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Beyond wrecking a wall:revisiting the concept of blood–brain barrier breakdown in ischemic stroke

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1944-1956页

作者： Julia Castillo-González Elena González-Rey Institute of parasitology and Biomedicine Lopez-Neyra(IPBLN) CSICPT SaludGranadaSpain

The blood–brain barrier constitutes a dynamic and interactive boundary separating the central nervous system and the peripheral *** tightly modulates the ion transport and nutrient influx,while restricting the entry of harmful factors,and selectively limiting the migration of immune cells,thereby maintaining brain *** the well-established association between blood–brain barrier disruption and most neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases,much remains unknown about the factors influencing its physiology and the mechanisms underlying its ***,the role of blood–brain barrier breakdown in the translational failure underlying therapies for brain disorders is just starting to be *** review aims to revisit this concept of“blood–brain barrier breakdown,”delving into the most controversial aspects,prevalent challenges,and knowledge gaps concerning the lack of blood–brain barrier *** moving beyond the oversimplistic dichotomy of an“open”/“bad”or a“closed”/“good”barrier,our objective is to provide a more comprehensive insight into blood–brain barrier dynamics,to identify novel targets and/or therapeutic approaches aimed at mitigating blood–brain barrier ***,in this review,we advocate for considering the diverse time-and location-dependent alterations in the blood–brain barrier,which go beyond tight-junction disruption or brain endothelial cell breakdown,illustrated through the dynamics of ischemic stroke as a case *** this exploration,we seek to underscore the complexity of blood–brain barrier dysfunction and its implications for the pathogenesis and therapy of brain diseases.

关键词： blood–brain barrier disruption drug delivery ischemic stroke neuroinflammation tight-junctions

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Mosquito larvicidal activity of some common spices and vegetable waste on Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第4期4卷 288-293页

作者： Someshwar Singha Goutam Chandra Mosquito and Microbiology Research Units Parasitology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyBurdwan University

Objective:To investigate the larvicidal activities of crude and chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/ v) extracts of some common spices(Cuminum cyminum,Allium sativum,Zingiber offinale, Curcuma longa) and vegetable waste(Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber) against Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito ***:Larval mortality of above mosquito species were observed after 24,48 and 72 h of exposure to five concentrations of aqueous extract(0.1%,0.2%,0.3%,0.4%and 0.5%) and four concentrations(25,50,75 ppm) of chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/v) *** lethal concentration of individual spices or vegetable waste was determined by log-probit analysis(at 95%confidence level) and effect of crude and chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/v) extracts were recorded on non target ***: Relative mortality rate of both larval mosquito species were recorded in the following sequences: Cuminum cyminum> Allium sativum>Zingiber offinale,Curcuma longa > Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber for crude extract,and efficacy of chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/v) extract were as follows:Curcuma longa > Zingiber offinale > Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber > Cuminum cyminum> Allium ***:Crude and chlor of orm:methanol(1:1 v/v) extract of Cuminum cyminum,Allium sativum,Zingiber offinale,Curcuma longa and Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber can be recommended effectively in mosquito control programmes at very low *** mortality and other abnormalities were noticed on non target organisms and further studies are needed to investigate the chemical structure of active principal which are responsible for larvicidal activity.

关键词： Mosquito larvicide Cuminum cyminum Allium sativum Zingiber offinale Curcuma longa Solanum tuberosum germinated tuber Anopheles stephensi Culex quinquefasciatus

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Epidemiological situation and molecular identification of cercarial stage in freshwater snails in Chao-Phraya Basin, Central Thailand

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第6期6卷 539-545页

作者： Sothorn Anucherngchai Thanawan Tejangkura Thapana Chontananarth Applied parasitology Research laboratory Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceSrinakharinwirot University

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of cercarial trematode infection in snails and to examine the reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationship to explain the molecular system of cercarial stage trematodes to estimate the infection rate of in the definite host from the Chao-Phraya ***: The snails were collected from 10 provinces of the Chao-Phraya Basin,Thailand by stratified sampling method. The snails were examined for cercarial infection by the crushing method. All DNA specimens were amplified with internal transcribed spacer 3(ITS3) and ITS4 primer based on PCR technique. The sequence data were aligned and used to reconstruct the phylogenetic tree by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means with 10 000 ***: The overall rate of cercarial infection was found to be 5.90%(122/2 067). Snails in the family Thiaridae were found to be in the highest prevalence followed by Lymnaeidae, Bithyniidae, Planorbidae, Viviparidae, and Ampullariidae, respectively, while the Buccinidae family(Clea helena) did not reveal any infections. The frequently found species of cercariae were parapleurolophocercous cercariae, cercariae and megarulous cercariae. The monophyletic tree separated the snails into five groups comprised of Heterophyidae, Strigeidae, Lecithodendriidae, Philophthalmidae and Echinostomatidae using the sequence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis as an ***: This study was the first to report on cercarial infection in the Chao-Phraya Basin, Thailand. This revealed that a high variety of freshwater snails were infected by cercariae stage trematodes with a high prevalence. The sequence data of ITS2 can be used to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of trematodes at the family level and in each clade of different families separated by the definitive hosts.

