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Solvation number, thermochemical parameter, and viscosity study of sweeteners in aqueous and non-aqueous media through ultrasonic measurements

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ChemPhysMater 2023年第4期2卷 303-314页

作者： J.H.Rakini Chandrasekaran S.Nithiyanantham centre for research-Department of Physics Arignar Anna Government Arts CollegeMusiri 621211India pg and research Department of Physics Vi.Kalyanansundaram Govt Arts&Science CollegeBharathidasan UniversityThiruvarur 610003India

Ultrasonic velocity measurements are used to elucidate various aspects of solvation chemistry,including solute–solute and solute–solvent ***,an attempt is made to study a behavior of two sweeteners,D-fructose and D-sorbitol,in aqueous and non-aqueous media was attempted.D-fructose is a simple sugar found in many foods and can be consumed by diabetics and people suffering from hypoglycemia.D-Sorbitol is a sugar substitute used in diet foods,sugar-free chewing gum,mints,cough syrups,mouthwash,toothpaste etc.,D-sorbitol is an excellent humectant and texturizing agent that is also used in other products such as pharmaceuticals and *** interactions between the solute and solvent molecules are explained in terms of the solvation numbers of both aqueous and non-aqueous solutions of D-fructose and *** viscosity study correlates the viscosity of the solution with solvation;here,density,ultrasonic velocity,and viscosity of aqueous and non-aqueous solutions at various concentrations are measured at different temperatures ranging from 35 to 55℃.These parameters provide sufficient information on the interaction between molecules that may aid chemists in analyzing the mechanisms of the behavior of D-fructose and D-sorbitol in water and the water–ethanol medium through which they are *** Fourier transforms infrared spectra of pure solvent,salt,and their solutions were recorded and analyzed for confirmation.

关键词： Ultrasonic velocity Density Viscosity Solvation number Thermochemical parameters Molecular interactions FTIR spectra

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Water quality and habitat drive phytoplankton taxonomic and functional group patterns in the Yangtze River

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 144-158页

作者： Wenqi Gao Fangyuan Xiong Ying Lu Wei Xin Haihua Wang Gangpeng Feng Chiping Kong Lei Fang Xiaoping Gao Yushun Chen State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangxi Institute for Fisheries Sciences Poyang Lake Fisheries Research Centre of Jiangxi Province East China Sea Fisheries research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Jiujiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences

Background Although phytoplankton are important primary producers in food webs, they are relatively less studied in large rivers compared to other types of systems. To fill this research gap, we studied phytoplankton taxonomic and functional composition and their relationships with water quality, habitat, climate, and land use across 30 river sections in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during 2017–*** Major observed phytoplankton groups were cyanobacteria, bacillariophyta, and chlorophyta. Phytoplankton total abundance, total biomass, and species richness significantly decreased in the dry season compared to the wet season, with the species and functional composition differing significantly between seasons. Phytoplankton species differences between seasons were mainly contributed by Oscillatoria sp., Pseudanabaena sp., and Melosira granulata. The dfferences in phytoplankton functional groups between seasons were mainly contributed by P（including Closterium sp., Melosira sp.）, Lo（including Merismopedia sp., Peridinium sp., Ceratium sp., and Gymnodinium sp.）, and J（including Pediastrum sp., Tetraedron sp., Crucigenia sp., Scenedesmus sp., and Coelastrum sp.）. The variance partitioning showed that water quality（NO3-N, total suspended solids, turbidity） and habitat（water flow, river bank and river channel conditions） were critical factors in shaping phytoplankton patterns, followed by climate and land *** Results indicated that there was significant seasonal variation of phytoplankton in the Yangtze River, with water quality and habitat primarily driving phytoplankton patterns. Our study contributes to the understanding of natural and anthropogenic factors that drive seasonal successional processes of phytoplankton in the Yangtze River. These findings have important implications for environmental management as well as towards the ecological restoration of large rivers.

