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Interleukin-1:an important target for perinatal neuroprotection?

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中国神经再生研究：英文版 2023年第1期18卷 47-50页

作者： Sharmony B.Kelly Elys Green Rod W.Hunt Claudia A.Nold-Petry Alistair J.Gunn Marcel F.Nold Robert Galinsky The Ritchie centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash UniversityVictoriaAustralia Department of Pediatrics Monash UniversityVictoriaAustralia Monash Newborn Monash Children’s HospitalMelbourneAustralia Department of Physiology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

perinatal inflammation is a significant risk factor for lifelong neurodevelopmental impairments such as cerebral *** clinical and preclinical evidence links the severity and pattern of perinatal inflammation to impaired maturation of white and grey matters and reduced brain *** pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of perinatal ***,studies of human and experimental perinatal encephalopathy have demonstrated a strong causative link between perinatal encephalopathy and excessive production of the pro-inflammatory effector cytokine *** this review,we summarize clinical and preclinical evidence that underpins interleukin-1 as a critical factor in initiating and perpatuating systemic and central nervous system inflammation and subsequent perinatal brain *** also highlight the important role of endogenous interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in mitigating interleukin-1-driven neuroinflammation and tissue damage,and summarize outcomes from clinical and mechanistic animal studies that establish the commercially available interleukin-1 receptor antagonist,anakinra,as a safe and effective therapeutic *** reflect on the evidence supporting clinical translation of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist for infants at the greatest risk of perinatal inflammation and impaired neurodevelopment,and suggest a path to advance interleukin-1 receptor antagonist along the translational path for perinatal neuroprotection.

关键词： brain inflammation interleukin-1 receptor antagonist interleukin-1 interleukin-1β neonatal encephalopathy neuroprotection preterm brain injury

Changes in fetal mannose and other carbohydrates induced by a maternal insulin infusion in pregnant sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 222-229页

作者： Laura D Brown Stephanie R Thorn Alex Cheung Jinny R Lavezzi Frederick C Battaglia Paul J Rozance perinatal research Center Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine Center for Women’s Health research University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine

Background： The importance of non-glucose carbohydrates, especially mannose and inositol, for normal development is increasingly recognized. Whether pregnancies complicated by abnormal glucose transfer to the fetus also affect the regulation of non-glucose carbohydrates is unknown. In pregnant sheep, maternal insulin infusions were used to reduce glucose supply to the fetus for both short （2-wk） and long （8-wk） durations to test the hypothesis that a maternal insulin infusion would suppress fetal mannose and inositol concentrations. We also used direct fetal insulin infusions （1-wk hyperinsulinemic-isoglycemic clamp） to determine the relative importance of fetal glucose and insulin for regulating non-glucose carbohydrates. Results： A maternal insulin infusion resulted in lower maternal （50%, P 〈 0.01） and fetal （35-45%, P 〈 0.01） mannose concentrations, which were highly correlated （r^2 = 0.69, P 〈 0.01）. A fetal insulin infusion resulted in a 50% reduction of fetal mannose （P 〈 0.05）. Neither maternal nor fetal plasma inositol changed with exogenous insulin infusions. Additionally, maternal insulin infusion resulted in lower fetal sorbitol and fructose （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions： Chronically decreased glucose supply to the fetus as well as fetal hyperinsulinemia both reduce fetal non-glucose carbohydrates. Given the role of these carbohydrates in protein glycosylation and lipid production, more research on their metabolism in pregnancies complicated by abnormal glucose metabolism is clearly warranted.

关键词： Fructose Glucose Inositol Insulin Mannose Pregnancy

Pregnancy, preeclampsia and vascular tone

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Pregnancy, preeclampsia and vascular tone

Prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,associated factors and pregnancy complications in a primigravida population

11th International Vascular Neuroeffector Mechanisms and Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Medicine Symposia, Shanghai-Suzhou 2006

作者： Sandra T.Davidge perinatal research centre University of Alberta Canada

Decreased peripheral vascular resistance is essential for normal maternal adaptation to pregnancy. During early pregnancy, maternal blood volume increases -50% with an accompanying increase in cardiac output of 30-40%. To maintain normal blood pressure, there must be a decrease of similar magnitude in maternal vascular resistance. Failure to achieve this state of vasorelaxation can manifest in preeclampsia, a disorder of pregnancy characterized by

关键词： Pregnancy preeclampsia and vascular tone

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2023年第2期3卷 119-123页

作者： Rachel Mathew Benita P.Devanesan Srijana N.S.Sreedevi Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences&Research CentreThiruvalla689101KeralaIndia