关键词： Prevalence Molecular identification Cercarial infection Freshwater snails Thailand

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In vitro antifilarial activity of Azadirachta indica aqueous extract through reactive oxygen species enhancement

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第11期7卷 841-848页

作者： Niladri Mukherjee Prasanta Saini Suprabhat Mukherjee Priya Roy Santi P.Sinha Babu parasitology laboratory Department of Zoology(Centre for Advanced Studies)Visva-Bharati University

Objective:To evaluate an aqueous preparation from the Azadirachta indica leaves(AEA) against Setaria cervi(***),a model filarial ***:In vitro efficacy of AEA was evaluated against *** through estimation of relative motility value,dye exclusion test and MTT *** morphological alterations were monitored using conventional microscopic techniques in microfilariae and haematoxylin-eosin stained sections of AEA-treated ***:Enhancement of reactive oxygen species in *** treated with AEA was established through alteration in the activity of glutathione S-transferase,superoxide dismutase,catalase,peroxidase and level of superoxide anion and reduced ***:In vitro filaricidal activity of AEA is possibly through disturbing redox homeostasis by down-regulating and altering the level of some key antioxidants and regulatory enzymes like reduced glutathione,glutathione S-transferase,superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase of ***.

关键词： Azadirachta indica Setaria cervi Antifilarial Reactive oxygen species

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Milk losses due to bovine tropical theileriosis(Theileria annulata infection) in Algeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第9期6卷 801-802页

作者： Ouarda Ayadi Mohamed Gharbi Mohamed Cherif Benchikh Elfegoun laboratory of parasitology Institute of Veterinary Science El KhroubUniversity of Mentouri Brothers laboratory of parasitology National School of Veterinary MedicineInstitution of Agricultural Research and Higher EducationUniv.

The authors studied the impact of tropical theileriosis onset on milk yield decrease in 10 local bred cows in Skikda(Northern Algeria) during 2015 summer *** milk yield decrease estimated weekly during two months was 2.76 L/day/cow corresponding to31.92% of the total milk *** decrease corresponds to 110.5 Algerian Dinars(1.02US$)/day/diseased *** relative variation of milk yield showed a dramatic decrease from 82.72% to 0.76% at Day 21 then became *** studies are needed to improve these estimations of financial losses due to bovine tropical theileriosis in Algeria.

关键词： Theileria annulata Milk Cattle Local breed

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Genetic polymorphism in Leishmania infantum isolates from human and animals determined by nagt PCR-RFLP

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 523-530页

作者： Adil El Hamouchi Sofia El Kacem Rajaa Ejghal Meryem Lemrani laboratory of parasitology and Vector-Borne-Diseases Institut Pasteur du MarocCasablancaMorocco

Background:Leishmania infantum is the causative agent of human visceral leishmaniasis(VL)and sporadic human cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL)in the Mediterranean *** genetic variation of the Leishmania parasites may result in different phenotypes that can be associated with the geographical distribution and diversity of the clinical *** main objective of this study was to explore the genetic polymorphism in *** isolates from human and animal hosts in different regions of ***:The intraspecific genetic variability of 40 Moroccan *** MON-1 strains isolated from patients with VL(n=31)and CL(n=2)and from dogs(n=7)was evaluated by PCR-RFLP of nagt,a single-copy gene encoding N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate *** a more complete analysis of *** polymorphism,we included the restriction patterns of nagt from 17 strains available in the literature and patterns determined by in-silico digestion of three sequences from the GenBank ***:Moroccan *** strains presented a certain level of genetic diversity and six distinct nagt-RFLP genotypes were *** of the six genotypes were exclusively identified in the Moroccan population of ***:variant M1(15%),variant M2(7.5%),and variant M3(2.5%).The most common genotype(65%),variant 2(2.5%),and variant 4(7.5%),were previously described in several countries with endemic *** analysis segregated our *** population into two distinct clusters,whereas variant M2 was clearly distinguished from both cluster I and cluster *** distribution highlights the degree of genetic variability among the Moroccan *** ***:The nagt PCR-RFLP method presented here showed an important genetic heterogeneity among Moroccan *** strains isolated from human and canine reservoirs with 6 genotypes *** of the six Moroccan nagt genotypes,have not been previously described and support the particular gen

关键词： Leishmania infantum Genetic variability N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase PCR-RFLP Morocco

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The Midgut Bacterial Flora of laboratory-Reared Hard Ticks, Haemaphysalis longicornis, Hyalomma asiaticum, and Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1766-1771页

作者： LI Chun-hong CAO Jie ZHOU Yong-zhi ZHANG Hou-shuang GONG Hai-yan ZHOU Jin-lin Key laboratory of Animal parasitology Ministry of Agriculture/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Ixodid ticks play an important role in the transmission of a variety of zoonoses of viral, bacterial and protozoan origin, and they also harbor a wealth of microorganisms. To gain more detailed insights into the potential interactions between bacterial flora and tick-borne pathogens, we investigated the midgut bacterial flora of laboratory-reared Haemaphysalis longicornis, Hyalomma asiaticum and Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. Based on morphological, biochemical, and 16 S rDNA sequencing results, we identified 15 species belonging to 12 genera in the midgut of the three ticks. The bacterial communities were similar to those found in other studies of hematophagous arthropods. Kocuria sp. was the most frequently isolated species and its 16 S rDNA gene sequence was very similar to Kocuria koreensis P31 T. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the bacterial flora of tick midguts and the results show that there were many different bacterial species in each tick species. Among the most common genera, there may have been a novel species in the genus Kocuria. The results might be the first step for looking for different aspects of the pathogen and tick interaction.