关键词： Yangtze River Phytoplankton Functional group Water quality Physical habitat

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Larvicidal activity of endocarp and seed crude extracts of Dracaena loureiri Gagnep against Aedes aegypti(L.) mosquito

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第3期7卷 222-226页

作者： Damrongpan Thongwat Supaporn Lamlertthon Urat Pimolsri Nophawan Bunchu Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medical ScienceNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulokThailand centre of Excellence in Medical biotechnology Faculty of Medical ScienceNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulokThailand centre of Excellence in Fungal research Faculty of Medical ScienceNaresuan UniversityPhitsanulokThailand

Objective: To evaluate the larvicidal activity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the endocarp and seeds of Dracaena loureiri(D. loureiri) against the dengue mosquito vector, Aedes ***: Bioassays were performed by exposing late third-stage to early fourth-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti to various concentrations of the extracts from D. loureiri. The larval mortality was observed after 24-and 48-h ***: The larvicidal bioassay in this study demonstrated that the ethanolic endocarp extract was the most effective with the LC50 value of 84.00 mg/L after 24 h exposure and< 50 mg/L after 48 h exposure. Extracts from the other parts of the plant were significantly less effective as a ***: The ethanolic endocarp extract of D. loureiri demonstrated effective larvicidal activity. It is an alternative source for developing a novel larvicide for controlling this mosquito species.

关键词： Aedes aegypti Dracaena loureiri Larvicide Plant extracts Crude extracts

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Decreased eggshell strength caused by impairment of uterine calcium transport coincide with higher bone minerals and quality in aged laying hens

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Journal of Animal Science and biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1258-1277页

作者： Yu Fu Jianmin Zhou Martine Schroyen Haijun Zhang Shugeng Wu Guanghai Qi Jing Wang Key Laboratory of Feed biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Precision Livestock and Nutrition Laboratory Gembloux Agro‑Bio TechTERRA Teaching and Research CentreUniversity of LiegeGembloux B‑5030Belgium

Background Deteriorations in eggshell and bone quality are major challenges in aged laying *** study compared the differences of eggshell quality,bone parameters and their correlations as well as uterine physiologi-cal characteristics and the bone remodeling processes of hens laying eggs of different eggshell breaking strength to explore the mechanism of eggshell and bone quality reduction and their interaction.A total of 24074-week-old Hy-line Brown laying hens were selected and allocated to a high(HBS,44.83±1.31 N)or low(LBS,24.43±0.57 N)eggshell breaking strength *** A decreased thickness,weight and weight ratio of eggshells were observed in the LBS,accompanied with ultrastructural deterioration and total Ca *** quality was negatively correlated with eggshell quality,marked with enhanced structures and increased components in the *** the LBS,the mammillary knobs and effective layer grew *** the initiation stage of eggshell calcification,a total of 130 differentially expressed genes(DEGs,122 upregulated and 8 downregulated)were identified in the uterus of hens in the LBS relative to those in the *** DEGs were relevant to apoptosis due to the cellular Ca *** values of p62 protein level,caspase-8 activity,Bax protein expression and lower values of Bcl protein expression and Bcl/Bax ratio were seen in the *** assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a significant increase in TUNEL-positive cells and tissue damages in the uterus of the *** few DEGs were identified at the growth stage,similar uterine tissue damages were also observed in the *** expressions of runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocal-cin were upregulated in humeri of the *** diameter and more structural damages of endocortical bones and decreased ash were observed in femurs of the *** The lower eggshell breaking strength may be attributed to a declined Ca transport due to uterine tissue damages,which

关键词： Bone parameter Calcium transport Eggshell quality Laying hen Tissue damage

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Restoration of Motor Function through Delayed Intraspinal Delivery of Human IL-10-Encoding Nucleoside-Modified mRNA after Spinal Cord Injury

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research 2023年第4期2023卷 131-144页

作者： LászlóGál Tamás Bellák Annamária Marton Zoltán Fekécs Drew Weissman Dénes Török Rachana Biju Csaba Vizler Rebeka Kristóf Mitchell B.Beattie Paulo J.C.Lin Norbert Pardi Antal Nógrádi Krisztián Pajer Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary National biotechnology Laboratory Institute of GeneticsBiological Research CentreSzegedHungary Institute of Biochemistry Biological Research CentreSzegedHungary Department of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA Acuitas Therapeutics VancouverBCV6T 1Z3Canada

Efficient in vivo delivery of anti-inflammatory proteins to modulate the microenvironment of an injured spinal cord and promote neuroprotection and functional recovery is a great ***-modified messenger RNA(mRNA)has become a promising new modality that can be utilized for the safe and efficient delivery of therapeutic ***,we used lipid nanoparticle(LNP)-encapsulated human interleukin-10(hIL-10)-encoding nucleoside-modified mRNA to induce neuroprotection and functional recovery following rat spinal cord contusion *** administration of hIL-10 mRNA-LNP to rats led to a remarkable reduction of the microglia/macrophage reaction in the injured spinal segment and induced significant functional recovery compared to ***,hIL-10 mRNA treatment induced increased expression in tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and ciliary neurotrophic factor levels in the affected spinal segment indicating a time-delayed secondary effect of IL-105 d after *** results suggest that treatment with nucleoside-modified mRNAs encoding neuroprotective factors is an effective strategy for spinal cord injury repair.

