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Normal Crossings Singularities for Symplectic Topology:Structures

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 107-160页

作者： Mohammad FARAJZADEH-TEHRANI Mark MCLEAN Aleksey ZINGER The University of Iowa MacLean HallIowa CityIA 52241 Department of Mathematics Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794

Our previous papers introduce topological notions of normal crossings symplectic divisor and variety,show that they are equivalent,in a suitable sense,to the corresponding geometric notions,and establish a topological smoothability criterion for normal crossings symplectic *** present paper constructs a blowup,a complex line bundle,and a logarithmic tangent bundle naturally associated with a normal crossings symplectic divisor and determines the Chern class of the last *** structures have applications in constructions and analysis of various moduli *** a corollary of the Chern class formula for the logarithmic tangent bundle,we refine Aluffi’s formula for the Chern class of the tangent bundle of the blowup at a complete intersection to account for the torsion and extend it to the blowup at the deepest stratum of an arbitrary normal crossings divisor.

关键词： Normal crossings divisor Chern class Logarithmic tangent bundle

Advancements in breath-based diagnostics for pancreatic cancer:Current insights and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2300-2303页

作者： Mesut Tez Eda Sahingoz Huseyin Fahri Martli Department of Surgery University of Health SciencesAnkara City HospitalAnkara 06800Türkiye Department of General Surgery Saglik Bilimleri UniversityAnkara 06100Turkiye Department of General Surgery Ankara City HospitalAnkara 06100Türkiye

Recent decades have seen a concerning surge in carcinogenic diseases,with cancer cases and deaths on the rise *** diagnostic methods are often invasive and time-consuming,highlighting the need for fast,accurate,and painless ***-invasive exhaled breath analysis emerges as a promising solution,with over 200 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)detected in exhaled air,showing potential as biomarkers for various diseases,including *** the lack of standardized methodologies,advancements in analytical instruments have expanded detection capabilities,reaching 3500 *** have identified specific VOC patterns associated with different cancers,offering hope for non-invasive *** such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electronic noses show promise in distinguishing between healthy individuals and cancer ***,further research and standardization are needed to realize the full clinical potential of breath-based diagnostics,particularly in the early detection of challenging cancers like pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreas Volatile organic compounds Diagnosis Cancer Breath

First Case Report of Cystic Echinococcosis Caused by G7 Genotype Echinococcus intermedius Confirmed by Genetic Sequencing—Southern China,December 2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第23期6卷 558-562页

作者： De Wu Jiayi Zhang Jieling Wang Yangyang Zhao Lei Wang Qiang Mao Haisen Lin Gang Yao Guanting Zhang Xu Wang Chuizhao Xue Ying Wang Jingdiao Chen Parasitic Disease Prevention and Control Institute Guangdong Center for Disease Control and PreventionGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Epidemic Prevention and Control Institute Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhuhai CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Prevention&Healthcare Zhuhai First People's HospitalZhuhai CityGuangdong ProvinceChina National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)ShanghaiChina

What is already known about this topic?Echinococcosis exhibits a global *** China,the primary endemic area is the northwest *** December 2023,we documented a case of echinococcosis in an individual lacking any travel or residential history in endemic *** is added by this report?This is the first laboratory-confirmed case of hepatic echinococcosis reported in Guangdong Province,associated with the G7 genotype of Echinococcus granulosus(***).The most probable mode of transmission is a local infection resulting from *** introduced from endemic *** are the implications for public health practice?As the circulation of agricultural products increases,it is essential to enhance the quarantine and management of livestock from epidemic areas to prevent and control the spread of echinococcosis to non-epidemic regions.

关键词： travel fir northwest

Metabolomic evidence of independent biotransformation pathways for terpenes in two specialist mammalian herbivores (genus Neotoma)

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 143-155页

作者： Katharina SCHRAMM Michele SKOPEC Denise DEARING Department of Biology University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA Department of Zoology Weber State UniversityOgdenUtahUSA

Herbivory is common in mammals,yet our understanding of detoxification processes used by mammals to biotrans-form plant secondary compounds(PSCs)is *** herbivores are thought to have evolved detoxifica-tion mechanisms that rely more heavily on energetically cheap Phase I biotransformation reactions to process high levels of PSCs in their *** explored this hypothesis by comparing the urinary metabolite patterns of two spe-cialist herbivores(genus Neotoma).Neotoma stephensi is an obligate specialist on one-seeded juniper(Juniperus monosperma).Neotoma lepida is a generalist forager across its range,yet populations in the Great Basin specialize on Utah juniper(***).While both juniper species have high levels of terpenes,the terpene profiles and quantities differ between the *** from both woodrat species were fed diets of each juniper in a cross-over ***,collected over a 24-h period,was extracted and analyzed in an untargeted metabolomics approach using both GC-MS and HPLC-MS/*** obligate specialist *** excreted a unique pattern of Phase I metabolites when fed its native juniper,while *** excreted a unique pattern of Phase II metabolites when fed its native *** woodrat species utilized the Phase II metabolic pathway of glucuronidation more heavily when consuming the more chemically diverse ***,and *** utilized less glucuronida-tion than *** when consuming *** results are consistent with the hypothesis that obligate specialists may have evolved unique and efficient biotransformation mechanisms for dealing with PSCs in their diet.

