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Chemopreventive Effect of Allspice in Azoxymethane (AOM) Induced Fisher 344 Male Rats

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第2期10卷 220-234页

作者： Ebube N. Onwasigwe Martha Verghese Hadyn Reid Carlissa Holden Lillian Smith Shantrell Willis Rajitha Sunkara Louis Shackelford Lloyd T. Walker nutritional biochemistry and carcinogenesis laboratory Department of Food and Animal Sciences Alabama A and M University Normal AL USA

Allspice contains phytochemicals which may have antioxidative and chemopreventive potential. The objective was to determine the effects of allspice on the AOM induced aberrant cryptic foci (ACF) in colon of Fisher 344 male rats. Rats were obtained from Harlan, IN, and raised in an environmentally controlled condition of 12 hours of light and dark cycles and at 50% relative humidity. Rats in experimental groups were fed with different concentrations of allspice (0.5%, 1% and 2%) in an AIN-93G based diet. Rats received AOM injections at 7 and 8 weeks of age at 16 mg/kg body weight. After 17 weeks, rats were asphyxiated with CO2, and liver, and colon samples were collected. Colons were stained with methylene blue to enumerate ACF and crypt multiplicity. Rats fed 0.5% allspice had the highest cecal pH (7.64) compared to control (6.88) (P ≤ 0.05). Rats in the treatment groups gained 225 g to 251 g over the 13-week period. A 29% reduction in total crypts was observed in rats fed 2% compared to 0.5% allspice. Highest number of crypts was seen in control group. Antioxidative enzyme activity was higher in rats fed allspice compared to the control group. Total tumors (0.25 - 2.5), tumor bearing rat ratio (1 - 2.5) and incidence rate (50% - 100%) in rats fed different concentrations of allspice were lower compared to rats in the control group (6.6%, 5.8%, and 100% respectively). Consumption of allspice in the diet reduced the number of ACF in Fisher 344 male rats. Allspice can be utilized in food formulations for its chemopreventive effects against colon cancer.

关键词： ACF (Aberrant Crypt Foci) AOM-Azoxymethane Methylene Blue Fisher 344 Male Rats Crypt Multiplicity

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Dietary-suppression of hepatic lipogenic enzyme expression in intact male transgenic mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第46期19卷 8671-8677页

作者： Maria Notarnicola Maria Gabriella Caruso Angela Tafaro Valeria Tutino Giusy Bianco Mario Minoia Antonio Francavilla laboratory of nutritional biochemistry National Institute for Digestive Diseases Animal Facility National Institute for Digestive Diseases Scientific Direction National Institute for Digestive Diseases

AIM:To study,in intact male transgenic mice,the effects of three diets based on olive oil and olive oil diet supplemented with lovastatin and orlistat on hepatic lipogenic enzymes expression,considered markers of cell ***:Forty ApcMin/+mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed for 10 wk:olive oil(OO)group,n=10 animals received a diet with olive oil 12%;olive oil plus lovastatin(LOVA)group,n=10 animals received the same diet with olive oil supplemented with lovastatin 5 mg/kg;olive oil plus orlistat(OR)group,n=10 animals fed the diet with olive oil supplemented with orlistat 50 mg/kg and SD group,n=10 animals fed a standard *** activity of lipogenic enzymes and their gene expression were evaluated by radiomet-ric and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay,***:After 10 wk of dietary treatment,the body weight was no different among animal groups(21.3±3.1 g for standard group,22.1±3.6 g for OO group,22.0±3.2 g for LOVA group and 20.7±3.4 g for OR group,data expressed as mean±SD),observing a generalized well-being in all *** the dietary managed treated groups presented significantly reduced hepatic levels of fatty acid synthase,farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase and 3-hydroxyl-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA reductase activity and gene expression when compared with the mice fed the standard *** evaluate cell proliferation in the liver of treated mice,the levels of cyclin E mRNA have been measured,demonstrating a significant reduction of cyclin E gene expression in all treated *** of reduced hepatic cell proliferation was present overall in OO group ***:We confirm the role of lipogenic enzymes as markers of cell proliferation,suggesting that appropriate dietary management alone or with drugs can be a feasible approach to counteract hepatic cell proliferation in mice.