Background:Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy(HDP)are among obstetrics'most intriguing and yet unsolved *** is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and *** study estimates the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy,their associated risk factors and pregnancy complications in primiparous ***:All primigravida who gave birth in our hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were included in the *** prevalence,risk factors,mode of delivery,and maternal and fetal outcomes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in primigravidae were collected from the patient's medical *** analysis was done using the SPSS 18.0 software *** Chi-square test was used to analyse the association between the risk factors and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in ***:A total of 807 women were included in the study,and the mean age was 26.34±3.84 *** prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in primigravidae was found to be 18.6%.Among the prevalent population,79.3%of women had gestational *** findings indicate that hypertension in pregnancy has a significant relationship with risk factors such as increased maternal age(p30 kg/m^(2)(pperinatal outcomes were placental abruption(p<0.001),postpartum haemorrhage(p<0.001),prematurity(p<0.001),and fetal growth restriction(p<0.001).Conclusion:The study emphasises the importance of knowledge and timely assessment of risk factors of *** also highlights the need for pre-conceptional counselling,which includes early detection,careful monitoring and treatment of HDP for preventing morbidity and mortality related to this disorder and it should be followed up even in the postpartum period.

关键词： Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy Maternal outcome perinatal outcome Primigravidae

Senescent remodeling of the immune system and its contribution to the predisposition of the elderly to infections

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第18期125卷 3325-3331页

作者： DEWAN Sheilesh Kumar ZHENG Song-bai XIA Shi-jin BILL Kalionis Department of Geriatric Medicine Huadong Hospital FudanUniversity China Shanghai 200040 Shanghai Institute of Huadong Hospital FudanUniversity China Shanghai 200040 Department of perinatal Medicine Pregnancy Research CentreUniversity of Melbourne Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Royal Women's Hospital Parkville VictoriaAustralia

Objective To review the senescent remodeling of the immune system with aging and its relevance to the increased susceptibility of the elderly to infectious diseases, along with an outlook on emerging immunological biomarkers. Data sources The data selected were from PubMed with relevant published articles in English or French from 1995 to the present. Searches were made using the terms immunosenescence and aging paired with the following： innate immunity, T-celr, B-cell, adaptive immunity and biomarkers. Articles were reviewed for additional citations and some information was gathered from web searches. Study selection Articles on aging of both the innate and adaptive immunity were reviewed, with special attention to the remodeling effect on the ability of the immune system to fight infectious diseases. Articles related to biomarkers of immunosenescence were selected with the goal of identifying immunological biomarkers predisposing the elderly to infections. Results Innate immunity is generally thought to be relatively well preserved or enhanced during aging compared with adaptive immunity which manifests more profound alterations. However, evidence, particularly in the last decade, reveals that both limbs of the immune system undergo profound remodeling with aging. Reported data on adaptive immunity is consistent and changes are well established but conflicting results about innate immunity were reported between in vivo and in vitro studies, as well as between murine and human studies. Epidemiological data suggests increased predisposition of the elderly to infections, but no compelling scientific evidence has directly linked senescent immune remodeling to this increased susceptibility. Recently, growing interest in identifying immunological biomarkers and defining immune risk phenotypes/profiles （IRP） has been expressed. Identification of biomarkers is in its early days and few potential biomarkers have been identified, with the Swedish having defined one IRP bas

关键词： senescent immune remodeling elderly, immunosenescence, infections, innate immunity, adaptive immunity,immune risk profile, immunological biomarker

Mothers’ Level of Schooling, Monitoring of Their Pregnancy and perinatal Prognosis at the Reference Health centre of Commune V of the District of Bamako

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第2期13卷 383-394页

作者： Albachar Hamidou Sitapha Dembélé Cheickna Sylla Sissoko Hamady Seydou Z. Dao Alou Samaké Saleck Doumbia Cissao Chiaka Sanogo Siaka Amara Sema Keita Reference Health Center of Kayes Kayes Mali Reference Health centre of Commune V of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali National centre for Scientific and Technological research in Bamako Bamako Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes Kayes Mali Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Gabriel Touré University Hospital Bamako Mali Reference Health centre of Commune III of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Reference Health centre of Commune II of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Reference Health centre of Commune VI of the District of Bamako Bamako Mali Reference Health Center of Fana Koulikoro Mali

Introduction: The level of schooling of mothers is a determining factor in the follow-up of pregnancy and consequently the prognosis of childbirth and the quality of the newborn. Objective: The aim was to assess the impact of the level of education on the follow-up of their pregnancy and perinatal prognosis at the Reference Health centre of Commune V of the District of Bamako. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional and analytical study aimed descriptive from August 15 to December 15, 2021. We included in this study all pregnant women who had a gestational age of at least 22 weeks of amenorrhea and who gave birth or were received in the immediate postpartum period at the maternity ward of the Reference Health Center of Commune V. Results: Out-of-school parturients accounted for 60% of cases. Among the parturients in school, 18% had a higher level. In our study, 14.3% of women in labour knew the date of the last menstrual period. In our series, 100% of mothers in higher and secondary school had completed an antenatal consultation (CPN) compared to 90.7% in the out-of-school mothers. CPN1 was performed in the first trimester of pregnancy in 21.1% among out-of-school parturients compared to 83.5% among higher-level parturients. The number of NPCs was greater than or equal to 4 in 47.9% of parturients. Conclusion: Women’s schooling has an impact on their socio-economic conditions on the one hand and on the monitoring and prognosis of pregnancies on the other.

