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Essential oils improve nursery pigs' performance and appetite via modulation of intestinal health and microbiota

Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 174-188页

作者： Bi-Chen Zhao Tian-Hao Wang Jian Chen Bai-Hao Qiu Ya-Ru Xu Jin-Long Li College of Veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural University Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine Northeast Agricultural University Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment Northeast Agricultural University

Optimal intestinal health and functionality are essential for animal health and performance,and simultaneously intestinal nutrient transporters and intestinal peptides are also involved in appetite and feed intake control mechanisms.Given the potential of essential oil (EO) in improving animal performance and improving feed palatability,we hypothesized that dietary supplementation of cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol could improve performance and appetite of nursery pigs by modulating intestinal health and microbiota.Cinnamaldehyde (100 mg/kg),carvacrol (100 mg/kg),and their mixtures(including 50 mg/kg cinnamaldehyde and 50 mg/kg carvacrol) were supplemented into the diets of 240 nursery pigs for 42 d,and data related to performance were measured.Thereafter,the influence of EO on intestinal health,appetite and gut microbiota and their correlations were explored.EO supplementation increased (P<0.05) the body weight,average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of piglets,and reduced (P<0.05) diarrhea rates in nursery pigs.Furthermore,EO increased (P<0.05) the intestinal absorption area and the abundance of tight junction proteins,and decreased (P<0.05) intestinal permeability and local inflammation.In terms of intestinal development and the mucus barrier,EO promoted intestinal development and increased (P<0.05) the number of goblet cells.Additionally,we found that piglets in the EO-supplemented group had upregulated (P<0.05) levels of transporters and digestive enzymes in the intestine,which were significantly associated with daily gain and feed utilization.In addition,EO supplementation somewhat improved appetite in nursery pigs,increased the diversity of the gut microbiome and the abundance of beneficial bacteria,and there was a correlation between altered bacterial structure and appetite-related hormones.These findings indicate that EO is effective in promoting growth performance and nutrient absorption as well as in regulating appetite by improving intestinal health and bacterial structure.

关键词： Nursery pig Essential oil Intestinal health Appetite Microbiota

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Remediation of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)contaminated black soil by freeze-thaw aging biochar

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 681-692页

作者： Lei Wang Zeyu Dou Chaoran Ma Xiaochen Jia Hongye Wang Wenjing Bao Lei Wang Jianhua Qu Ying Zhang School of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP),a complex structure with high toxicity,is a common organic pollutant.This study investigated the effects of fresh biochar(FBC),and freeze-thaw cycled aged biochar(FTC-BC)on DEHP-contaminated soils using a pot experiment.The specific surface area of FBC increased from 145.20 to 303.50 m~2/g,and oxygen-containing functional groups increased from 1.26 to 1.48 mol/g after freeze-thaw cycles,greatly enhancing the adsorption of DEHP by biochar in the soil.The comprehensive radar chart evaluation showed that FBC and FTC-BC reduced DEHP growth stress and improved the soil properties.Compared with FBC,FTC-BC performed better in protecting the normal growth of pakchoi and improving soil properties.In addition,the application of biochar increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the DEHP-contaminated soil and changed the composition of the soil bacterial community.The partial least squares path model(PLS-PM)showed that adding biochar as a soil remediation agent significantly positively impacted soil nutrients and indirectly reduced the DEHP levels in soil and plants by increasing soil microbial diversity.Compared with FBC,FTC-BC creates a more satisfactory living environment for microorganisms and has a better effect on the degradation of DEHP in the soil.This study provides a theoretical basis for future biochar remediation of DEHP-contaminated soils in cold high-latitude regions.

关键词： DEHP Freeze-thaw cycles Biochar Soil restoration

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Prenatal cadmium exposure impairs neural tube closure via inducing excessive apoptosis in neuroepithelium