关键词： bacteria Kocuria sp. tick midgut

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Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts promote excision wound healing in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第11期12卷 475-482页

作者： Deepjyoti Dev Ashish Sarkar Bishnupada Roy parasitology and Toxicology laboratory Department of ZoologyNorth-Eastern Hill UniversityShillong-793022MeghalayaIndia

Objective:To evaluate the in vivo wound healing activity of Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts using an excision wound model in ***:Mice were divided into two groups of six animals in each group:the control group and the Acanthus leucostachyus extract-treated *** potential was evaluated by determination of physical parameters(contraction rate,epithelialization period,and tensile strength),biochemical parameters(protein,DNA,and hydroxyproline content),the expression of growth factor and pro-inflammatory cytokines,as well as histological and ultrastructural ***:Treatment with Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts markedly increased the rate of wound contraction,tensile strength,the concentrations of protein,DNA,and hydroxyproline,and the expression of growth factor,as well as promoted epithelialization,compared to the *** addition,Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory *** and ultrastructural studies revealed the presence of thicker epithelial layer and smoother surface topography in the extract-treated group compared to the ***:Acanthus leucostachyus leaf extracts show potent wound-healing activity and can be used as a wound healing agent.

关键词： Chronic wounds Acanthus leucostachyus Epithelialization period Tensile strength Hydroxyproline Pro-inflammatory cytokine Wound healing

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Isolation and identification of bioactive antibacterial components in leaf extracts of Vangueria spinosa(Rubiaceae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第1期4卷 35-40页

作者： Soroj Kumar Chatterjee Indranil Bhattacharjee Goutam Chandra Mosquito and Microbiology Research Units Parasitology LaboratoryDepartment of ZoologyThe University of Burdwan West BengalIndia

Objective:The column chromatographic fraction of ethyl acetate(EA1,EA2,EA3,EA4 and EA5) leaf extracts of Vangueria spinosa(***) were screened for antibacterial activity and phytochemical ***:EA3 fraction was isolated and identified by column chromatography,thin layer chromatography,spectral data analysis and phytochemical screening were used for ***:EA3 fraction was significantly active at 4 to 64 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa with minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.5625 to 3.1250 mg/*** active fraction(EA3) revealed the presence of flavonoid with retention factor value(R_f) of *** active antibacterial agent in the most potent fraction(EA3) was isolated and identified as flavonoid(-)-epicatechin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside by thin layer chromatography(TLC) and phytochemical ***1 and EA2 show inhibitory activity at 4 to 64 mg/L against Staphylococcus aureus only where as fraction EA4 and EA5 do not shows any inhibitory activity within that range of concentration against any ***:The results support the ethnomedicinal use of leaf of *** for the treatment of bacterial diseases.

关键词： Vangueria spinosa Antibacterial activity Phytochemical analysis Flavonoid

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Multiplex PCR assay for discrimination of Centrocestus caninus and Stellantchasmus falcatus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第2期7卷 103-106页

作者： Thapana Chontananarth parasitology Research laboratory Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceSrinakharinwirot UniversityBangkok10110Thailand

Objective: To develop the multiplex PCR method based on the internal transcribed spacer 2 to discriminate the intestinal trematodes, Centrocestus caninus(C. caninus), and Stellantchasmus falcatus(S. falcatus).Methods: Four species of heterophyid trematodes including C. caninus, S. falcatus,Haplorchis taichui and Haplorchoides sp. were amplified and the specific primer was designed based on the internal transcribed spacer 2 region. Two specific primers were used to validate the optimized PCR conditions: the specificity test and the sensitivity ***: Both of these specific primers confirmed the specificity through multiplex PCR reaction which generated both PCR products(231 and 137 bp) in the mixed DNA template of C. caninus and S. falcatus with no cross-reaction with other heterophyid trematodes. The optimum annealing temperature of both primers was 54–59℃. The sensitivity test used the two-fold serial dilution DNA template, which was concentrated between 10 and 0.312 5 ng/mL. The lowest concentration of the DNA template of this multiplex PCR was 2.5 ng/***: The technique described here proved to be a species-specific technique and was found to be a rapid method for the diagnosis of C. caninus and S. falcatus in terms of the larval and adult stages in intermediate and/or definitive hosts in the endemic area.

关键词： Multiplex PCR Centrocestus caninus Stellantchasmus falcatus ITS2

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