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Analyzing the surface passivity effect of germanium oxynitride:a comprehensive approach through first principles simulation and interface state density

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 74-84页

作者： Sheng-Jie Du Xiu-Xia Li Yang Tian Yuan-Yuan Liu Ke Jia Zhong-Zheng Tang Jian-Ping Cheng Zhi Deng Yu-Lan Li Zheng-Cao Li Sha-Sha Lv College of Nuclear Science and Technology joint Laboratory of Jinping Ultra‑Low Radiation Background Measurement of Ministry of Ecology and Environment Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China joint Research Center Nuctech Company LimitedBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Physics Key Laboratory of Particle&Radiation Imaging of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High-purity germanium(HPGe)detectors,which are used for direct dark matter detection,have the advantages of a low threshold and excellent energy *** surface passivation of HPGe has become crucial for achieving an extremely low energy *** this study,first-principles simulations,passivation film preparation,and metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)capacitor characterization were combined to study surface *** calculations of the energy band structure of the -H,-OH,and -NH_(2) passivation groups on the surface of Ge were performed,and the interface state density and potential with five different passivation groups with N/O atomic ratios were accurately analyzed to obtain a stable surface *** on the theoretical calculation results,the surface passivation layers of the Ge_(2)ON_(2) film were prepared via magnetron sputtering in accordance with the optimum atomic ratio *** microstructure,C-V,and I-V electrical properties of the layers,and the passivation effect of the Al/Ge_(2)ON_(2)/Ge MOS were characterized to test the interface state *** mean interface state density obtained by the Terman method was 8.4×10^(11) cm^(-2) eV^(-1).The processing of germanium oxynitrogen passivation films is expected to be used in direct dark matter detection of the HPGe detector surface passivation technology to reduce the detector leakage currents.

关键词： Surface passivation High purity germanium detector Germanium nitrogen oxide Interface state density

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Probing the Efficiency of PPMG-Based Composite Electrolytes for Applications of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第3期30卷 262-283页

作者： Shakeel Ahmed Faizah Altaf Safyan Akram Khan Sumaira Manzoor Aziz Ahmad Muhammad Mansha Shahid Ali Ata-ur-Rehman Karl Jacob School of Material Science and Engineering Henan International Joint Laboratory of Nano-Photoelectric Magnetic MaterialsHenan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals31261 DhahranSaudi Arabia School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic *** acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene *** proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(SGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 S/cm to 0.060 S/*** induction of the optimum level of SGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic *** single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 *** highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative *** showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical *** results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Sulfonated graphene oxide Polyvinylpyrrolidone Solution casting Membrane electrode assembly Fuel cell performance

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Non-Responding Knee Pain with Osteoarthritis, Meniscus and Ligament Tears Treated with Ultrasound Guided Autologous, Micro-Fragmented and Minimally Manipulated Adipose Tissue

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Open Journal of Regenerative Medicine 2017年第2期6卷 17-26页

作者： Richard David Striano Valeria Battista Norma Bilboo optimum joint New York USA Istituto Image Milano Italy

Background: Chronic knee pain from advanced osteoarthritis is often associated with tears in the fibro-cartilaginous meniscus and cruciate ligaments. The result is substantial pain and impairments and loss of daily function, thus limiting activity and quality of life. These often include pain, loss of range of 116 motion, inability to elevate the leg, pain increased with activity and gradual worsening over time. This represents a challenging clinical picture for which few non-surgical options are available. Most patients failing to respond to current methods of care are offered arthroplasty. Current therapies are focused on the relief of the symptoms but cannot repair the damage nor stop the degenerative process. Objective: This is a case study of the first subject in a continuing IRB to reach a 2.5 year end-point. Our intention was to investigate the potential benefits of using autologous, minimally manipulated fat graft in subjects with advanced osteoarthritis and meniscus pathology who had failed to obtain benefit from previous, standards of care. Study description: 73 YO male, end stage bone-on-bone right knee pain. First subject to reach the 2 1/2 year follow up after Lipogems®?precision ultrasound guided injections. Material and Methods: Micro-fragmented fat was obtained using a minimal manipulation technology in a closed system, Lipogems®, without the addition of enzymes or other additives. Fat graft was injected under continuous ultrasound guidance. Results: VAS pain, KOOS function, range of motion and quadriceps strength improved after treatment. Conclusion: Autologous, micronized, and minimally manipulated adipose tissue resulted in significant improvement in pain, function and quality of life. No adverse events were reported.