关键词： Level Schooling Mothers Aftercare Pregnancy Prognosis

Neonatal lamb mortality:major risk factors and the potential ameliorative role of melatonin

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 451-461页

作者： Tom Flinn David O.Kleemann Alyce M.Swinbourne Jennifer M.Kelly Alice C.Weaver Simon K.Walker Kathryn L.Gatford Karen L.Kind William H.E.J.van Wettere Davies Livestock research centre School of Animal and Veterinary SciencesThe University of AdelaideRoseworthySAAustralia Turretfield research centre South Australian Research and Development InstituteRosedaleSAAustralia Robinson research Institute Adelaide Medical SchoolThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia

High incidences of pre-weaning mortality continue to limit global sheep production,constituting a major economic and welfare *** significant advances in genetics,nutrition,and management,the proportion of lamb deaths has remained stable at 15–20%over the past four *** is mounting evidence that melatonin can improve outcomes in compromised ovine pregnancies via enhanced uterine bloodflow and neonatal *** review provides an overview of the major risk factors and underlying mechanisms involved in perinatal lamb mortality and discusses the potential of melatonin treatment as a remedial *** pregnant ewes with melatonin enhances uterine bloodflow and fetal oxygenation,and potentially birthweight and neonatal thermogenic *** freely crosses the ovine placenta and blood-brain barrier and provides neuroprotection to the fetal lamb during periods of chronic and acute hypoxia throughout gestation,with improved behavioural outcomes in hypoxic *** current literature provides strong evidence that maternal melatonin treatment improves outcomes for lambs which experience compromised in utero development or prolonged parturition,though to date this has not been investigated in livestock production *** such there is a clear basis for continued research into the effects of maternal melatonin supplementation during gestation on pre-weaning survival under extensive production conditions.

关键词： Lamb survival Melatonin Neonatal mortality Reproduction Sheep

Improving brain outcomes in the growth restricted newborn: treating after birth

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Neural Regeneration research 2021年第5期16卷 978-979页

作者： Julie A.Wixey Stella Tracey Bjorkman UQ centre for Clinical research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia

Intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR)occurs when a baby is unable to grow normally due to receiving inadequate nutrients while developing in the *** is a leading cause of perinatal death and longterm *** fetal brain is particularly vulnerable to IUGR conditions and adverse outcomes range from learning,attention and behavioral difficulties,to cerebral *** to medical advancements,more IUGR babies now survive,resulting in an even greater burden of disability.

关键词： restricted IUGR advancement

Impact of guideline adherence and race on asthma control in children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第5期17卷 500-507页

作者： Shahid I.Sheikh Nancy A.Ryan-Wenger Judy Pitts Rodney Britt Jr Grace Paul Lisa Ulrich Department of Pediatrics The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbus.OH.USA Section of Pulmonary Medicine Nationwide Children's HospitalED 544 Education Building700 Children's DriveColumbusOHUSA Department of perinatal research Wexner Research CenterColumbusOH.USA

Background Asthma control in African Americans(AA)is considered more difficult to achieve than in Caucasian Americans(CA).The aim of this study was to compare asthma control over time among AA and CA children w hose asthma is managed per NAEPP(EPR-3)*** This was a one-year prospective study of children referred by their primary care physicians for better asthma care in a specialty asthma *** children received asthma care per NAEPP *** were compared between CA and AA children at baseline and then at three-month intervals for one *** Of the 345 children,ages 2-17 years(mean=6.2±4),220(63.8%)were CA and 125(36.2%)were *** were no significant differences in demographics other than greater pet ownership in CA *** baseline,AA children had significantly more visits to the Emergency Department for acute asthma symptoms(mean=2.3±3)compared to CA(1.4±23,P=0.003).There were no other significant differences in acute care utilization,asthma symptoms(mean days/month),or mean asthma control test(ACT)scores at base *** 3-6 months,in both groups,mean ACT scores,asthma symptoms and acute care utilization significantly improved(P<0.05 for all)and change over time in both groups was comparable except for a significantly greater decrease in ED visits in AA children compared to CA children(P=002).Conclusion Overall,improvement in asthma control during longitudinal assessment was similar between AA and CA children because of consistent use of NAEPP asthma care guidelines.

关键词： Asthma Asthma control Children Guideline adherence Race