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Disruption of neuronal actin barrier promotes the entry of disease-implicated proteins to exacerbate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2589-2590页

作者： Mikio Shimizu Tatsusada Okuno Department of Neurology Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan Department of Neurology Osaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a devastating neurological disease characterized by the accumulation of aberrant proteins in motor neurons of the brain and spinal *** with ALS develop skeletal muscle weakness,resulting in death from respiratory paralysis,which usually occurs 2-4 years after clinical onset(Goutman et al.,2022).

关键词： paralysis sclerosis

Versatile chiroptical induction/manipulation through specific solvation of ion pairs by alcohols

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 610-621页

作者： Chunhong Liu Xin Chen Yanling Shen Ting Zhao Dayang Zhou Kun Li Jiecheng Ji Wanhua Wu Xuemei Pu Cheng Yang Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry&Technology of Ministry of Education Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China Comprehensive Analysis Center ISIROsaka UniversityOsaka 565-0871Japan

While extensive research has explored manipulating supramolecular chirality through internal and external factors,the specific solvation effect remains uncharted *** study synthesized ortho-functionalized pillar[5]arene(P[5])derivatives Mn and Dn via thiol-Michael addition,characterizing them through spectroscopic and X-ray single-crystal *** and Dn interacted with chiral amines,yielding significant circular dichroism(CD)***,the chiral induction exhibited pronounced specific solvation effects,where achiral alcohols either enhanced,attenuated,or reversed CD *** over 40 alcohols revealed correlations between the specific solvation effects and alcohol polarity and *** dynamics simulations unveiled that the alcohol interacted distinctly through hydrogen bonding,with one ion pair bonding up to four alcohol *** Rp-and Sp-preference of the P[5]core could be altered by the number of bonded *** work uncovers the critical role of alcohol-specific solvation in ion pair-involved chiral assembly,pertinent for asymmetric ion-pairing catalysis and the use of alcohol additives in organic solvents.

关键词： chiroptical induction specific solvation ion pair pillararene H-bond

Miyaoka-type inequalities for terminal threefolds with nef anti-canonical divisors

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第1期68卷 1-18页

作者： Masataka Iwai Chen Jiang Haidong Liu Department of Mathematics Graduate School of ScienceOsaka UniversityOsaka 560-0043Japan Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences&School of Mathematical Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of mathematics Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

In this paper,we study Miyaoka-type inequalities on Chern classes of terminal projective 3-folds with nef anti-canonical *** X be a terminal projective 3-fold such that-KX is *** show that if c_(1)(X)·c_(2)(X)≠0,then c_(1)(X)·c_(2)(X)≥1/252;if further X is not rationally connected,then c_(1)(X)·c_(2)(X)≥4/5 and this inequality is *** order to prove this,we give a partial classification of such varieties along with many *** also study the nonvanishing of c_(1)(X)^(dim X-2)·c_(2)(X)for terminal weak Fano varieties and prove a Miyaoka-Kawamata-type inequality.

关键词： terminal threefolds Miyaoka-type inequality boundedness

Imaging characteristics of hypervascular focal nodular hyperplasialike lesions in patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第2期31卷 61-70页

作者： Atsushi Urase Masakatsu Tsurusaki Ryohei Kozuki Atsushi Kono Keitaro Sofue Kazunari Ishii Department of Radiology Kindai UniversityFaculty of MedicineOsakasayama 589-8511OsakaJapan Department of Radiology Kansai Medical University Medical CenterMoriguchi 570-8507OsakaJapan Department of Radiology Kobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobe 650-0017HyogoJapan

BACKGROUND Focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH)-like lesions are hyperplastic formations in patients with micronodular cirrhosis and a history of alcohol *** pathologically similar to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)lesions,they are *** such,it is important to develop methods to distinguish between FNH-like lesions and *** To evaluate diagnostically differential radiological findings between FNH-like lesions and *** We studied pathologically confirmed FNH-like lesions in 13 patients with alco-holic cirrhosis[10 men and 3 women;mean age:54.5±12.5(33-72)years]who were negative for hepatitis-B surface antigen and hepatitis-C virus antibody and underwent dynamic computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),including superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)and/or gadoxetic acid-enhanced *** patients also underwent angiography-assisted *** The evaluated lesion features included arterial enhancement pattern,washout appearance(low density compared with that of surrounding liver parenchyma),signal intensity on T1-weighted image(T1WI)and T2-weighted image(T2WI),central scar presence,chemical shift on in-and out-of-phase images,and uptake pattern on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI hepatobiliary phase and SPIO-enhanced *** patients had multiple small lesions(<1.5 cm).Radiological features of FNH-like lesions included hypervascularity despite small lesions,lack of“corona-like”enhancement in the late phase on CT during hepatic angiography(CTHA),high-intensity on T1WI,slightly high-or iso-intensity on T2WI,no signal decrease in out-of-phase images,and complete SPIO uptake or incomplete/partial uptake of gadoxetic ***,similar to HCC,FNH-like lesions showed many unpaired arteries and sinusoidal *** Overall,the present study showed that FNH-like lesions have unique radiological findings useful for differential ***,SPIO-and/or gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI and CTHA features might facili

关键词： Focal nodular hyperplasia Alcoholic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma Magnetic resonance imaging Liver

Effect of Coffee Aroma on Cerebral Activity during Concentration Tasks

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2025年第1期15卷 137-146页

作者： Moemi Matsuo Taiyo Ichibakase Hikaru Suyama Runa Takahara Takashi Higuchi Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences Nishikyushu University Saga Japan Department of Physical Therapy Osaka University of Human Sciences Osaka Japan

