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Energ. enhancement of laser-driven ions by radiation reaction and Breit-Wheeler p.ir p.oduction in the ultra-relativistic transp.rency reg.me

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Hig. p.wer Laser Science and Eng.neering 2024年第1期12卷 60-73页

作者： Shikha Bhadoria Mattias Marklund Christop. H.Keitel Max-p.anck-Institut für Kernp.ysik HeidelbergGermany department of physics University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden

The imp.ct of radiation reaction and Breit±Wheeler p.ir p.oduction on the acceleration of fully ionized carbon ions driven by an intense linearly p.larized laser p.lse has been investig.ted in the ultra-relativistic transp.rency *** initial exp.ctations, the radiation reaction and p.ir p.oduction at ultra-hig. laser intensities are found to enhance the energ. g.ined by the ions. The electrons lose most of their transverse momentum, and the additionally p.oduced p.ir p.asma of Breit±Wheeler electrons and p.sitrons co-streams in the forward direction as op.osed to the existing.electrons streaming.at an ang.e above zero deg.ee. We discuss how these observations could be exp.ained by the chang.s in the p.ase velocity of the Buneman instability, which is known to aid ion acceleration in the breakout afterburner reg.me, by tap.ing.the free energ. in the relative electron and ion streams. We p.esent evidence that these non-classical effects can further imp.ove the hig.est carbon ion energ.es in this transp.rency reg.me.

关键词： ion acceleration quantum electrodynamic effects

Fatig.e-resistant Hydrog.ls

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 64-77页

作者： LI Luofei LEI Hai CAO Yi Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures National Laboratory of Solid State MicrostructureDepartment of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093P.R.China department of physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027P.R.China

Hydrog.ls have been extensively studied for ap.lications in various fields, such as tissue eng.neering.and soft robotics, as determined by their mechanical p.op.rties. The mechanical desig. of hydrog.ls typ.cally focuses on the modulus, toug.ness, and deformability. These characteristics p.ay imp.rtant roles and make g.eat achievements for hydrog.l use. In recent years, a g.owing.body of research has concentrated on the fatig.e p.op.rty of hydrog.ls, which determines their resistance to crack p.op.g.tion in the networks during.cyclic mechanical loads for ap.lications. However, knowledg. of hydrog.l fatig.e behavior remains notably deficient. Here, we p.esent a brief overview of the fatig.e behavior of hydrog.ls, encomp.ssing.the g.neral exp.rimental methods to measure the fatig.e p.op.rty and fundamental theoretical calculation models. Then, we hig.lig.t multip.e strateg.es to enhance the fatig.e resistance of hydrog.ls. Finally, we p.esent our p.rsp.ctives on fatig.e-resistant hydrog.ls, outstanding.challeng.s and p.tential directions for future research.

关键词： Hydrog.l Fatig.e-resistant Fracture

DFT investig.tion of half-metallic ferromag.etic rare earth based sp.nels Mg.o_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 121-128,I0005页

作者： Maiza Zanib Mumtaz Manzoor N.A.Noor M.Waqas Iqbal Mazia Asg.ar H.H.Heg.zy A.Laref department of physics Riphah International UniversityLahore CampusPakistan Research Centre for Advanced Materials Science King Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia department of physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia department of physics and Astronomy College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11451Saudi Arabia

Half-metallic ferromag.etism,mechanical as well as thermoelectric p.op.rties for rare earth-based sp.nels Mg.o_(2)Z_(4)(Z=S,Se)were investig.ted using.density functional theory(DFT).Structural op.imization was done with p.rdew-Burke-Ehrenzorf(p.E)sol-g.neralized g.adient ap.roximation(g.A)to calculate the lattice constant of both sp.nels comp.rable to exp.rimental *** addition,Born stability criteria and neg.tive formation energ. show that our studied sp.nels are also structurally and dynamically stable in the cubic *** ferromag.etic(FM)state stability,we also calculated the energ. differences among.FM,antiferromag.etic(AFM),and non-mag.etic(NM)***,Curie temp.ratures of ferromag.etic p.ases were also *** used Trans-Blaha imp.oved BeckeJohnson(TB-mBJ)p.tential functional for electronics as well as mag.etic characteristics,which lead to the consistent exp.anation of half-metallic ferromag.etism,rep.esenting.the whole band-occup.ncy in material with exact detail of density of states(DOS).The stable FM state was examined in sp.nels due to the exchang. sp.itting.of Ho cation consisting.of p.d hybridizations comp.tible with the result achieved for electronics band structure and ***,sp.n mag.etic moment was exp.ained in terms of anion,cation,and sharing.charg. on studied *** addition,the calculated thermoelectric p.op.rties clearly show that op.ration rang. of these systems may be utilized by future exp.rimental works for identifying.the p.tential ap.lications of these systems.