关键词： dietary specialization herbivory juniper metabolomics Neotoma

Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Parainfluenza Viruses Infections-China,2019-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第12期6卷 235-241,I0003,I0004页

作者： Yixuan Gao Yingwei Ma Daxing Feng Feng Zhang Biao Wang Xiaoqing Liu Bing Zhu Hui Xie Linqing Zhao Xiaoru Long Ying Chen Bing Wang Jie Jiang Zhen Zhu Yan Zhang Aili Cui Baicheng Xia Naiying Mao National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Precision Medicine Research Center Children’s Hospital of ChangchunChangchun CityJilin ProvinceChina Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Zhengzhou CityHenan ProvinceChina Laboratory of Viral Diseases Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and PreventionQingdao CityShandong ProvinceChina Virus Laboratory Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionLanzhou CityGansu ProvinceChina Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanchang CityGansu ProvinceChina Virus Laboratory Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CenterGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute for Immunization and Prevention Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and ControlAcademy for Preventive MedicineInstitute of Tuberculosis Control Research and PreventionBeijingChina Laboratory of Virology Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in ChildrenCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina Department of Infection Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Comprehensive Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hohhot CityInner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina Shenyang Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shenyang CityLiaoning ProvinceChina

Introduction:A retrospective study based on sentinel surveillance was conducted in 10 provinciallevel administrative divisions(PLADs)in China to enhance the understanding of the epidemiological characteristics of human parainfluenza viruses(HPIVs).Methods:From January 2019 to June 2023,respiratory specimens were collected from individuals with acute respiratory infections(ARIs)and screened for four HPIVs serotypes and other common respiratory viruses using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR).This study analyzed the association of HPIVs infections with seasonal patterns,geographical distribution,demographic profiles,clinical features,and co-infection ***:During the study period,a total of 12,866 ARIs were *** overall detection rate of HPIVs was 6.15%,varying from 5.04%in 2022 to 9.70%in *** median age of HPIVs-infected patients was 3 ***2 was more prevalent among individuals aged 5–17 years(42.57%),while HPIV4 was more common in those over 65 years(12.24%).HPIV3(54.16%)and HPIV1(27.18%)were the predominant serotypes,and their prevalence exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations postcoronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)*** peak of HPIV3 shifted three months later in 2020 compared to 2019 and returned to a summer peak *** peaks of HPIV1 were observed in 2021 following the peak of ***,coinfections were frequent in HPIVs cases(overall rate:22.12%),with human rhinovirus being the most common co-infecting ***:The prevalence of HPIVs in China was predominantly due to HPIV3 and HPIV1,and their seasonal patterns were altered by pandemic ***,continuous surveillance of HPIVs is essential.

关键词： prevalence seasonal Human

Hierarchical crystalline-amorphous nanocomposites with high strength and large deformability enabled by elemental diffusion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 150-161页

作者： Liqiang Wang Heyi Wang Xin Zhou Huangliu Fu James Utama Surjadi Shuo Qu Xu Song Rong Fan Yang Lu Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Nano-Manufacturing Laboratory(NML) Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong KongShenzhen 518057China Chengdu Research Institute City University of Hong KongChengdu 610200China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Amorphous/nanocrystalline dual-phase structures have recently emerged as an effective way for over-coming the strength-ductility trade-offand breaking the limitation of the reverse Hall-Petch ***,we proposed a new strategy to develop a hierarchical and interconnected amorphous-crystalline nanocomposite arising from the nanoscale elemental interdiffusion and oxygen adsorption behavior dur-ing thermal treatment *** nanocomposite consisted of a three-dimensional(3D)hierarchical network structure where the crystalline phase(Cr-Co-Ni-Al)was embedded into the Al-O-based amor-phous phase network with critical feature sizes encompassing three orders of magnitude(from microm-eter to nanometer scale).It can achieve ultrahigh compression yield strength of-3.6 GPa with large homogeneous deformation of over 50%*** massive interstitial atoms induced lattice distortion and hierarchical amorphous phase boundary contributed to the strength *** situ Uniaxial compression inside a transmission electron microscope(TEM)revealed that the exceptional deformability of the nanocomposites resulted from the homogenous plastic flow of nano-sized amorphous phase and the plastic co-deformation behavior restricted by the nano-architected dual-phase *** proposed dual-phase synthesis approach can outperform conventional nanolaminates design strategies in terms of the mechanical properties achievable while providing a pathway to easily tune the microstructure of these nanolaminates.

