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Refining a Church-Based Lifestyle Intervention Targeting African-American Adults at Risk for Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2017年第2期7卷 96-114页

作者： Yuan E. Zhou Cynthia D. Jackson Veronica J. Oates Gerald W. Davis Carolyn Davis Zudi-Mwak Takizala Richmond A. Akatue Konya Williams Jianguo Liu James R. Hébert Kushal A. Patel Maciej S. Buchowski David G. Schlundt Margaret K. Hargreaves Department of Internal Medicine Meharry Medical College Nashville TN USA Department of Family and Consumer Sciences Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA Ralph H Boston Wellness Center Tennessee State University Nashville TN USA Walden University Minneapolis MN USA participant and clinical interactions resources Meharry Medical College Nashville TN USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of South Carolina Columbia USA Department of Public Health Tennessee State University Nashville USA School of Medicine Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Department of Psychology Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

Objective: The pilot study was intended to test the feasibility of a multiple-component lifestyle intervention targeting African American adults in a weight control and cardiometabolic risk reduction program on diet, activity, and stress, using community-engagement principles. Methods: Applying mixed qualitative and quantitative measures, the intervention had a two-part sequential study design consisting of 12 weekly small group sessions that provided individual and group counseling in nutrition, exercise, and mindfulness, while incorporating focus group and interactive techniques to learn about barriers and acceptable practices for this population. The program was implemented at an African-American church in Nashville, Tennessee. Results: Thirty-four participants (aged 56.1 ± 11 years, body mass index (BMI) 36.7 ± 6.6 kg/m2) completed the intervention. Lifestyle changes after the 12 weekly sessions showed some positive trends including reduced sodium intake (from 2725.3 ± 326.5 to 2132 ± 330, mg/day, P = 0.008), increased walking steps (from 4392.1 ± 497.2 to 4895.3 ± 497.9, steps/day, not significant), and slightly decreased Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) scores (from 13.7 ± 1.4 to 12.4 ± 1.5, not significant). Body fat % among male participants decreased significantly (from 33.8 ± 2.6 to 28 ± 2.6, %, P = 0.043). Among cardiometabolic risk biomarkers, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) decreased significantly (from 6.6 ± 0.2 to 6.1 ± 0.2, %, P β = 2.4, P = 0.006). Twenty-one participants took part in focus groups during the program to identify barriers to healthy lifestyle changes. Primary barriers reported were price, time for preparing healthy meals, unfamiliarity with mindfulness activities, their health condition, and daily schedule available for physical activities. Conclusions: This church-based pilot intervention was proven feasible by showing modest progress in reducing adiposity and decreasing HbA1c levels. The focus group and interactive methods facilitated program di

关键词： Pilot Study Life Style Risk Reduction Mind-Body Therapies Cardiometabolic Disease Weight Control Church-Based Health Program African Americans

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High-throughput single-сell sequencing in cancer research

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第6期7卷 1899-1918页

作者： Qingzhu Jia Han Chu Zheng Jin Haixia Long Bo Zhu Institute of Cancer Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400037China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy Chongqing 400037China Center of Growth Metabolism and AgingKey Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-EnvironmentCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Research Institute GloriousMed Clinical Laboratory Co.LtdShanghai 201318China

With advances in sequencing and instrument technology,bioinformatics analysis is being applied to batches of massive cells at single-cell ***-throughput single-cell sequencing can be utilized for multi-omics characterization of tumor cells,stromal cells or infiltrated immune cells to evaluate tumor progression,responses to environmental perturbations,heterogeneous composition of the tumor microenvironment,and complex intercellular interactions between these ***,single-cell sequencing of T cell receptors,alone or in combination with single-cell RNA sequencing,is useful in the fields of tumor immunology and *** insights obtained from single-cell analysis are critically important for exploring the biomarkers of disease progression or antitumor treatment,as well as for guiding precise clinical decision-making for patients with malignant *** this review,we summarize the clinical applications of single-cell sequencing in the fields of tumor cell evolution,tumor immunology,and tumor ***,we analyze the tumor cell response to antitumor treatment,heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment,and response or resistance to immune checkpoint *** limitations of single-cell analysis in cancer research are also discussed.