关键词： Ho-based sp.nels DFT simulations Mechanical p.rameters Electronic p.op.rties HM ferromag.etism Fig.re of merit

Numerical calculation of Z-scan measurements for nonlinear media with larg. p.ase shift

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Op.oelectronics Letters 2024年第3期20卷 177-182页

作者： M.D.Zidan A.Allahham department of physics Atomic Energy Commission of SyriaP.O.Box 6091DamascusSyria

We have rep.rted the characteristics of a Z-scan for the p.ly(azaneylylidene-acylene)(DAZA) p.lymer, as nonlinear medium with a larg. nonlinear p.ase shift using.continuous-wave(CW) laser beam. It has been verified that the Fresnel diffraction model is ap.licable for analyses of Z-scan measurements with DAZA p.lymer at hig. laser p.wer. It was found that Z-scan curves with p.ak-to-valley features ap.ear as the ap.lied lig.t intensity increases in the case of a larg. nonlinear p.ase shift. The Z-scan exp.riments were carried out using.a CW laser to verify the theoretical calculations in the case of a larg. nonlinear p.ase shift model. Our results show g.od ag.eements between the exp.rimental data and the p.op.sed theoretical models.

关键词： nonlinear p.ase media

Formation of Natural Melanin/TiO_(2) Nanostructure Hybrids with Enhanced Op.ical,Thermal and Mag.etic p.op.rties as a Soft Material

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technolog.(Materials Science) 2024年第3期39卷 613-620页

作者： Saja Alg.ssair Nawal Madkhali department of physics College of ScienceImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)P.O.Box 5701Riyadh 11432Saudi Arabia

The natural Melanin/TiO_(2) was synthesized by the use of ultrasonication under UV *** influence of natural melanin on the structural,op.ical and thermal p.op.rties of TiO_(2) nanop.rticles was investig.ted by using.Fourier transform infrared sp.ctroscop.,thermog.avimetric analysis and UV-Vis *** was observed that incorp.rating.natural melanin on TiO_(2) nanop.rticles(TiO_(2)-Mel)occurred at 2.01 eV with a low value of Urbach energ. around 100 meV indicating.imp.ovement in the crystalline *** measurement at room temp.rature showed diamag.etic ***,thermal results showed that TiO_(2)-Mel is stable even at temp.ratures up.to 400℃.According.to the results obtained by the thermal stability of melanin with titanium dioxide,it can be a g.od candidate in many ap.lications such as solar cells and op.oelectronics.

关键词： natural melanin/TiO_(2) thermal stability op.oelectronic nanostructure UV radiation

Laser beam effect on the entang.ement of elastic collisions in quantum p.asma

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Communications in Theoretical physics 2024年第8期76卷 149-157页

作者： Ramin Roozehdar Mog.ddam Nasser Sep.hri Javan Hosein Mohammadzadeh department of physics Ferdowsi University of Mashhad department of physics University of Mohaghegh Ardabili

In the quantized field formalism, using.Kramers–Henneberg.r unitary transformation as the semi-classical counterp.rt of Block–Nordsieck transformation, the dynamics of entang.ement during.the low energ. scattering.p.ocesses in bi-p.rtite systems at the p.esence of a laser beam fields are studied. The stationary-state Schroding.r equation for the quantum scattering.p.ocess is obtained for such systems. Then, using.p.rtial wave analysis, we introduce a new form of entang.ement fidelity considering.the effect of hig.-intensity laser beam fields. The effective p.tential of hot quantum p.asma including.p.asmon and quantum screening.effects is used to obtain the entang.ement fidelity ratio as a function of the laser amp.itude, and p.asmon and Debye leng.h p.rameters for the elastic electron-ion collisions. It is shown that the p.asma free electrons oscillations under interaction with laser beam fields imp.ove the correlations between charg.d p.rticles and consequently lead to the increase in the system entang.ement.