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 572-584页

作者： Shiyong Zhu Xuenan Li Xueyan Dai Jinlong Li College of Veterinary Medicine Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Birth defects have become a public health concern.The hazardous environmental factors exposure to embryos could increase the risk of birth defects.Cadmium,a toxic environmental factor,can cross the placental barrier during pregnancy.Pregnant woman may be subjected to cadmium before taking precautionary protective actions.However,the link between birth defects and cadmium remains obscure.Cadmium exposure can induce excessive apoptosis in neuroepithelium during embryonic development progresses.Cadmium exposure activated the p53 via enhancing the adenosine 5‘-monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)and reactive oxygen species'(ROS)level.And cadmium decreases the level of Paired box 3(Pax3)and murine double minute 2(Mdm2),disrupting the process of p53 ubiquitylation.And p53 accumulation induced excessive apoptosis in neuroepithelium during embryonic development progresses.Excessive apoptosis led to the failure of neural tube closure.The study emphasizes that environmental materials may increase the health risk for embryos.Cadmium caused the failure of neural tube closure during early embryotic day.Pregnant women may be exposed by cadmium before taking precautionary protective actions,because of cadmium concentration-containing foods and environmental tobacco smoking.This suggests that prenatal cadmium exposure is a threatening risk factor for birth defects.

关键词： Cadmium Neural tube closure Excessive apoptosis p53 Embryogenesis

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Mechanism of action, benefits, and research gap in fermented soybean meal utilization as a high-quality protein source for livestock and poultry

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 130-146页

作者： Modinat T.Lambo Haokai Ma Haosheng Zhang Peng Song Hongxiang Mao Guowen Cui Baisheng Dai Yang Li Yonggen Zhang College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural University Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research and Development Center Co. Ltd College of Electrical Engineering and Information Northeast Agricultural University

Animal nutritionists have incessantly worked towards providing livestock with high-quality plant protein feed resources.Soybean meal (SBM) has been an essential and predominantly adopted vegetable protein source in livestock feeding for a long time;however,several SBM antinutrients could potentially impair the animal's performance and growth,limiting its use.Several processing methods have been employed to remove SBM antinutrients,including fermentation with fungal or bacterial microorganisms.According to the literature,fermentation,a traditional food processing method,could improve SBM's nutritional and functional properties,making it more suitable and beneficial to livestock.The current interest in health-promoting functional feed,which can enhance the growth of animals,improve their immune system,and promote physiological benefits more than conventional feed,coupled with the ban on the use of antimicrobial growth promoters,has caused a renewed interest in the use of fermented SBM (FSBM) in livestock diets.This review details the mechanism of SBM fermentation and its impacts on animal health and discusses the recent trend in the application and emerging advantages to livestock while shedding light on the research gap that needs to be critically addressed in future studies.FSBM appears to be a multifunctional high-quality plant protein source for animals.Besides removing soybean antinutrients,beneficial bioactive peptides and digestive enzymes are produced during fermentation,providing probiotics,antioxidants,and immunomodulatory effects.Critical aspects regarding FSBM feeding to animals remain uncharted,such as the duration of fermentation,the influence of feeding on digestive tissue development,choice of microbial strain,and possible environmental impact.

关键词： Soybean meal Protein feed Fermentation Microorganism Livestock

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Fake News Detection Based on Text-Modal Dominance and Fusing Multiple Multi-Model Clues

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4399-4416页

作者： Li fang Fu Huanxin Peng Changjin Ma Yuhan Liu College of Arts and Sciences Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China

In recent years,how to efficiently and accurately identify multi-model fake news has become more challenging.First,multi-model data provides more evidence but not all are equally important.Secondly,social structure information has proven to be effective in fake news detection and how to combine it while reducing the noise information is critical.Unfortunately,existing approaches fail to handle these problems.This paper proposes a multi-model fake news detection framework based on Tex-modal Dominance and fusing Multiple Multi-model Cues(TD-MMC),which utilizes three valuable multi-model clues:text-model importance,text-image complementary,and text-image inconsistency.TD-MMC is dominated by textural content and assisted by image information while using social network information to enhance text representation.To reduce the irrelevant social structure’s information interference,we use a unidirectional cross-modal attention mechanism to selectively learn the social structure’s features.A cross-modal attention mechanism is adopted to obtain text-image cross-modal features while retaining textual features to reduce the loss of important information.In addition,TD-MMC employs a new multi-model loss to improve the model’s generalization ability.Extensive experiments have been conducted on two public real-world English and Chinese datasets,and the results show that our proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on classification evaluation metrics.