关键词： Lipogenic enzymes Liver Markers of cell proliferation Transgenic mice Dietary treatment

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A plant-based diet and animal protein： questioning dietary fat and consideringanimal protein as the main cause of heart disease

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第5期14卷 331-337页

作者： Thomas Colin Campbell Emeritus of nutritional biochemistry Cornell University 8 Fiddlers Green Lansing NY 14882 USA.

Dietary ＇fat＇（e.g., oils, triglycerides, cholesterol） haslong been considered a major risk factor for cardiovascularand related diseases. As reviewed elsewhere,Vogel in1847 identified cholesterol as a major compo... 详细信息

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Cholesterol Dietary protein

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Effect of Drying Techniques on Antioxidant Capacity of Guava Fruit

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 544-554页

作者： Priyanka Patel Rajitha Sunkara Lloyd T. Walker Martha Verghese nutritional biochemistry laboratory Normal AL USA

Frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with low risk of chronic diseases. Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.) is a tropical, seasonal fruit rich in antioxidants, vitamin C and polyphenol compounds. Drying is one of the common methods to preserve and extend the shelf life of guava. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of drying techniques on the antioxidant activity of guava fruit. Guava was air dried in air dryer (45°C), freeze dryer and by osmatic drying techniques. Fresh guava extracts (FGE), freeze dried guava extracts (FDGE), oven dried guava extracts (ODGE) and osmotic-dehydrated guava extracts (OSGE) guava extracts were prepared and analyzed for total polyphenols (TP), flavonoids, antioxidant potential by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity (NORS). Inhibitory potential of guava extracts on enzymes α-glucosidase, α-amylase and lipase was also determined. TP in FG, FD, OD, and OS were 415.69 ± 56.95, 295.30 ± 4.11, 303.57 ± 1.41, and 182.93 ± 6.48 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100g, respectively. Flavonoids in Fresh, FD, OD, and OS were 202.01 ± 0.16, 96.93 ± 1.73, 105.07 ± 0.58, and 76.13 ± 2.74 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/100 g, respectively. FD extracts were the most effective in scavenging DPPH radical. Whereas FRAP, TEAC and TAC activities were found to be higher in FG followed by OD and FD. However, NORS activity of FD was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower compared to other treatments. Inhibition of α-glycosidase, α-amylase and lipase enzymes was (19% - 90%) observed at 0.4, 0.8, and 0.8 mg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, considering this in-vitro study, drying could be effectively utilized to preserve guava fruit with minimum effect on health benefits.

关键词： Guava Antioxidant Drying Methods Enzymes

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Applications of post-translational modifications of FoxO family proteins in biological functions

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2011年第5期3卷 276-282页

作者： Ying Zhao Yachen Wang Wei-Guo Zhu Key laboratory of carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China School of Oncology Peking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

The functions of the FoxO family proteins,in particular their transcriptional activities,are modulated by post-translational modifi-cations(PTMs),including phosphorylation,acetylation,ubiquitination,methylation and *** PTMs occur in response to different cellular stresses,which in turn regulate the subcellular localization of FoxO family proteins,as well as their half-life,DNA binding,transcriptional activity and ability to interact with other cellular *** this review,we summarize the role of PTMs of FoxO family proteins in linking their biological and functional relevance with various diseases.

关键词： FoxO post-translational modification cancer

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MAWBP and MAWD inhibit proliferation and invasion in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第18期19卷 2781-2792页

作者： Dong-Mei Li Jun Zhang Wen-Mei Li Jian-Tao Cui Yuan-Ming Pan Si-Qi Liu Rui Xing You-Yong Lu laboratory of Molecular Oncology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital/Institute Department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Medicine Shihezi University Beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences

AIM: To investigate role of putative mitogen-activated protein kinase activator with WD40 repeats (MAWD)/ MAWD binding protein (MAWBP) in gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: MAWBP and MAWD mRNA expression level was examined by real-time reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction and semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction in six GC cell lines. Western blotting was used to examine the protein expression levels. We developed GC cells that stably overexpressed MAWBP and MAWD, and downregulated expression by RNA interference assay. Proliferation and migration of these GC cells were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), soft agar, tumorigenicity, migration and transwell assays. The effect of expression of MAWBP and MAWD on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced epithelialmesenchymal transition (EMT) was examined by transfection of MAWBP and MAWD into GC cells. We detected the levels of EMT markers E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Snail in GC cells overexpressing MAWBP and MAWD by Western blotting. The effect of MAWBP and MAWD on TGF-β signal was detected by analysis of phosphorylation level and nuclear translocation of Smad3 using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Among the GC cell lines, expression of endogenous MAWBP and MAWD was lowest in SGC7901 cells and highest in BGC823 cells. MAWBP and MAWD were stably overexpressed in SGC7901 cells and knocked down in BGC823 cells. MAWBP and MAWD inhibited GC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo . MTT assay showed that overexpression of MAWBP and MAWD suppressed growth of SGC7901 cells (P < 0.001), while knockdown of these genes promoted growth of BGC823 cells (P < 0.001). Soft agar colony formation experiments showed that overexpression of MAWBP and MAWD alone or together reduced colony formation compared with vector group in SGC7901 (86.25±8.43, 12.75±4.49, 30±6.41 vs 336.75±22.55, P < 0.001), and knocked-down MAWBP and MAWD demonstrated opposite effects (131.25±16.