关键词： Stem Cells Adipose Graft Knee Arthritis Lipogems? Knee Pain Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue MSC Properties Osteoarthritis

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Novel Application of High Voltage Electrostatics Corona Ions Discharge Related to Treatment, Sanitization and Disinfection of Biological Matter Such HIV-AIDS Infected Blood

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2018年第1期23卷 112-121页

作者： HAMADE Thomas A. University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University

A novel high-voltage electrostatics corona ions pre-charger apparatus and methods were invented earlier by Hamade related to treat various types of receptors such as but not limited to electret polymer, air filters, particulates, catalytic converters, bioaerosols, fluids, pollutants, virus, and bacteria. It is shown in this article that his work led to the construction of various prototype chargers, customized differently for each type of a receptor. In particular his recent development of biological matter corona charger(BMCC) prototype related to expose, treat, sanitize, and disinfect bioaerosols, virus, bacteria, and contaminated fluids and blood such as human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS). It is shown in this paper that each previous investigated research contemplated ionized corona charger attendant to a charging process and the corona, imparts and provides enough treatment charges to receptors including the aforementioned *** often relied on adopting prior corona charger methods that do not necessarily and effectively solve the problems associated with them or utilize them for optimum treatment effect. The inventor exhaustively studied the characteristics of corona discharge, and has found that the greatest difficulty in corona discharge has to do with the maintenance of the corona, particularly when the receptor is being charged. This is due to variations in either the dielectric value between the corona electrode and a grounded base or flaws in the design as the receptor passes there between suppressing or hindering corona and its effectiveness. What is needed in-the-art is an apparatus and method to achieve maximum possible charge on a receptor, a charge order of magnitude greater than that used by other investigators. This often requires customizing each apparatus and method and does not just merely use one type of a charger to satisfy all applications. To satisfy this need, we build a low cost prot

关键词： high voltage corona ions discharge disinfection acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) infected blood electret emission catalytic converter

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Optimized production of a novel bioflocculant M-C11 by Klebsiella sp. and its application in sludge dewatering

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第10期26卷 2076-2083页

作者： Jiewei Liu Junwei Ma Yanzhong Liu Ya Yang Dongbei Yue Hongtao Wang State Key joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University School of Environment Tsinghua University

The optimized production of a novel bioflocculant M-C11 produced by Klebsiella sp. and its application in sludge dewatering were investigated. The optimal medium carbon source,nitrogen source, metal ion, initial pH and culture temperature for the bioflocculant production were glucose, NaNO3, MgSO4, and pH 7.0 and 25°C, respectively. A compositional analysis indicated that the purified M-C11 consisted of 91.2% sugar, 4.6% protein and 3.9% nucleic acids（m/m）. A Fourier transform infrared spectrum confirmed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl,methoxyl and amino groups. The microbial flocculant exhibited excellent pH and thermal stability in a kaolin suspension over a pH range of 4.0 to 8.0 and a temperature range of 20 to 60°*** optimum bioflocculating activity was observed as 92.37% for 2.56 mL M-C11 and 0.37 g/L CaCl2 dosages using response surface methodology. The sludge resistance in filtration（SRF）decreased from 11.6 × 1012 to 4.7 × 1012m/kg, which indicated that the sludge dewaterability was remarkably enhanced by the bioflocculant conditioning. The sludge dewatering performance conditioned by M-C11 was more efficient than that of inorganic flocculating reagents,such as aluminum sulfate and polymeric aluminum chloride. The bioflocculant has advantages over traditional sludge conditioners due to its lower cost, benign biodegradability and negligible secondary pollution. In addition, the bioflocculant was favorably adapted to the specific sludge pH and salinity.