关键词： instrument precise utilized

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interactions between gut microbiota and berberine,a necessary procedure to understand the mechanisms of berberine

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2022年第4期12卷 541-555页

作者： Hao Cheng Juan Liu Yuzhu Tan Wuwen Feng Cheng Peng State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine resources School of PharmacyChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu611137China

Berberine(BBR),an isoquinoline alkaloid,has been found in many plants,such as Coptis chinensis Franch and Phellodendron chinense *** BBR has a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects,its oral bioavailability is extremely *** recent years,gut microbiota has emerged as a cynosure to understand the mechanisms of action of herbal *** studies have demonstrated that due to its low bioavailability,BBR can interact with the gut microbiota,thereby exhibiting altered pharmacological ***,no systematic and comprehensive review has summarized these interactions and their corresponding influences on pharmacological ***,we describe the direct interactive relationships between BBR and gut microbiota,including regulation of gut microbiota composition and metabolism by BBR and metabolization of BBR by gut *** addition,the complex interactions between gut microbiota and BBR as well as the side effects and personalized use of BBR are ***,we provide our viewpoint on future research directions regarding BBR and gut *** review not only helps to explain the mechanisms underlying BBR activity but also provides support for the rational use of BBR in clinical practice.

关键词： Berberine Gut microbiota Oral bioavailability Traditional Chinese medicines Short chain fatty acids

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Total Alkaloids from Sophora Alopecuroides *** Susceptibility of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases Producing Escherichia coli Isolates to Cefotaxime and Ceftazidime

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第12期19卷 945-952页

作者：周学章贾芳刘晓明杨聪赵莉王玉炯 Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological resources of Western China College of Life ScienceNingxia University

Objective： To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of total alkaloids extracted from Sophorea alopecuroides L. （TASA） against clinical isolated extended-spectrum beta-lactamases （ESBLs） producing Escherichia coil （E.. coil） strains. Methods： The antibacterial activity of TASA either itself or in combination with cefotaxime （CTX） or ceftazidime （CAZ） was investigated by using the microbroth dilution method and phenotypic confirmatory disk diffusion test against three clinical isolated ESBLs-producing E. coil strains; the interactions of TASA and C＇I＇X or CAZ were ascertained by evaluating the fractional inhibitory concentration index （FICI）. Results： The antibacterial activity of either TASA itself or in combination with C＇IX or CAZ was found. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MICs） of TASA against the ESBLs producing isolates was 12.5 mg/mL. In the combinations with a sub-inhibitory concentration of TASA, a synergistic effect on CTX and CAZ against the ESBLs producing isolates was observed. Similarly, the isolates exposed to lower dose of TASA yielded an increased susceptibility to CTX and CAZ by 8-16 folds determined by microdilution assay. Moreover, enzymatic detection of ESBLs demonstrated that TASA induced reversal resistance to CTX and CAZ partially by a mechanism of inhibition of ESBLs activity in these isolates. Additionally, in the tested isolates following the exposure of TASA, molecular analysis verified the SHV-type beta-lactamase encoding ESBL gene in these isolates, and no mutation was introduced into the ESBL gene. Conclusions： These results suggest that TASA could be used as a source of natural compound with pharmacological activity of reversal resistance to antimicrobial agent. These findings also indicated that the application of the TASA in combination with antibiotics might prove useful in the control and treatment of infectious diseases caused by the ESBLs producing enterobacteriaceae.

关键词： total alkaloids Sophorea alopecuroides L. extended spectrum β-1actamases antibiotic resistance Escherichia coli

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Alterations in the gut microbiota and the faecal metabolomes are potentially associated with gestational diabetes mellitus through inflammatory response

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ruili Pan Xiaopeng Xu Ying Chen Haojue Wang Linlin Wang Peijun Tian Xing Jin Jianxin Zhao Wei Chen Gang Wang State Key Laboratory of Food Science and resources， Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology， Jiangnan University The Department of clinical Laboratory， Wuxi Xishan People's Hospital The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology， Wuxi Xishan People's Hospital National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food， Jiangnan University (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology， Jiangnan University

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease of glucose intolerance that first occurs during pregnancy. Accumulating evidence underlined a link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and GDM， and microbial metabolites represent a unique way to explore microbiota–host interactions. However， the associations between changes in the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites and immune homeostasis in the GDM pathogenesis remain largely unclear. In this prospective study， the characteristics of gut microbiota in both first trimester (T1) and second trimester (T2 ) were investigated in 46 GDM patients and 44 matched controls. We comprehensively profiled the microbial metabolites using non-targeted metabolomics and quantitatively targeted metabolomics， measurements of inflammatory cytokines and biomarkers of intestinal barrier function， and combined with correlation analysis in T2. Gut microbiota dybiosis was observed in GDM patients in both T1 and T2， and was characterised by the enrichment of multiple potentially harmful bacteria， such as UBA1819 and Erysipelatoclostridium. Besides， alterations in the microbiota were accompanied by a disturbance in tryptophan metabolism， mainly manifested as a shift towards the production of more kynurenine and less indole derivatives. Most importantly， correlation network analysis indicated that overgrowth of potential pathogens and tryptophan metabolism disorder were associated with inflammatory imbalance and disrupted epithelial barrier in GDM patients. Theses findings provide a greater understanding of the pathogenesis and new targets for microecological interventions by mediating tryptophan metabolism in GDM.

