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Open Journal of nephrology 2018年第4期8卷 94-104页

作者： Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo Abdullahi Mudi Cecil Levy Thuli Khumalo G. Moonsamy Department of paediatrics Abia State University Uturu Nigeria Department of paediatrics Bayero University Kano State Nigeria Division of paediatric nephrology Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital South Africa

Background: Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are a well-documented risk factor for the development of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. Prevention of UTI in this group of patients is advocated due to their increased risk of renal scarring, hypertension and end stage kidney failure. Methods: A 10-year retrospective review of CAKUT patients at the Johannesburg Academic Hospital, who were placed on prophylactic antibiotics over a certain period was done. The rate of UTI, the types of causative organisms isolated and the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing UTI were documented. Results: Thirty-six (36) out of 134 patients had been started on prophylactic antibiotics after the diagnosis of CAKUT was made. There was a statistically significant association between the use of prophylactic antibiotics and the rate of UTI (p Conclusion: Antibiotic prophylaxis was very effective in decreasing the rate of UTI in our cohort of patients with CAKUT.

关键词： Antibiotic Prophylaxis Children CAKUT UTI South Africa

Efficacy and safety of Huaiqihuang granule as adjuvant treatment for primary nephrotic syndrome in children: a meta-analysis and systematic review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第3期17卷 242-252页

作者： Jiao Lin Li-Min Huang Jing-Jing Wang Jian-Hua Mao Department of nephrology National Clinical Research Center For Child HealthChildren’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310003China

Background Huaiqihuang(HQH)granule is a traditional Chinese herbal complex that has been used as an adjuvant treatment in clinics for the primary nephrotic syndrome(PNS)for many ***,the effectiveness and safety of HQH have not been systematically *** review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of HQH in paediatric patients with *** The following databases were searched from inception to Mar 2019:MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,EMBASE,CNKI,Wanfang Database,the Chinese Scientific Journal Database and the Chinese biomedical literature service *** the randomized controlled trials(RCTs)eligible for inclusion were *** primary outcomes were relapse,infection,remission and adverse *** secondary outcomes included serum immunoglobulin levels(IgA,IgG or IgM),T-lymphocyte subtype(CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+),IL-10,TNF-α,TNF-γ,total cholesterol and time of proteinuria turning *** Fourteen RCTs(885 patients)were *** with HQH reduced the chance of relapse[relative risk(RR):0.47;95%CI:0.34,0.66;P<0.001]and infections(RR:0.47;95%Cl:0.35,0.62;P<0.001).No significant difference was found in adverse *** also increased the serum levels of IgA[weighted mean difference(WMD):0.40;95%Cl:0.20,0.60;P<0.001]and IgG(WMD:1.58;95%Cl:1.38-1.78;P<0.001),as well as CD4+[standard mean difference(SMD):0.90;95%Cl:0.12-1.68;P=0.02],CD3+(WMD:4.04;95% CI:3.27-4.82;P<0.001),and the CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)ratio(WMD:0.31;95% CI:0.21-0.41;P<0.001),but decreased the level of CD8+cells(WMD:-3.39;95% CI:-5.73-1.05;P=0.004).No statistically significant difference was found in IgM(WMD:0.05;95% CI:-0.13,0.24;P=0.57).Conclusions HQH could reduce the rate of relapse and the frequency of infection in children with *** apparent adverse effects were ***,the beneficial influence of HQH may act through *** multi-center,large-sample,high-quality studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness and safety of

关键词： Children Huaiqihuang Nephrotic syndrome Meta-analysis

Journey of a patient with scleroderma from renal failure up to kidney transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2021年第9期11卷 372-387页

作者： Fedaey Abbas Mohsen El Kossi Ihab Sakr Shaheen Ajay Sharma Ahmed Halawa Department of nephrology Faculty of Health and ScienceUniversity of LiverpoolInstitute of Learning and TeachingSchool of MedicineLiverpool L693GBUnited Kingdom Doncaster Renal Unit Doncaster Royal InfirmaryDoncaster DN25LTUnited Kingdom Department of paediatric nephrology St James’s University HospitalGlasgow G514TFUnited Kingdom Department of Transplant Surgery Royal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpool L78XPUnited Kingdom Department of Transplant Surgery Sheffield Teaching HospitalSheffield S57AUUnited Kingdom