关键词： protective Restoration utilized

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Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields from Mobile Phones and Fructose consumption Coalesce to Perturb Metabolic Regulators AMPK/SIRT1-UCP2/FOXO1 in Growing Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第11期36卷 1045-1058页

作者： Ruchi Tripathi Sanjay Kumar Banerjee Jay Prakash Nirala Rajani Mathur Department of Pharmacology Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & ResearchDelhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University(DPSR-U))New DelhiINDIA Drug Discovery research centre Translational Health Science and Technology InstituteFaridabadINDIA Department of biotechnology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchGuwahatiINDIA School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiINDIA

Objective In this study,the combined effect of two stressors,namely,electromagnetic fields(EMFs)from mobile phones and fructose consumption,on hypothalamic and hepatic master metabolic regulators of the AMPK/SIRT1-UCP2/FOXO1 pathway were elucidated to delineate the underlying molecular mechanisms of insulin *** Weaned Wistar rats(28 days old)were divided into 4 groups:Normal,Exposure Only(ExpO),Fructose Only(FruO),and Exposure and Fructose(EF).Each group was provided standard laboratory chow ad libitum for 8 ***,the control groups,namely,the Normal and FruO groups,had unrestricted access to drinking water and fructose solution(15%),***,the respective treatment groups,namely,the ExpO and EF groups,received EMF exposure(1,760 MHz,2 h/day x 8 weeks).In early adulthood,mitochondrial function,insulin receptor signaling,and oxidative stress signals in hypothalamic and hepatic tissues were assessed using western blotting and biochemical *** In the hypothalamic tissue of EF,SIRT1,FOXO 1,p-PI3K,p-AKT,ComplexⅢ,UCP2,MnSOD,and catalase expressions and OXPHOS and GSH activities were significantly decreased(P<0.05)compared to the Normal,ExpO,and FruO *** hepatic tissue of EF,the p-AMPKα,SIRT1,FOXO1,IRS1,p-PI3K,ComplexⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,UCP2,and MnSOD expressions and the activity of OXPHOS,SOD,catalase,and GSH were significantly reduced compared to the Normal group(P<0.05).Conclusion The findings suggest that the combination of EMF exposure and fructose consumption during childhood and adolescence in Wistar rats disrupts the closely interlinked and multi-regulated crosstalk of insulin receptor signals,mitochondrial OXPHOS,and the antioxidant defense system in the hypothalamus and liver.

关键词： EMF-mobile phone Fructose Childhood-adolescence Insulin receptor signal Mitochondrial OxPHOS Antioxidant system Hypothalamic insulin resistance Hepatic insulin resistance

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Cleanup and quantification of polychlorinated dibenzop-dioxins/furans and polychlorinated biphenyls

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 1998年第3期8卷 51-60页

作者：吴文忠,徐盈,张庆华,张甬元,梁鑫淼,卢佩章,K.-W.Schramm,A.Kettrup State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China National Chromatographic R.& A. centre Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116011 China National Chromatographic R.& A. centre Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116011 China GSF-National research centre for Environment and Health Institute of Ecological Chemistry Ingolstadter Landst.1 85764 Neuherberg Germany GSF-National research centre for Environment and Health Institute of Ecological Chemistry Ingolstadter Landst.1 85764 Neuherberg Germany

By using modern techniques of isotope dilution, high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolutionmass spectrometry and multiple ions detection, an effective cleanup, qualitative and quantitative method was developedfor polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/F) and polychlorinated biphenyls analysis. Based on the chro-matographic relative retentions of PCDD/F, a software was established for automatic peak recognition of all theisomers from tetra- to octachlorine PCDD/F. It ensured good reliability and accuracy of the analytical data.

关键词： polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans(PCDD/F) polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) cleanup quantification

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Antioxidant activity and functional group analysis of Evolvulus alsinoides

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第11期12卷 827-832页

作者： Duraisamy Gomathi Ganesan Ravikumar Manokaran Kalaiselvi Kanakasabapathi Devaki Chandrasekar Uma Food Analyst Post Harvest Technology Centre Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore research Associate Dalmia Centre for Research and Development Coimbatore Assistant Professor Departments of Biotechnology Kongunadu Arts and Science College Coimbatore Department of Biochemistry Karpagam University Coimbatore 641021 Department of Biochemistry College of Medicine & Health Science Hawassa University Hawassa Ethiopia