关键词： Bioflocculant Klebsiella sp. Optimized production Response surface methodology Sludge dewatering

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Effects of mixture ratio on anaerobic co-digestion with fruit and vegetable waste and food waste of China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第8期23卷 1403-1408页

作者： Jia Lin Jiane Zuo Lili Gan Peng Li Fenglin Liu Kaijun Wang Lei Chen Hainan Gan State Key joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control (SKLESPC) School of EnvironmentTsinghua'University Beijing 100084 China. joint R & D Ceter of Tsinghua Univesity (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering) andShandong Sifon Environmental Protection & Bio-Energy Co. Ltd. Beijing 100084 China

The biochemical methane potentials for typical fruit and vegetable waste （FVW） and food waste （FW） from a northern China city were investigated, which were 0.30, 0.56 m3 CH4/kgVS （volatile solids） with biodegradabilities of 59.3% and 83.6%, respectively. Individual anaerobic digestion testes of FVW and FW were conducted at the organic loading rate （OLR） of 3 kg VS/（m3-day） using a lab-scale continuous stirred-tank reactor at 35°C. FVW could be digested stably with the biogas production rate of 2.17 ma/（m3-day） and methane production yield of 0.42 m3 CH4/kg VS. However, anaerobic digestion process for FW was failed due to acids accumulation. The effects of FVW： FW ratio on co-digestion stability and performance were further investigated at the same OLR. At FVW and FW mixing ratios of 2：1 and 1：1, the performance and operation of the digester were maintained stable, with no accumulation of volatile fatty acids （VFA） and ammonia. Changing the feed to a higher FW content in a ratio of FVW to FW 1：2, resulted in an increase in VFAs concentration to 1100-1200 rag/L, and the methanogenesis was slightly inhibited. At the optimum mixture ratio 1：1 for co-digestion of FVW with FW, the methane production yield was 0.49 m3 CH4/kg VS, and the volatile solids and soluble chemical oxygen demand （sCOD） removal efficiencies were 74.9% and 96.1%, respectively.

关键词： anaerobic co-digestion biochemical methane potential continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) fruit and vegetable waste food waste

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Biomechanical evaluation of a novel transtibial posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using high-strength sutures in a porcine bone model

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Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第19期134卷 2316-2321页

作者： Ming-Yi Duan Rui Sun Lei-Ting Zhuang Hang-Zhou Zhang Department of Orthopedics Joint Surgery and Sports MedicineFirst Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110001China

Background:Multiple techniques are commonly used for posterior cruciate ligament(PCL)***,the optimum method regarding the fixation of PCL reconstruction after PCL tears remains *** purpose of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties among three different tibial fixation procedures for transtibial single-bundle PCL ***:Thirty-six porcine tibias and porcine extensor tendons were randomized into three fixation study groups:the interference screw fixation(IS)group,the transtibial tubercle fixation(TTF)group,and TTF+IS group(n=12 in each group).The structural properties of the three fixation groups were tested under cyclic loading and *** slippage after the cyclic loading test and the stiffness and ultimate failure load after load-to-failure testing were ***:After 1000 cycles of cyclic testing,no significant difference was observed in graft slippage among the three *** load-to-failure testing,the TTF+IS group showed a higher ultimate failure load than the TTF group and the IS group(876.34±58.78 N vs.660.92±77.74 N[P<0.001]vs.556.49±65.33 N[P<0.001]).The stiffness in the TTF group was significantly lower than that in the IS group and the TTF+IS group(92.77±20.16 N/mm in the TTF group vs.120.27±15.66 N/m in the IS group[P=0.001]and 131.79±17.95 N/mm in the TTF+IS group[P<0.001]).No significant difference in the mean stiffness was found between the IS group and the TTF+IS group(P=0.127).Conclusions:In this biomechanical study,supplementary fixation with transtibial tubercle sutures increased the ultimate failure load during load-to-failure testing for PCL reconstruction.

关键词： Posterior cruciate ligament Transtibial technique Biomechanics Interference screw High-strength sutures

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Virtual preoperative planning and 3D printing are valuable for the management of complex orthopaedic trauma

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2019年第6期22卷 350-355页

作者： Abhishek Mishra Tarun Verma Abhishek Vaish Riya Vaish Raju Vaishya Lalit Maini Department of Orthopaedics and joint Replacement Surgery Maulana Azad Medical CollegeLok Nayak HospitalNew Delhi 110001India Department of Orthopaedics and joint Replacement Surgery Indraprastha Apollo HospitalSaritaViharNew Delhi 110076India

