-Rong Li Xiao-Wei Huang Ju-Ye Shi Peng Li State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Efficient Development Institute of EnergyPeking University petroleum exploration and production Research institute SINOPECBeijing100871 China School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing100083 China

Globally,most organic-rich shales are deposited with volcanic ash *** ash,a source for many sedimentary basins,can affect the sedimentary water environment,alter the primary productivity,and preserve the organic matter(OM)through physical,chemical,and biological *** an increasing number of breakthroughs in shale oil exploration in the Bohai Bay Basin in recent years,less attention has been paid to the crucial role of volcanic impact especially its influence on the OM enrichment and hydrocarbon ***,we studied the petrology,mineralogy,and geochemical characteristics of the organic-rich shale in the upper submember of the fourth member(Es_(4)^(1))and the lower submember of the third member(Es_(3)^(3))of the Shahejie Formation,aiming to better understand the volcanic impact on organic-rich shale *** results show that total organic carbon is higher in the upper shale intervals rich in volcanic ash with enriched light rare earth elements and moderate Eu *** indicates that volcanism promoted OM formation before or after the *** positive correlation between Eu/Eu*and Post-Archean Australian Shale indicates hydrothermal activity before the volcanic *** plane graph of the hydrocarbon-generating intensity(S1+S2)suggests that the heat released by volcanism promoted hydrocarbon ***,the nutrients carried by volcanic ash promoted biological blooms during Es_(4)^(1 )and Es_(3)^(3) deposition,yielding a high primary *** blooms consume large amounts of oxygen and form anoxic environments conducive to the burial and preservation of ***,this study helps to further understand the organic-inorganic interactions caused by typical geological events and provides a guide for the next step of shale oil exploration and development in other lacustrine basins in china.

关键词： Volcanic ash Hydrocarbon generation Organic-rich shale Shahejie Formation Jiyang Depression

Prediction of Porous Media Fluid Flow with Spatial Heterogeneity Using Criss-Cross Physics-Informed Convolutional Neural Networks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1323-1340页

作者： Jiangxia Han Liang Xue Ying Jia Mpoki Sam Mwasamwasa Felix Nanguka Charles Sangweni Hailong Liu Qian Li State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China Department of Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering College of Petroleum EngineeringChina University of PetroleumBeijing102249China exploration production Research institute SinopecBeijing102249China Ministry of Energy Tanzania Petroleum Development CorporationTowerDar es Salaam2774Tanzania Ministry of Energy Building Petroleum Upstream Regulatory Authority in Tanzania(PURA)Dar es Salaam11439Tanzania

Recent advances in deep neural networks have shed new light on physics,engineering,and scientific *** the data-centered viewpoint with physical simulation is one of the research *** physicsinformedneural network(PINN)is currently the most general framework,which is more popular due to theconvenience of constructing NNs and excellent generalization *** automatic differentiation(AD)-basedPINN model is suitable for the homogeneous scientific problem;however,it is unclear how AD can enforce fluxcontinuity across boundaries between cells of different properties where spatial heterogeneity is represented bygrid cells with different physical *** this work,we propose a criss-cross physics-informed convolutionalneural network(CC-PINN)learning architecture,aiming to learn the solution of parametric PDEs with spatialheterogeneity of physical *** achieve the seamless enforcement of flux continuity and integration ofphysicalmeaning into CNN,a predefined 2D convolutional layer is proposed to accurately express transmissibilitybetween adjacent *** efficacy of the proposedmethodwas evaluated through predictions of several petroleumreservoir problems with spatial heterogeneity and compared against state-of-the-art(PINN)through numericalanalysis as a benchmark,which demonstrated the superiority of the proposed method over the PINN.