关键词： Gastric cancer Mitogen-activated protein kinase activator with WD40 repeats binding protein Mitogen-activated protein kinase activator with WD40 repeats Invasion Transforming growth factor-β Epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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Modulatory Effects and Action Mechanisms of Tryptanthrin on Murine Myeloid Leukemia Cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2009年第5期6卷 335-342页

作者： Hoi-Ling Chan Hon-Yan Yip Nai-Ki Mak Kwok-Nam Leung Department of biochemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin HKSAR China Department of Food and nutritional SciencesProgramme The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin HKSAR China Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon TongHKSAR China Department of biochemistry and Food and nutritional Sciences Programme The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin HKSAR China

Leukemia is the disorder of hematopoietic cell development and is characterized by an uncoupling of cell proliferation and differentiation. There is a pressing need for the development of novel tactics for leukemia therapy as conventional treatments often have severe adverse side effects. Tryptanthrin （6,12-dihydro-6,12-dioxoindolo- （2,1-b）-quinazoline） is a naturally-occurring, weakly basic alkaloid isolated from the dried roots of medicinal indigo plants （Ban-Lan-Gen）. It has been reported to have various biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects. However, its modulatory effects and action mechanisms on myeloid cells remain poorly understood. In this study, tryptanthrin was shown to suppress the proliferation of the murine myeloid leukemia WEHI-3B JCS cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It also significantly reduced the growth of WEHI-3B JCS cells in vivo in syngeneic BALB/c mice. However, it exhibited no significant direct cytotoxicity on normal murine peritoneal macrophages. Flow cytometric analysis showed an obvious cell cycle arrest of the tryptanthrin-treated WEHI-3B JCS cells at the G0/G1 phase. The expression of cyclin D2, D3, Cdk 2, 4 and 6 genes in WEHI-3B JCS cells was found to be down-regulated at 24 h as measured by RT-PCR. Morphological and functional studies revealed that tryptanthrin could induce differentiation in WEHI-3B JCS cells, as shown by the increases in vacuolation, cellular granularity and NBT-reducing activity in tryptanthrin-treated cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that tryptanthrin might exert its anti-tumor effect on the murine myelomonocytic leukemia WEHI-3B JCS cells by causing cell cycle arrest and by triggering cell differentiation.

关键词： Ban-Lan-Gen tryptanthrin myeloid leukemia cell differentiation

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Polyphenolic extract of Sorghum bicolor grains enhances reactive oxygen species detoxification in N-nitrosodiethylamine-treated rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2013年第1期2卷 39-45页

作者： Taofeek O.Ajiboye Yesirat O.Komolafe Oyelola B.Oloyede Simiat M.Ogunbode Moriam D.Adeoye Ibrahim O.Abdulsalami Quadri O.Nurudeen Antioxidants Free Radicals and Toxicology Research LaboratoryBiochemistry and Nutrition UnitDepartment of Chemical SciencesFountain UniversityOsogboNigeria nutritional biochemistry Research laboratory Biochemistry and Nutrition UnitDepartment of Chemical SciencesFountain UniversityOsogboNigeria Industrial and Environmental Chemistry Unit Department of Chemical SciencesFountain UniversityOsogboNigeria Phytomedicine Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research LaboratoryDepartment of BiochemistryUniversity of IlorinIlorinNigeria