Caffeine has been shown to reduce various health risks, such as diabetes, obesity, and vascular diseases, and it may provide health benefits when consumed in moderate amounts, such as three to four cups per day. However, caffeine may exhibit harmful effects depending on the dose. Although the health benefits and disadvantages of caffeine intake have been studied, the effects of caffeine’s aroma have hardly been studied. This study aimed to examine the impact of caffeine scent on brain activity during cognitive tasks using electroencephalography (EEG). This study included 30 healthy young adults. We investigated cerebral activity using EEG during the concentration tasks. Participants performed tasks under pre- and post-conditions, including drinking coffee, smelling coffee, or drinking water. The number of correct responses and reaction times were calculated for each task, and mean power levels were analyzed. A linear mixed model was applied with “performance”, “ROI”, and “wave band” to examine the effects of conditions and timing. Significant differences were observed in left-frontal θ power (coffee α power (coffee P θ between pre- and post-task during water conditions (pre α on the frontal lobe and higher θ are associated with improved arousal and cognitive functions. Drinking coffee reduced α power, whereas smelling coffee or drinking water increased θ power. Therefore, drinking coffee, smelling coffee, and drinking water may affect cerebral activities and enhance cognitive performance.

关键词： Coffee Caffeine Concentration Electroencephalography Brain Function Neuroimaging

Concept Analysis of the Utilization of Artifacts in Nursing Practice Instruction

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Open Journal of Nursing 2025年第1期15卷 21-29页

作者： Takeshi Matsumoto Department of Nursing Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Nursing Osaka Metropolitan University Osaka Japan

This study aims to clarify the conceptual characteristics of artifact utilization in nursing practice instruction. Five selected articles were analyzed using the concept analysis method by Walker and Avant. The attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the concept were extracted from the target literature. The analysis revealed two attributes (“connecting people to people” and “connecting people to objects”);two antecedents (“recognition of artifacts” and “selection of artifacts”);and two consequences (“designing a fulfilling learning environment” and “improving the quality of education”). The concept was defined as “promoting the utilization of artifacts by recognizing and selecting them, connecting people to people and people to objects, designing a fulfilling learning environment, and improving the quality of education”.

关键词： Artifacts Nursing Practice Instruction Concept Analysis

Health Education Using Videos and Leaflets to Promote Preconception Care for Adolescent Females in Japan Evaluation up to Six Months Later

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Health 2025年第1期17卷 49-64页

作者： Midori Nagusa Faculty of Nursing Setsunan University Osaka Japan

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate health education using videos and leaflets for preconception care (PCC) awareness among adolescent females up to six months after the health education. Methods: The subjects were female university students living in the Kinki area. A longitudinal survey was conducted on 67 members in the intervention group, who received the health education, and 52 members in the control group, who did not receive the health education. The primary outcome measures were knowledge of PCC and the subscales of the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile. Surveys were conducted before, after, and six months after the intervention in the intervention group, and an initial survey and survey six months later were conducted in the control group. Cochran’s Q test, Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test, and McNemar’s test were used to analyze the knowledge of PCC data. The Health Awareness, Nutrition, and Stress Management subscales of the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile were analyzed by paired t-test, and comparisons between the intervention and control groups were performed using the two-way repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: In the intervention group of 67 people, the number of subjects who answered “correct” for five of the nine items concerning knowledge of PCC increased immediately after the health education (P = 0.006) but decreased for five items from immediately after the health education to six months later (P = 0.043). In addition, the number of respondents who answered “correct” for “low birth weight infants and future lifestyle-related diseases” (P = 0.016) increased after six months compared with before the health education. For the 52 subjects in the control group, there was no change in the number of subjects who answered “correct” for eight out of the nine items after six months. There was also no increase in scores for the Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile after six months for either the intervention or control

关键词： Preconception Care Adolescent Females Health Education Leaflets Videos Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

A Two-Pronged Approach to Security of Discrete-Event Systems

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2025年第01期 178-209页

作者： MATSUI Shoma RUDIE Karen CAI Kai Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & the Ingenuity Labs Research Institute Queen's University Department of Core Informatics Osaka Metropolitan University

This paper investigates a security problem of simultaneously addressing two types of attacks: Eavesdropping and infiltration. The authors model the target system as a discrete-event system(DES) with subsets of concealable events and protectable events, in order to make the proposed methodology applicable to various practical systems and employ two existing works of DES security: Degree of opacity and state protection. Specifically, the authors consider that all protectable events are observable, and some observable events are concealable. In addition, protectable events cannot be protected once they are concealed. Given such a constraint, the goal is to figure out which events to conceal and which transitions to protect so that the prescribed requirements of degree of opacity and state protection are satisfied. In this work the authors decide which events to conceal as all transitions of a given event label are concealed or not concealed. The proposed problem formulation also requires a solution to only involve absolutely necessary protectable events in order for the system to avoid superfluous protection costs. The authors first examine a general version of our security problem with an intuitive algorithm to compute acceptable solutions, and then present a special version which results in a reduced computation time compared to the general version.

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A Generalization of Hardy Spaces H^p by Using Atoms

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第8期24卷 1243-1268页

作者： Eiichi NAKAI Department of Mathematics Osaka Kyoiku UniversityKashiwaraOsaka 582 8582Japan

Let X = （X, d,μ） The purpose of this paper is to be a space of homogeneous type in the sense of Coifman and Weiss. generalize the definition of Hardy space H^P（X） and prove that the generalized Hardy spaces have the same property as H^P（X）. Our definition includes a kind of Hardy- Orlicz spaces and a kind of Hardy spaces with variable exponent. The results are new even for the R^n case. Let （X, δ, μ） be the normalized space of （X, d, μ） in the sense of Macias and Segovia. We also study the relations of our function spaces for （X, d, μ） and （X, δ,μ）.

关键词： Hardy space Hard-Orlicz space variable exponent Campanato space space of homogeneous type