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Molecular Basis for Cephalic Mechanosensitivity of Drosophila Larvae

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第9期36卷 1051-1056页

作者： Zhenyu Zhang Zhiyuan Li Ting Liu Wei Zhang School of life sciences Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life SciencesIDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Dear Editor,For an animal to explore its environment,the mechanosensors on its head are of particular importance.For example,in Drosophila larvae that constantly explore the surrounding substrate during foraging and w... 详细信息

关键词： Drosophila Molecular foraging

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New imaging methods for monitoring dopaminergic neurotransmission

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Science China(life sciences) 2022年第4期65卷 838-841页

作者： Yizhou Zhuo Yulong Li State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Peking University School of Life SciencesBeijing100871China pku-idg/mcgovern institute for brain research Beijing100871China pku-THU center for life sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Dopamine is a crucial monoamine neuromodulator,which is primarily synthesized in the ventral midbrain in the central nervous system and activates G protein-coupled dopamine receptors to modulate the neuronal circuit d... 详细信息

关键词： dynamics dopamine Dopamine

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Reconstruction of visual information from cortical activity: a systemical review

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Reconstruction of visual information from cortical activity:...

From structure to function: unveiling the structure of the Nav channel–toxin complex

中国睡眠研究会第十五届全国学术年会

作者： Mingzhe Li Yongbo Zheng Lin Lu peking University Sixth Hospital Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking University

[Objective]The brain is the most complex and mysterious organ in the human body, and researchers have been diligently working to unravel the secrets of this fascinating realm.As part of the field known as "brain decoding" or "brain-computer interface"(BCI), decoding visual activity from brain signals involves utilizing neuroimaging techniques to interpret the patterns of neural activity associated with visual perception.[Methods] [Results]The excitement surrounding the decoding of visual activity gained momentum in 2011, when Gallant et al.conducted a series of groundbreaking experiments.By employing a newly developed motion-energy encoding model and constructing a Bayesian decoder, the researchers were able to generate rough but captivating visual reconstructions.These findings demonstrated that functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI), despite its relatively poor time resolution, can assist in decoding visual activity from the brain.Since then, scientists worldwide have been conducting similar experiments to explore how to decode human brain signals and reconstruct visual content.In 2012, T.Horikawa et al.conducted a study in which subjects were asked to sleep during an MRI scan.These individuals were periodically awakened, approximately every 6 minutes, and asked to report their visual experiences prior to awakening.The researchers performed over 200 repeated experiments on each volunteer and created a database based on the objects described in their dreams, which were then meticulously categorized.By examining the patterns of brain activity during dreaming and comparing them to responses to visual stimuli during wakefulness, the researchers successfully predicted the visual experiences during dreams using machine-learning models.However, a complete interpretation of one’s dreams still remains a distant goal, as does the ability to interpret the dreams of multiple individuals with a single machine.More recently, a method called "CEBRA" has gained attention.Scientists recorded multicellular electrophysiologi

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来源： cnki会议评论

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National Science Review 2019年第5期6卷 859-860页

作者： Zhuan Zhou Zuying Chai Changhe Wang institute of Molecular Medicine and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research.peking University School of life Science and Technology and Frontier institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University

Voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav)are essential for the generation and conduction of the action potentials in excitable cells, including neurons,endocrine cells and muscles.The sodium current was first recorded

关键词： From structure to function toxin complex unveiling the structure of the Na_v channel

A molecular brake that modulates spliceosome pausing at detained introns contributes to neurodegeneration

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Protein & Cell 2023年第5期14卷 318-336页

作者： Dawei Meng Qian Zheng Xue Zhang Xuejiao Piao Li Luo Yichang Jia tsinghua-peking Joint center for life sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of life sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Medicine Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China idg/mcgovern institute for brain research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China tsinghua Laboratory of brain and Intelligence Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Emerging evidence suggests that intron-detaining transcripts(IDTs)are a nucleus-detained and polyadenylated mRNA pool for cell to quickly and effectively respond to environmental stimuli and stress.However,the underlying mechanisms of detained intron(DI)splicing are still largely unknown.Here,we suggest that post-transcriptional DI splicing is paused at the Bact state,an active spliceosome but not catalytically primed,which depends on Smad Nuclear Interacting Protein 1(SNIP1)and RNPS1(a serine-rich RNA binding protein)interaction.RNPS1 and Bact components preferentially dock at DIs and the RNPS1 docking is sufficient to trigger spliceosome pausing.Haploinsufficiency of Snip1 attenuates neurodegeneration and globally rescues IDT accumulation caused by a previously reported mutant U2 snRNA,a basal spliceosomal component.Snip1 conditional knockout in the cerebellum decreases DI splicing efficiency and causes neurodegeneration.Therefore,we suggest that SNIP1 and RNPS1 form a molecular brake to promote spliceosome pausing,and that its misregulation contributes to neurodegeneration.