AIM: Many oxidative stress-related diseases occur as a result of the accumulation of free radicals in the body. Free radicals are generated by various endogenous systems, exposure to different physiochemical conditions, or pathological states. A balance between free radicals and antioxidants is necessary for appropriate physiological function. A lot of studies are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plant origin. FTIR spectroscopy is used to develop a rapid and effective analytical method for studying the main constituents in medicinal plants. The chemical constituents in the plants were identified and monitored for their medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities and FTIR spectroscopic analysis of the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides. METHOD: Free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of E. alsinoides was evaluated by in vitro methods, including total antioxidant assay(FRAP method) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity using ascorbic acid as a standard. The degree of lipid peroxidation was examined by estimating the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS) using standard methods and the functional groups were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. The IR spectrum in the mid-infrared region 4 000–400 cm–1 was used for discriminatio and to identify various functional groups present in E. alsinoides. RESULTS: The findings indicated the presence of amino acids, amides, amines, carboxylic acids, carbonyl compounds, organic hydrocarbons, and halogens in the ethanolic extract of E. alsinoides, and the antioxidant activities were significantly increased, when compared with the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid, in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: The findings indicated promising antioxidant activity of the crude extract of E. alsinoides, and needs further exploration for their potential effective use.

关键词： Evolvulus alsinoides Convolvulaceae Ethanolic extract FT-IR Free radicals Ascorbic acid

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Rewilding staple crops for the lost halophytism:Toward sustainability and profitability of agricultural production systems

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Molecular Plant 2022年第1期15卷 45-64页

作者： Nishtha Rawat Silas Wungrampha Sneh L.Singla-Pareek Min Yu Sergey Shabala Ashwani Pareek Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Lab School of Life SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi 110067India Plant Stress Biology International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi 110067India International research centre for Environmental Membrane Biology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture University of TasmaniaHobart Tas 7001Australia National Agri-Food biotechnology institute Mohali 140306India

Abiotic stress tolerance has been weakened during the domestication of all major staple *** salinity is a major environmental constraint that impacts over half of the world population;however,given the increasing reliance on irrigation and the lack of available freshwater,agriculture in the 21st century will increasingly become ***,global food security is critically dependent on the ability of plant breeders to create high-yielding staple crop varieties that will incorporate salinity tolerance traits and ac-count for future climate ***,we have argued that the current agricultural practices and reliance on crops that exclude salt from uptake is counterproductive and environmentally unsustainable,and thus called for a need for a major shift in a breeding paradigm to incorporate some halophytic traits that were present in wild relatives but were lost in modern crops during *** this review,we provide a comprehensive physiological and molecular analysis of the key traits conferring crop halophy-tism,such as vacuolar Na+sequestration,ROS desensitization,succulence,metabolic photosynthetic switch,and salt deposition in trichomes,and discuss the strategies for incorporating them into elite germ-plasm,to address a pressing issue of boosting plant salinity tolerance.

关键词： halophyte salinity salt sequestration tissue tolerance trichomes water use efficiency

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Use of chemically activated cotton nut shell carbon for the removal of fluoride contaminated drinking water: Kinetics evaluation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2015年第4期23卷 710-721页

作者： Rajan Mariappan Raj Vairamuthu Alagumuthu Ganapathy Department of Natural Products Chemistry School of Chemistry Madurai Kamaraj University Advanced Materials research Laboratory Department of Chemistry Periyar University pg and research centre of Chemistry Sri Paramakalyani College

Chemically activated cotton nut shell carbons （CTNSCs） were prepared by different chemicals and they were used for the removal of fluoride from aqueous solution. Effects of adsorption time, adsorbent dose, pH of the solution, initial concentration of fluoride, and temperature of the solution were studied with equilibrium, ther- modynamics and kinetics of the adsorption process by various CTNSC adsorbents. It showed that the chemically activated CTNSCs can effectively remove fluoride from the solution. The adsorption equilibrium data correlate well with the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption of fluoride by the chemically activated CTNSC is spon- taneous and endothermic in nature. The pseudo first order, pseudo second order and intra particle diffusion kinetic models were applied to test the experimental data. The pseudo second order kinetic model provided a better correlation of the experimental data in comparison with the pseudo-first-order and intra particle diffusion models, A mechanism of fluoride adsorption associating chemisorption and physisorption processes is presented allowing the discussion of the variations in adsorption behavior between these materials in terms of specific surface area and porosity. These data suggest that chemically activated CTNSCs are promising materials for fluoride somtion.

关键词： Activated carbonCotton nut shellFluorideIsothermKinetics

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