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Comparative systems biology between human and animal models based on next-generation sequencing methods

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Zoological Research 2013年第S02期34卷 J0001-J0007页

作者： Yu-Qi ZHAO Gong-Hua LI Jing-Fei HUANG State Key Laboratory of Genetic resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Research Center for Bio-resources and Human Disease Mechanisms

Animal models provide myriad benefits to both experimental and clinical research. Unfortunately, in many situations, they fall short of expected results or provide contradictory results. In part, this can be the result of traditional molecular biological approaches that are relatively inefficient in elucidating underlying molecular mechanism. To improve the efficacy of animal models, a technological breakthrough is required. The growing availability and application of the high-throughput methods make systematic comparisons between human and animal models easier to perform. In the present study, we introduce the concept of the comparative systems biology, which we define as "comparisons of biological systems in different states or species used to achieve an integrated understanding of life forms with all their characteristic complexity of interactions at multiple levels". Furthermore, we discuss the applications of RNA-seq and ChIP-seq technologies to comparative systems biology between human and animal models and assess the potential applications for this approach in the future studies.

关键词： Animal models Comparative systems biology Next-generation sequencing RNA-seq ChlP-seq

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Methodology in improving antibiotic implementation policies

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World Journal of Methodology 2016年第2期6卷 143-153页

作者： Onur ?zgen? Department of Infectious Diseases and clinical Microbiology Dokuz Eylul University Hospital

The basic requirements of antibiotic prescribing are components of methodology; knowledge, logical reasoning, and analysis. Antimicrobial drugs are valuable but limited resources, different from other drugs and they are among the most commonly prescribed drugs all over the world. They are the only drugs which do not intentionally affect the patient. They affect the pathogens which invade the host. The emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant pathogens are accelerated by heavy antibiotic usage. The effective antimicrobial stewardship and infection control program have been shown to limit the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. In this respect, education for antibiotic prescribing could be designed by going through the steps of scientific methodology. A defined leadership and a coordinated multidisciplinary approach are necessary for optimizing the indication, selection, dosing, route of administration, and duration of antimicrobial therapy. In scenarios, knowledge is also as important as experience for critical decision making as is designated. In this setting, the prevalence and resistance mechanisms of antimicrobials, and their interactions with other drugs need to be observed. In this respect, infectious disease service should play an important role in improving antimicrobial use by giving advice on the appropriate use of antimicrobial agents, and implementing evidencebased guidelines.

关键词： Antibiotics Infection Antibiotic resistance Therapy Medical informatic applications

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Calcium dobesilate for diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第1期58卷 101-107页

作者： ZHANG XinYuan LIU Wei WU ShanShan JIN JingLong LI WeiHong Wang NingLi Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Tongren Eye CentreTongren HospitalCapital Medical University University of Science and Technology Beijing Department of medical resources Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical University Department of Epidemiology and Bio-statistics Peking University Health Science Center

Many randomized clinical controlled trials have confirmed the efficacy and safety of calcium dobesilate in treating diabetic retinopathy(DR).This systematic review critically evaluated the evidence that links calcium dobesilate to *** this fixed-effects meta-analysis,a total of 221 pertinent English-language articles published between January 1975 and October 2013 were *** searches of PUBMED,Springer Link and the Cochrane clinical Trials Database were conducted using the keywords "diabetic retinopathy" and "calcium dobesilate".The extracted information included the study design,inclusion and exclusion criteria,setting,sample size,participant mean age,treatment regime,mean change in best corrected visual acuity,laboratory parameters,capillary fragility,intraocular pressure and fundus manifestations based on the findings of fluorescent *** summary statistics indicated that calcium dobesilate was significantly associated with improving retinal microaneurysms(RR: 0.62,95%CI: 0.42?0.90,P=0.01),retinalhemorrhages(RR: 0.39,95% CI: 0.17?0.88,P=0.02); exudates(RR: 0.31,95% CI: 0.12?0.81,P=0.02),reduction of whole blood viscosity(MD: ?0.57 CP,95% CI: ?0.75 to ?0.38,P<0.001),plasma viscosity(MD: ?0.36 CP,95% CI: ?0.63 to ?0.09,P=0.01) and blood cholesterol(MD: ?0.48 mg m L?1,95% CI: ?0.64?0.33,P<0.00001).Intraocular pressure was also significantly reduced(MD: ?5.59 mm Hg,95% CI: ?6.69 to ?4.50,P<0.00001).The results indicate that calcium dobesilate effectively treats DR at the systematic and local ocular levels.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy calcium dobesilate randomized controlled clinical trial systemic review meta-analysis