关键词： SNIP1 RNPS1 spliceosome detained intron neurodegeneration

Unique Pharmacology,brain Dysfunction,and Therapeutic Advancements for Fentanyl Misuse and Abuse

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第11期38卷 1365-1382页

作者： Ying Han Lu Cao Kai Yuan Jie Shi Wei Yan Lin Lu National institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)Beijing 100191China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Fentanyl is a fully synthetic opioid with analgesic and anesthetic properties.It has become a primary driver of the deadliest opioid crisis in the United States and elsewhere,consequently imposing devastating social,economic,and health burdens worldwide.However,the neural mechanisms that underlie the behavioral effects of fentanyl and its analogs are largely unknown,and approaches to prevent fentanyl abuse and fentanyl-related overdose deaths are scarce.This review presents the abuse potential and unique pharmacology of fentanyl and elucidates its potential mechanisms of action,including neural circuit dysfunction and neuroinflammation.We discuss recent progress in the development of pharmacological interventions,anti-fentanyl vaccines,anti-fentanyl/heroin conjugate vaccines,and monoclonal antibodies to attenuate fentanyl-seeking and prevent fentanyl-induced respiratory depression.However,translational studies and clinical trials are still lacking.Considering the present opioid crisis,the development of effective pharmacological and immunological strategies to prevent fentanyl abuse and overdose are urgently needed.

关键词： Fentanyl abuse Neural mechanisms Pharmacological interventions Fentanyl vaccines

Towards a New Paradigm for brain-inspired Computer Vision

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Machine Intelligence research 2022年第5期19卷 412-424页

作者： Xiao-Long Zou Tie-Jun Huang Si Wu Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100084China School of Psychology and Cognitive sciences IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchCenter for Quantitative BiologyPKU-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100084China National Engineering research center of Visual Technology School of Computer SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China institute for Artificial Intelligence Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

brain-inspired computer vision aims to learn from biological systems to develop advanced image processing techniques.However,its progress so far is not impressing.We recognize that a main obstacle comes from that the current paradigm for brain-inspired computer vision has not captured the fundamental nature of biological vision,i.e.,the biological vision is targeted for processing spatio-temporal patterns.Recently,a new paradigm for developing brain-inspired computer vision is emerging,which emphasizes on the spatio-temporal nature of visual signals and the brain-inspired models for processing this type of data.In this paper,we review some recent primary works towards this new paradigm,including the development of spike cameras which acquire spiking signals directly from visual scenes,and the development of computational models learned from neural systems that are specialized to process spatio-temporal patterns,including models for object detection,tracking,and recognition.We also discuss about the future directions to improve the paradigm.

关键词： brain-inspired computer vision spatio-temporal patterns object detection object tracking object recognition

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Longitudinal Abnormalities in brain Structure in COVID-19 Patients

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第12期38卷 1608-1612页

作者： Xiaoxing Liu Wei Yan Tangsheng Lu Ying Han Lin Lu peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital)Beijing 100191China National institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic that began in 2019 has been plaguing our life and society[1]and caused untold deaths worldwide.With the proliferation of COVID-19 vaccines and less lethal strains of the virus,the number of patients with severe COVID-19 has gradually decreased.The majority of patients now exhibit only mild-to-moderate symptoms.

关键词： acute respiratory patients

Long non-coding RNAs with essential roles in neurodegenerative disorders

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第6期19卷 1212-1220页

作者： Wandi Xiong Lin Lu Jiali Li Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology the Chinese Academy of Sciences tsinghua-peking center for life sciences National institute on Drug Dependence Peking University pku/mcgovern institute for brain research Peking University institute of Mental Health National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University

Recently, with the advent of high-resolution and high-throughput sequencing technologies, an increasing number of long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) have been found to be involved in the regulation of neuronal function in the central nervous system with specific spatiotemporal patterns, across different neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs during neurodegeneration remain poorly understood. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the biology of lncRNAs and focuses on introducing the latest identified roles, regulatory mechanisms, and research status of lncRNAs in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Finally, this review discusses the potential values of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases, hoping to provide broader implications for developing effective treatments.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarker Huntington’s disease long non-coding RNAs neurodegenerative diseases Parkinson’s disease therapy transcriptional regulation translational regulation