Reactive oxygen species detoxification potentials of Sorghum bicolor polyphenolic extract was investigated in the liver of N-nitrosodiethylaminetreated *** rats,weighing(135±5.5)g were completely randomized into 7 groups(A–G)of five rats *** in C,D,E and F were administered orally once daily at 24-h interval for 7 d with 500,125,250 and 500 mg/kg body weight of polyphenolic extract of ***,*** G was given 100 mg/kg body weight of vitamin *** the sixth day,groups B,D,E,F and G were administered with 100 mg/kg body weight N-nitrosodiethylamine(NDEA).Group A,which served as the control was treated like the test groups except,that the animals received distilled water *** oxygen species detoxifying enzymes(superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase,glutathione reductase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase)activities were significantly(P<0.05)induced by *** inductions significantly(P<0.05)attenuated the NDEA-mediated decrease in reactive oxygen species detoxifying enzymes and compared favourably with vitamin ***-mediated elevation in the concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers;malondialdehyde,conjugated dienes,lipid hydroperoxides,protein carbonyl and percentage DNA fragmentation were significantly(P<0.05)lowered by *** polyphenolic ***,the results obtained from this study revealed that the polyphenolic extract of *** grains enhanced the detoxification of reactive oxygen species in NDEA-treated *** polyphenols also prevented the peroxidation of lipid,oxidation of proteins as well as fragmentation of DNA component in the liver of rats and hence gave the evidence of possible prophylactic potentials of *** grains.©2013 Beijing Academy of Food *** and hosting by Elsevier *** rights reserved.

关键词： Antioxidant Sorghum bicolor Reactive oxygen species N-nitrosodiethylamine Detoxification Polyphenols

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Chromodomain protein CDYL is required for transmission/restoration of repressive histone marks

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2017年第3期9卷 178-194页

作者： Yongqing Liu Shumeng Liu Shuai Yuan Huajing Yu Yu Zhang Xiaohan Yang Guojia Xie Zhe Chen Wanjin Li Bosen Xu Luyang Sun Yongfeng Shang Jing Liang Key laboratory of carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 China Department of biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Capital Medical University Beijing 100069 China Tianjin Key laboratory of Medical Epigenetics Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Tianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 China

Faithful transmission or restoration of epigenetic information such as repressive histone modifications through generations is crit- ical for the maintenance of cell identity. We report here that chromodomain Y-like protein （CDYL）, a chromodomain-containing transcription corepressor, is physically associated with chromatin assembly factor 1 （CAF-1） and the repiicative heUcase MCM complex. We showed that CDYL bridges CAF-1 and MCM, facilitating histone transfer and deposition during DNA replication. We demonstrated that CDYI. recruits histone-modifying enzymes G9a, SETDB1, and EZH2 to replication forks, leading to the addition of H3Kgme2/3 and H3K27me2/3 on newly deposited histone H3. Significantly, depletion of CDYL impedes early S phase progres- sion and sensitizes cells to DNA damage. Our data indicate that CDYL plays an important role in the transmission/restoration of repressive histone marks, thereby preserving the epigenetic landscape for the maintenance of cell identity.

关键词： epigenetic inheritance histone modification CDYL CAF-1 MCM

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Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity of Soybean Isoflavones to Immature SD Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2008年第3期21卷 197-204页

作者： LEI GUAN Yu HUANG ZHEN-YU CHEN Food and nutritional Sciences Programme Department of Biochemistry Department of Physiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N. T. Hong Kong China

Objective To investigate the dose-dependent toxic effect of soybean isoflavone extracts （SIE） on reproductive development in immature rats. Methods Growing male and female rats （n=50 each, 4 weeks） were divided into five groups fed with a standard cereal-based diet and gastrogavaged daily with 0, 30, 150, 300, and 600 mg SIE / kg body weight, respectively, for 12 weeks. Body weight, organ weights, and serum level of estrogen and testosterone were measured. Results Oral administration of SIE had no effect on food intake but decreased food efficiency ratio （P〈0.01）. Suppression on body weight gain by SIE was dose-dependent and the effect was greater on male than on female rats （P〈0.01）. SIE at high doses exhibited hepatotoxicity by increasing a relative liver weight, and also caused a smaller uterus but a greater relative ovary in female rats, while leading to larger relative testis and epididymis in male rats. SIE could decrease progesterone concentrations in female rats, whereas in male rats it reduced not only total testosterone level but also sperm count compared with the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion SIE at a range of 50-1000 times of human intake level affects not only growth but also development of reproductive system in growing rats.

关键词： Isoflavones Rat Reproduction Soybean Toxicity

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