The increased awareness of systemic sclerosis(SS)and its pathogenetic background made the management of this disease more amenable than previously ***,scleroderma renal crisis(SRC)is a rarely seen as an associated disorder that may involve 2%-15%of SS *** presented with earlier,rapidly progressing,diffuse cutaneous SS disease,mostly in the first 3-5 years after non-Raynaud clinical manifestations,are more vulnerable to develop *** comprises a collection of acute,mostly symptomatic rise in blood pressure,elevation in serum creatinine concentrations,oliguria and thrombotic microangiopathy in almost 50%of *** advent of the antihypertensive angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in 1980 was associated with significant improvement in SRC *** a scleroderma patient maintained on regular dialysis;every effort should be exerted to declare any possible evidence of renal recovery.A given period of almost two years has been suggested prior to proceeding in a kidney transplant(KTx).Of note,SS patients on dialysis have the highest opportunity of renal recovery and withdrawal from dialysis as compared to other causes of end-stage renal disease(ESRD).KTx that is the best well-known therapeutic option for ESRD patients can also be offered to SS *** to other primary renal diseases,SS-related ESRD was considered for a long period of poor patient and allograft *** involvement in an SS patient is considered a strong post-transplant independent risk factor of *** of SRC after transplantation has been observed in some ***,an excellent post-transplant patient and graft outcome have been recently ***,the absence of extrarenal manifestations in an SS-induced ESRD patient can be accepted as a robust indicator for a successful KTx.

关键词： Systemic sclerosis Scleroderma renal crisis Risk factors Renal failure Hemodialysis Kidney transplant

Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics and management of childhood cardiorenal syndrome

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World Journal of nephrology 2012年第1期1卷 16-24页

作者： Wasiu A Olowu paediatric nephrology and Hypertension Unit Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex IleIfe Osun State 234 Nigeria Department of paediatrics and Child Health Faculty of Clinical Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University IleIfe Osun State 234 Nigeria

Cardiorenal syndrome(CRS) is a new term recently introduced to describe the acute or chronic comorbid state of the heart and kidney that has been long known and frequently managed in very sick individuals. The tight and delicate coordination of physiological functions among organ systems in the human body makes dysfunction in one to lead to malfunction of one or more other organ systems. CRS is a universal very common morbidity in the critically ill, with a high mortality rate that has received very little research attention in children. Simultaneous management of heart and renal failures in CRS is quite challenging; the therapeutic choice made for one organ must not jeopardize the other. This paper reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics and management of acute and chronic CRS in children.

关键词： Acute kidney injury Congestive heart failure Chronic kidney disease Ultrafltration

Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders:Current concepts and future therapeutic approaches

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World Journal of Transplantation 2020年第2期10卷 29-46页

作者： Fedaey Abbas Mohsen El Kossi Ihab Sakr Shaheen Ajay Sharma Ahmed Halawa nephrology Department Jaber El Ahmed Military HospitalSafat 13005Kuwait Faculty of Health and Science University of LiverpoolInstitute of Learning and TeachingSchool of MedicineLiverpool L693GBUnited Kingdom Doncaster Royal Infirmary Doncaster DN25LTUnited Kingdom Department of paediatric nephrology Royal Hospital for ChildrenGlasgow G514TFUnited Kingdom Department of Transplant Surgery Royal Liverpool University HospitalsLiverpool L78XPUnited Kingdom Department of Transplantation Sheffield Teaching HospitalsSheffield S57AUUnited Kingdom