关键词： Nanolaminates Dual-phase nanocomposites In situ transmission electron microscopy Multi-component alloy

Surveillance Report of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Tinghu District,Yancheng city,2021

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第4期8卷 135-141页

作者： Lili Yan Zhiqin Kai Center for Disease Control and Prevention Tinghu DistrictYancheng CityJiangsu Province 224000China

Objective:To comprehensively understand the changes and prevalence of major chronic diseases among residents of Tinghu District,Yancheng city,in 2021,and to analyze the trends of the major risk factors for the onset of chronic diseases in the ***:Chronic diseases and their risk factors in Tinghu District in 2021 were monitored among the resident population who had lived in the district for five years or more and were aged 18 years or *** survey was conducted using random cluster sampling,with 7,130 questionnaires *** data processing,7,012 valid questionnaires were obtained,resulting in a qualification rate of 98.35%.Results:Among the chronic diseases reported in the survey population,hypertension had the highest prevalence at 37.61%,followed by dyslipidemia at 37.19%.Other chronic diseases were ranked in order of prevalence from highest to *** of gender,the top three chronic diseases were hypertension,diabetes,and *** regression analysis identified both non-preventable risk factors(such as family history,gender,and age)and preventable risk factors(such as smoking,sedentary behavior,overweight,and obesity)as significant contributors to the major chronic diseases in Tinghu ***:Analyzing the trends in the main risk factors for chronic disease incidence in Tinghu District,Yancheng city,provides a basis for developing a new comprehensive chronic disease prevention and control plan to address chronic disease prevention and management.

关键词： Chronic diseases Non-communicable Social factors Monitoring report

Does astrocytic L-lactate enhance cognition through myelination?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1167-1168页

作者： Mastura Akter Ying Li Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health Hong Kong Institute of Science&InnovationChinese Academy of SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Centre for Biosystems Neuroscienceand NanotechnologyCity University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Introduction:Astrocytes,the predominant glial cell in the brain,play a vital role in a plethora of central nervous system *** are the major storage site of glycogen in the central nervous *** produce L-lactate by glycogenolysis and glycolysis which is then transported to neurons(Magistretti and Allaman,2018).Multiple evidence using diverse behavioral paradigms,such as fear conditioning,conditioned place avoidance,rat gambling task(RGT),and flavor-place paired associate(PA)learning suggest that L-lactate has a beneficial effect on various aspects of cognition(Wang et al.,2017;Akter et al.,2023b).While the molecular mechanisms underlying the cognitive benefits of L-lactate are still emerging,it is well-established that astrocytic L-lactate can be used as an energy substrate by neurons and can induce N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent plasticity-driven gene expression during cognition(Magistretti and Allaman,2018).Additionally,recent evidence has revealed more roles of L-lactate which include myelination,neuronal mitochondrial biogenesis,and antioxidant defense(Sanchez-Abarca et al.,2001;Ichihara et al.,2017;Akter et al.,2023a,b).Myelin in the central nervous system is a specialized lipid-rich membrane formed by oligodendrocytes.

关键词： myelin specialized predominant

Miniature tunable Airy beam optical meta-device

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第2期7卷 5-12页

作者： Jing Cheng Zhang Mu Ku Chen Yubin Fan Qinmiao Chen Shufan Chen Jin Yao Xiaoyuan Liu Shumin Xiao Din Ping Tsai Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077China State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimeter Waves City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077China Centre for Biosystems Neuroscienceand NanotechnologyCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077China Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic SystemsHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Tunable Airy beams with controllable propagation trajectories have sparked interest in various fields,such as optical manipulation and laser *** research approaches encounter challenges related to insufficient compactness and integration feasibility,or they require enhanced tunability to enable real-time dynamic manipulation of the propagation *** this work,we present a novel method that utilizes a dual metasurface system to surpass these limitations,significantly enhancing the practical potential of the Airy *** approach involves encoding a cubic phase profile and two off-axis Fresnel lens phase profiles across the two *** validity of the proposed strategy has been confirmed through simulation and experimental *** proposed meta-device addresses the existing limitations and lays the foundation for broadening the applicability of Airy beams across diverse domains,encompassing light-sheet microscopy,laser fabrication,optical tweezers,etc.

关键词： metasurface miniature device tunable Airy beam tunable meta-device