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Abnormal function of EPHA2/p.R957P mutant in congenital cataract

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1007-1017页

作者： Jing-Jin Zhang Zong-Fu Cao Bi-Ting Zhou Ju-Hua Yang Zhong Li Shuang Lin Xiao-Le Chen Nan-Wen Zhang Qin Ye Xu Ma Yi-Hua Zhu Department of Ophthalmology the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFujian Institute of OphthalmologyFujian Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Eye Diseases and OptometryFuzhou 350005Fujian ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology National Regional Medical CenterBinhai Campus of the First Affiliated HospitalFujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350005Fujian ProvinceChina Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100000China National Human Genetic resources Center National Research Institute for Family PlanningBeijing 100081China Department of Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutics School of PharmacyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350004Fujian ProvinceChina

AIM:To identify genetic defects in a Chinese family with congenital posterior polar cataracts and assess the ***:A four-generation Chinese family affected with autosomal dominant congenital cataract was *** individuals took part in this study including 5 affected and 14 unaffected *** sequencing targeted hot-spot regions of 27 congenital cataract-causing genes for variant *** pathogenicity of the variant was evaluated by the guidelines of American College of Medical Genetics and InterVar *** microscopy was applied to detect the subcellular localization of fluorescence-labeled ephrin type-A receptor 2(EPHA2).Co-immunoprecipitation assay was implemented to estimate the interaction between EphA2 and other lens membrane *** mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and Western blotting assay,*** cell migration was analyzed by wound healing *** model was generated by ectopic expression of human EPHA2/p.R957P mutant to demonstrate whether the mutant could cause lens opacity in ***:A novel missense and pathogenic variant c.2870G>C was identified in the sterile alpha motif(SAM)domain of *** studies demonstrated the variant’s impact:reduced EPHA2 protein expression,altered subcellular localization,and disrupted interactions with other lens membrane *** mutant notably enhanced human lens epithelial cell migration,and induced a central cloudy region and roughness in zebrafish lenses with ectopic expression of human EPHA2/p.R957P mutant under differential interference contrast(DIC)***:Novel pathogenic c.2870G>C variant of EPHA2 in a Chinese congenital cataract family contributes to disease pathogenesis.

关键词： congenital cataract EPHA2 missense variant function analysis

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Collaborating with Young Adults Diagnosed with Schizophrenia:A Participatory Design Study to Shape the Healthcare System

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Open Journal of Nursing 2017年第7期7卷 743-758页

作者： Malene Terp Charlotte D.Bjornes Rikke Jorgensen Jan Mainz Birgitte Schantz Laursen Aalborg University Hospital-Psychiatry Region North DenmarkAalborgDenmark clinical Institute Aalborg UniversityRegion North DenmarkAalborgDenmark clinical Nursing Research Unit Aalborg University HospitalRegion North DenmarkAalborgDenmark

Introduction: Disengagement from mental health services in young adults with schizophrenia has been associated with dissatisfaction and unmet needs. Striving to improve engagement, we invited service users recently diagnosed with schizophrenia to be co-designers of a smartphone technology that will be responsive to their needs. Aim: This paper reports the first phase of a three-phased participatory design process. The objective was to identify needs of support in young adults recently diagnosed with schizophrenia and to generate ideas of how the needs could be accommodated using smartphone technology. Methods: Participatory design guided the research process and a qualitative approach was used to generate and analyse the data. Data were generated by means of participant observations (n = 45 hours) and interviews (n = 6) with young adults from a first episode psychosis program in Denmark. Findings: Low levels of knowledge and high levels of uncertainties are characteristic of young adults recently diagnosed with schizophrenia, bringing about a vast need of support in order for them to gain power over their new life situation. Our study suggests that the smartphone may be used to foster empowerment by guiding the young adult’s actions in situ, providing comprehensive and easily understood information on the go, allowing for recovery tracking, and notification of mental health changes, providing medication overview and giving easy access to healthcare providers. Conclusion: Young adults recently diagnosed with schizophrenia require comprehensive support in order to become empowered to confidently manage their new life situation. The smartphone holds this potential by offering flexible collaboration and timely access to self-management

关键词： Empowerment Mobile Health Participatory Design Schizophrenia Young adults

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