Transplant recipients are vulnerable to a higher risk of malignancy after solid organ transplantation and allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell *** lymphoproliferative disorders(PTLD)include a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from benign proliferation of lymphoid tissues to frank malignancy with aggressive *** main risk factors of PTLD are:Firstly,the cumulative immunosuppressive burden,and secondly,the oncogenic impact of the Epstein-Barr *** latter is a key pathognomonic driver of PTLD *** the last two decades,a considerable progress has been made in diagnosis and therapy of *** treatment of PTLD includes reduction of immunosuppression,rituximab therapy,either isolated or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents,adoptive therapy,surgical intervention,antiviral therapy and *** this review we shall discuss the prevalence,clinical clues,prophylactic measures as well as the current and future therapeutic strategies of this devastating disorder.

关键词： Lymphoproliferative disorders Epstein-Barr virus Solid organ transplant Hematopoietic stem cell transplant Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder prevention Future therapies

Severe Hepatic Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome during the Induction Chemotherapy of Burkitt’s Lymphoma

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2018年第1期8卷 10-16页

作者： Line Couitchere Yao Nicaise Atiméré Daouda Koné Delphine Lagou paediatric Ward of University and Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Hematology Ward of University and Teaching Hospital of Treichville Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire nephrology Ward of University and Teaching Hospital of Yopougon Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (HSOS), also known as veno-occlusive disease (VOD), is a well-known complication of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, of the treatment of Wilms tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma and maintenance therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Its occurrence is rare in other cancers of the child. We report the observation of a 7-year-old girl with Burkitt’s lymphoma who developed a severe HSOS during her second induction treatment with dexamethasone, cisplatin, cytosine arabinoside. The evolution was fatal. This observation shows that the diagnosis of HSOS should not be excluded in the absence of the risk factors usually described.

关键词： Lymphoma Treatment Veno-Occlusive Disease Multi Organ Failure

Renal Allograft Thrombosis in the Early Post Transplant Period

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Open Journal of nephrology 2013年第3期3卷 148-151页

作者： M. Budruddin Issa Al Salmi R. Shilpa nephrology Department Royal Hospital Muscat Oman nephrology Department Tawam Hospital Al Ain UAE

Renal allograft thrombosis involving either the renal artery or the veins is a well known entity in clinical practice. This complication of the renal transplant surgery is more common in the early part of the post transplant period and it is usually associated with acute antibody mediated rejection. This more commonly occurs in the paediatric renal transplant and also seems to have some relation to the duration of peritoneal dialysis pretransplant. However, the occurrence of graft thrombosis in isolation without clinical or histological graft rejection is not rare. We encountered a patient in whom the renal allograft thrombosis occurred after 6 weeks of commercial renal transplantation without any histological evidence of rejection.

关键词： Allograft Thrombosis Immunosuppression Cyclosporine OKT3 Hemodialysis Renogram Rejection and Pyelonephritis

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小儿系统性红斑狼疮时的急性胰腺炎

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第8期2卷 11-12页

作者： Perrin L. Giurgea I. Baudet-Bonneville V. T.Ulinski 郭战宏 Department of paediatric nephrology Hpital Trousseau26avenue du Dr.Arnold-Netter75571 Paris Cedex 12France

Acute pancreatitis(AP)rarely complicates the clinical course of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).AP as the initial manifestation of SLE is exceptional,but its outcome is often *** have been suspected to play a role in the development of AP,but the therapeutic benefit seems to be far above the risk of exacerbation of pancreatic *** report a 13-y-old girl presenting with arthralgia and malaise,followed by abdominal pain,generalized oedema and haemodynamic *** CRP(325 ng/ml),serum amylase(14 000 IU/l)and lipase(2500 IU/l)levels suggested *** anuric renal failure required *** involvement suggested SLE,which was confirmed 3 d later by increased anti-ds-DNA *** methylprednisolone pulses were administered promptly,followed by oral prednisone(1.5 mg/kg/d)and six pulses of cyclophosphamide(500 mg/1.73m 2/2 wk).Mycophenolatemofetil was introduced for long-term disease *** and lipase levels decreased over *** function was normal after 3wk and proteinuria negative after 6 ***:This case suggests that steroid pulse therapy should be promptly administered if clinical and biochemical investigations suggest SLE to be responsible for *** treatment may be life saving.