关键词： Physical-informed neural networks(PINN) flow in porous media convolutional neural networks spatial heterogeneity machine learning

An Experimental Study on the Effect of a Nanofluid on Oil-Water Relative Permeability

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第6期20卷 1265-1277页

作者： Hui Tian Dandan Zhao Yannan Wu Xingyu Yi Jun Ma Xiang Zhou Baikouquan Oil production Plant PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay834000China Research institute of petroleum exploration Development PetroChina Liaohe OilfieldPanjin124010China petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Oil and Gas Development Haosheng Xincheng Energy TechnologyLtd.of SicuanChengdu610213China

The low porosity and low permeability of tight oil reservoirs call for improvements in the current technologies for oil *** chemical solutions with large molecular size cannot effectively flow through the nanopores of the *** this study,the feasibility of Nanofluids has been investigated using a high pressure high temperature core-holder and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The results of the experiments indicate that the specified Nanofluids can enhance the tight oil recovery *** water and oil relative permeability curve shifts to the high water saturation side after Nanofluid flooding,thereby demonstrating an increase in the water wettability of the *** the Nanofluid flooding process the oil recovery was enhanced by 15.1%,compared to waterflooding *** T2 spectra using the NMR show that after Nanofluid flooding,a 7.18%increment in oil recovery factor was gained in the small pores,a 4.9%increase in the middle pores,and a 0.29%increase in the large *** results confirm that the Nanofluids can improve the flow state in micro-sized pores inside the core and increase the ultimate oil recovery factor.

关键词： Tight oil reservoir nanofluid relative permeability nuclear magnetic resonance T2 spectrum

Rheological study of methane gas hydrates in the presence of micron-sized sand particles

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Chinese Journal of chemical Engineering 2024年第6期70卷 149-161页

作者： Bohui Shi Shangfei Song Yuchuan Chen Shunkang Fu Lihao Liu Xinyao Yang Haihao Wu Guangjin Chen Jing Gong National Engineering Research Center of Oil and Gas Pipeline Transportation Safety MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum EngineeringBeijing Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution TechnologyChina University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing 102249China china's Oil and Gas exploration and Development Company(CNODC) Beijing 100034China china National petroleum corporation Mozambique LDA MaputoMozambique Pipechina West East Pipeline Company Shanghai 200122China

Natural gas hydrates,intricate crystalline structures formed by water molecules and small gas molecules,have emerged as a significant and globally impactful clean energy ***,their commercial exploitation faces challenges,particularly operational disruptions caused by sand-related *** the rheological properties of hydrate slurry,especially in the presence of micron-sized sand particles,is imperative for ensuring the flow assurance of subsea hydrate *** study extensively investigates the rheological properties of sand-containing hydrate *** findings reveal that these slurries exhibit non-Newtonian fluid characteristics,including yield stress,thixotropy,and shear-thinning ***-like elastic features are observed in sand-containing hydrate slurries before yielding,transitioning to viscous behavior after *** with a minimal amount of sand,both static yield stress and yield strain experience substantial changes,correlating with the increase in sand *** research conclusively establishes the thixotropic nature of sand-hydrate slurries,where the viscosity decay rate is directly influenced by the shear *** insights aim to contribute comprehensively to the development of effective flow assurance strategies,ensuring the safe and stable operation of subsea hydrate exploitation.

关键词： Natural gas hydrate production Sand-containing hydrate slurries Yield stress Thixotropy Shear-thinning behavior

Complete kinetic model for esterification reaction of lauric acid with glycerol to synthesize glycerol monolaurate

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Chinese Journal of chemical Engineering 2024年第6期70卷 211-221页

作者： Han-Qiao Hu Yue Zhang Ming Fan Yong Cai Guang-Wen Chu Liang-Liang Zhang Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Petrochemical Research institute China National Petroleum CorporationBeijing 102206China

Glycerol monolaurate(GML)is a widely used industrial chemical with excellent emulsification and antibacterial *** direct esterification of glycerol with lauric acid is the main method to synthesize *** this work,the kinetic process of direct esterification was systematically studied using p-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst.A complete kinetic model of consecutive esterification reaction has been established,and the kinetic equation of acid catalysis was *** isomerization reactions of GML and glycerol dilaurate were *** was found that the reaction was an equilibrium reaction and the reaction rate was faster than the esterification *** kinetic equations of the consecutive esterification reaction were obtained by experiments as k_(1)=(276+92261Xcat)exp(-37720/RT)and k_(2)=(80+4413Xcat)exp(-32240/RT).The kinetic results are beneficial to the optimization of operating conditions and reactor design in GML production process.

关键词： Glycerol monolaurate p-Toluenesulfonic acid Esterification Kinetics Mass transfer