Purpose:The technology of 3D printing(3DP)exists for quite some time,but it is still not utilized to its full potential in the field of orthopaedics and traumatology,such as underestimating its worth in virtual preoperative planning(VPP)and designing various models,templates,and *** can be a significant tool in the reduction of surgical morbidity and better surgical outcome avoiding various associated ***:An observational study was done including 91 cases of complex trauma presented in our institution requiring operative *** preoperative planning and 3DP were used in the management of these *** managing these cases were given a set of questionnaire and responses were recorded and assessed as a quantitative ***:In all the 91 cases,where VPP and 3DP were used,the surgeons were satisfied with the outcome which they got intraoperatively and *** time was reduced,with a better *** dimensional models of complex fracture were helpful in understanding the anatomy and sketching out the plans for optimum reduction and *** average score of the questionnaire was 4.5,out of a maximum of 6,suggesting a positive role of 3DP in ***:3DP is useful in complex trauma management by accurate reduction and placement of implants,reduction of surgical time and with a better *** there is an initial learning curve to understand and execute the VPP and 3DP,these become easier with practice and experience.

关键词： Three-dimensional printing Bone fractures Fracture dislocation X-ray computed tomography

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Waste activated sludge treatment based on temperature staged and biologically phased anaerobic digestion system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第10期25卷 2056-2064页

作者： Jingwen Yu1 Mingxia Zheng Tao Tao Jiane Zuo Kaijun Wang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology State Key joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua University

The concept of temperature staged and biological phased （TSBP） was proposed to enhance the performance of waste-activated sludge anaerobic digestion. Semi-continuous experiments were used to investigate the effect of temperature （35 to 70℃） as well as the hydraulic retention time （HRT）（2, 4 and 6 days） on the acidogenic phase. The results showed that the solubilization degree of waste- activated sludge increased from 14.7% to 30.1% with temperature increasing from 35 to 70℃, while the acidification degree was highest at 45℃ （17.6%）, and this was quite different from the temperature impact on hydrolysis. Compared with HRT of 2 and 6 days, 4 days was chosen as the appropriate HRT because of its relatively high solubilization degree （24.6%） and acidification degree （20.1%） at 45℃. The TSBP system combined the acidogenic reactor （45℃, 4 days） with the methanogenic reactor （35℃, 16 days） and the results showed 84.8% and 11.4% higher methane yield and volatile solid reduction, respectively, compared with that of the single-stage anaerobic digestion system with HRT of 20 days at 35℃. Moreover, different microbial morphologies were observed in the acidogenic- and methanogenic-phase reactors, which resulted from the temperature control and HRT adjustment. All the above results indicated that 45℃ was the optimum temperature to inhibit the activity of methanogenic bacteria in the acidogenic phase, and temperature staging and phase separation was thus accomplished. The advantages of the TSBP process were also confirmed by a full-scale waste-activated sludge anaerobic digestion project which was an energy self-sufficient system.

关键词： temperature-staged and biologically-phased acidogenic and methanogenic phases temperature hydraulic retention time

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Removal of SO_2 from flue gas using Bayer red mud:Influence factors and mechanism

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第2期26卷 467-478页

作者： TAO Lei WU Heng WANG Jie LI Bin WANG Xue-qian NING Ping Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology National and Local joint Engineering Research Center for Waste Gas Resource Utilization in Metallurgy and Chemical Industry Kunming University of Science and Technology

The absorbent composing of Bayer red mud and water was prepared and applied to removing SO2 from flue *** of the ratio of liquid to solid(L/S),the absorption temperature,the inlet SO2 concentration,the O2 concentration,SO4^2-and other different components of Bayer red mud on desulfurization were *** mechanism of flue gas desulfurization was also *** results indicated that L/S was the prominent factor,followed by the inlet SO2 concentration and the temperature was the least among *** optimum condition was as follows:L/S,the temperature and the SO2 concentration were 20:1,25℃and 1000 mg/m^3,respectively,under the gas flow of 1.5 L/*** desulfurization efficiency was not significantly influenced when O2 concentration was above 7%.The accumulation of SO4^2-inhibited the desulfurization *** alkali absorption and metal ions liquid catalytic oxidation were involved in the process,which accounted for 98.61%.

关键词： Bayer red mud flue gas desulfurization wet catalytic oxidation iron catalysis

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