关键词：急性胰腺炎(AP) 系统性红斑狼疮甲基强的松龙全身性水肿血清淀粉酶小儿冲击治疗血液动力学 DNA水平肾功能正常

90 min内和3 min内静脉滴注蔗糖铁疗法所引起的促红细胞生成素依赖患儿不良事件的发生率均不高

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2006年第6期2卷 4-5页

作者： Anbu A.T. Kemp T. O'Donnell K. M.G. Bradbury 张振 Department of paediatric nephrology Royal Manchester Children's Hospital Hospital Road Pendlebury Manchester M27 4HA United Kingdom

Aim: To define the adverse events following two different rates and methods of intravenous iron sucrose infusions in children with anaemia due to chronic renal impairment. Methods: Two prospective observational studies were undertaken to characterize the adverse events following iron sucrose administration in children with renal impairment and on erythropoietin. Between January 1999 and April 2003, 5 mgkg of intravenous (IV) iron sucrose was given over 90 min and repeated 24 h later. Between May 2003 and September 2004, in children with better venous access, a single dose of 2 mgkg of IV iron sucrose was administered over 3 min during an outpatient clinic visit and haemodialysis sessions. Following infusions, children were monitored for immediate and delayed adverse events. All such events were documented and dealt with appropriately. Test doses were not used. Results: A total of 870 infusions over 90 min were administered to 72 children. Three children developed abdominal pain. One child developed worsening of hypertension (not related to iron sucrose). Sixty-five doses were administered over 3 min to 20 children, and six minor adverse events were documented. Conclusion: Although 90 min infusion is associated with fewer adverse events, no lifethreatening events were documented in either method.

关键词：静脉滴注疗法促红细胞生成素蔗糖铁发生率患儿慢性肾功能障碍注射速率给药方式非住院患者试验对象

Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate: Which Formula to Apply in G-Spot Subjects Aged 1 - 17 Years?

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Open Journal of nephrology 2021年第3期11卷 397-402页

作者： Hamadoun Yattara Djibril Mamadou Couliblay Nouhoum Coulibaly Pamela Samiza Seydou Sy Arboncana Maiga Djeneba Diallo Moustapha Tanagra Alkaya Touré Magara Samaké Niagalé Diakité Aboubacar Sidiki Fofana Ibrahim Izetiengou Maiga Sahare Fongoro nephrology and Hemodialysis Department of the Point G University Hospital Bamako Mali Medical biology Laboratory Service of the Point G University Hospital Bamako Mali nephrology Department of the Regional Hospital of Kayes Kayes Mali

Introduction: Morbidity and mortality in paediatric practice is dominated in Africa by malaria, diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections. Aim: In order to evaluate the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) with the formulas commonly used by medical laboratories, we proposed to undertake this study. Patients and Method: This was a descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study conducted at the PA and KA medical biology laboratory in Bamako Hamdalaye ACI 2000 in collaboration with the medical biology and hospital hygiene laboratory service at the Point G University Hospital. Results: During the study period, we recruited 360 subjects, 189 of whom were male (52.5%) and 171 female (47.5%). The mean age was 8.75 ± 4.8 years with extremes of 1 and 17 years. Subjects aged 15 to 17 years were the most numerous. The reference means GFR of the subjects according to age was with the SCHWARTZ formula 179.16 ± 50.47 with extremes of 173.93 and 184.39;with CKD-Epi 37.63 ± 11.25 with extremes of 36.46 and 38.79;with MAYO 107.87 ± 18.11 with extremes of 105.99 and 109.75 and MDRD 350.83 ± 251.15 with extremes of 324.79 and 376.86. Conclusion: The Mayo formula showed a better distribution around the mean than other formulas for estimating the glomerular filtration rate.

关键词： Glomerular Filtration Rate Reference Value Young Subjects