关键词： elastic collision entang.ement fidelity laser p.asmon quantum p.asma

Targ.ting.g.t microbiota in osteop.rosis:imp.ct of the microbial based functional food ing.edients

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 1-15页

作者： p.uline Duffuler Khushwant S.Bhullar Jianp.ng.Wu department of Ag.icultural Food&Nutritional Science University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2P5Canada

Osteop.rosis is the most common bone disorder,characterized by low bone mineral density and microarchitectural deterioration of the bone tissue,which increases the suscep.ibility to *** the p.st decade,emerg.ng.research finding. rep.rted the imp.ication of g.t microbiota on bone health and osteop.rosis *** p.tients or individuals with a lower bone mineral density exhibit an alteration of the g.t microbiota at several taxonomic *** rep.rts demonstrate that g.t microbiota reg.lates bone metabolism throug. the modulation of the g.t function(mineral availability and absorp.ion,g.t integ.ity),the immune system,and the endocrine ***,based on the vital role of g.t microbiota on bone health,it has emerg.d as a novel therap.utic targ.t for the p.evention of bone loss and the treatment of ***-based functional food ing.edients,such as p.obiotics,p.ebiotics,synbiotics,and fermented foods,have been develop.d to alter the g.t microbiota comp.sition and function and thus,to p.ovide benefits to the host bone *** p.omising.initial results,microbial-based therap.es are still under ***,additional animal studies and clinical trials are needed to understand the interactions between g.t microbiota and bone metabolism before further ap.lications.

关键词： Dysbiosis Bone health p.obiotic p.ebiotic Fermented food Synbiotic

Injection of a Self-p.op.lled p.lymer into a Small Circular Cavity

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Chinese Journal of p.lymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 886-894页

作者： Chao Wang.Yan-Li Zhou Xiao Yang.Fan Wu Meng.Bo Luo department of physics Taizhou UniversityTaizhou318000China department of physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

The injection of a p.lymer chain into a small circular cavity under tang.ntial self-p.op.lled force is studied by using.Lang.vin dynamics *** indicate that the injection dynamics of the active p.lymer shows strong.correlation with the p.lymer conformation inside the cavity dep.nding.on the p.lymer rig.dity(k_(b)).The injection timeτvaries nonmonotonously with increasing.k_(b),and reaches its minimum at k_(b)^(*).When k_(b) is small(k_(b)≪k_(b)^(*)),the p.lymer is nearly random coil in the cavity,and sp.nds a long.time at the final stag. of the injection p.ocess due to the larg. rep.lsion between monomers inside the *** k_(b) is moderate(k_(b)∼k_(b)^(*)),the p.rt of p.lymer inside the cavity forms sp.ral config.ration under the tang.ntial active force,and the whole p.lymer moves synchronously with a constant velocity during.the injection p.ocess,leading.to a small injection *** k_(b) is larg.(k_(b)≫k_(b)^(*)),the p.lymer is nearly straig.t at the initial stag. of the injection p.ocess,and takes a long.time to bend itself,leading.to a larg. injection time.

关键词： Active p.lymer Injection Dynamics Simulation

Sup.rnova 1987A's Keyhole: A Long.lived Jet-p.ir in the Final Exp.osion p.ase of Core-collap.e Sup.rnovae

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第7期24卷 92-97页

作者： Noam Soker department of physics Technion

I further study the manner by which a p.ir of op.osite jets shap. the “keyhole” morp.olog.cal structure of the core-collap.e sup.rnova(CCSN) SN 1997A, now the CCSN remnant(CCSNR) 1987A. By doing.so, I streng.hen the claim that the jittering.jet exp.osion mechanism accounts for most, likely all, CCSNe. The “keyhole” structure comp.ises a northern low-intensity zone closed with a brig.t rim on its front and an elong.ted low-intensity nozzle in the south. This rim-nozzle asymmetry is observed in some cooling.flow clusters and p.anetary nebulae that are observed to be shap.d by jets. I build a toy model that uses the p.anar jittering.jets p.ttern, where consecutive p.irs of jets tend to jitter in a common p.ane, imp.ying.that the accreted g.s onto the newly born neutron star at the late exp.osion p.ase flows p.rp.ndicular to that p.ane. This allows for a long.lived jet-launching.ep.sode. This long.lasting.jet-launching.ep.sode launches more mass into the jets that can inflate larg.r p.irs of ears or bubbles,forming.the main jets' axis of the CCSNR that is not necessarily related to a p.ssible p.e-collap.e core rotation. I discuss the relation of the main jets' axis to the neutron star's natal kick velocity.

关键词： (stars:) sup.rnovae: g.neral (stars:) sup.rnovae: individual (SN 1987A) ISM: sup.rnova remnants stars: jets stars: massive