关键词： Fake news detection cross-modal attention mechanism multi-modal fusion social network transfer learning

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Study on force chain evolution of rice straw with different length during vibrational compression

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 310-322页

作者： Han Tang Wenlong Xu Guixuan Zhu Changsu Xu Jinwu Wang College of Engineering Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin150030China

This paper explores the mechanism of force chain evolution and voidage change under vibrational and non-vibrational compression conditions of rice straw of different lengths.Simulations were used to explore the force chain evolution and voidage variation mechanism under different conditions.The re-sults show that under non-vibrational compression,the strong force chain passes from top to bottom in vertical direction and from center to periphery in tangential direction.Under vibrational compression,the force chain passes from top and bottom to center in vertical direction and the force chain evolves from outer ring to interior and exterior in tangential direction.The number of strong chains,voidage and standard deviation of the mean pressure under vibratory compression are lower than the values under non-vibratory compression.Vibration promotes stress transfer and enhancement,velocity enhancement and density enhancement.This study analyzes the mechanical properties of different lengths straw during vibrational and non-vibrational compression from a detailed viewpoint.

关键词： Straw compression Voidage Discrete element method Mechanical properties Force chain transmission

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DIA-based proteome profiling with PRM verification reveals the involvement of ER-associated protein processing in pollen abortion in Ogura CMS cabbage

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 755-770页

作者： Peiwen Wang Lin Zhu Ziheng Li Mozhen Cheng Xiuling Chen Aoxue Wang Chao Wang Xiaoxuan Zhang Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(northeast Region) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150030China College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150030China

Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility(Ogura CMS)is extensively applied in hybrid seed production in cruciferous crops.However,the posttranscriptional molecular basis of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops remains elusive.Here,a data-independent acquisition-based proteomic approach coupled with a parallel reaction monitoring-based targeted proteomic assay was used to analyze the proteome dynamics of Ogura CMS cabbage line RM and its maintainer line RF during floral bud development to obtain insights into the mechanism underlying Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops.A total of 9162 proteins corresponding to 61464 peptides were identified in RM and RF floral buds.The proteomic fluctuation of RM was weaker than that of RF.Differences in protein expression between RM and RF gradually enlarged with floral bud development.Fifteen continually up-regulated and eight continually down-regulated proteins were found in RM relative to RF throughout floral bud development.Differentially expressed proteins between RM and RF during floral bud development were implicated in the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)-associated protein processing pathway,in which most of them exhibited down-regulated expression in RM.These data suggest that ER-associated protein processing may be involved in pollen abortion in Ogura CMS cabbage by inhibiting the expression of critical factors.Our findings not only deepen the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of Ogura CMS in cruciferous crops but also provide better guidance for applying Ogura CMS in the hybrid breeding of cruciferous crops.

关键词： Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility(Ogura CMS) Cabbage Data-independent acquisition(DIA) Parallel reaction monitoring(PRM) Pollen development

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Prediction of specific spoilage organisms in smoked chicken legs with modified atmosphere packaging at 4 ℃ using multivariate statistical analysis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Qiang Wang Yubo Zhao Yumeng Sui Qian Chen Zhiming Dong Qian Liu Baohua Kong Ligang Qin College of Animal Science and Technology northeast agricultural university College of Food Science northeast agricultural university

The present study monitored bacterial succession， physicochemical properties， and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) changes in smoked chicken legs with modified atmosphere packaging (MAP， 60% CO2and 40% N2) during a 25-day storage period at 4 ℃. After 15 days of storage， Serratia proteamaculans and Pseudomonas fragi became the predominant bacteria. Furthermore， physicochemical properties changed significantly， as evidenced by an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and b* (yellowness) value， and a decrease in hardness. A total of 65 VOCs were identified during storage. Correlation between bacterial succession and quality indicators (including VOCs and physicochemical properties) allowed the identification of 26 core dominant bacteria， including S. proteamaculans， Psychrobacter alimentarius， Pseudomonas putide， and Pseudomonas poae， which were positively related to spoilage VOCs (e.g.， 1-octen-3-ol， 1-pentanol， and 3-methyl-1-butanol) and could be defined as specific spoilage organisms (SSOs). The results of this study provide a systematic approach to predict SSOs in smoked chicken legs during storage， which can also provide a basis for product safety.

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Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 signals through both FGF receptor-1 and 2

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第8期53卷 1000-1008页

作者： REN GuiPing, YIN JieChao, WANG WenFei, LI Lu & LI DeShan College of Life Science, northeast agricultural university, Harbin 150030, China College of Life Science Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 is a member of the FGF superfamily based on sequence homology. However, unlike most members of this family it does not show any mitogenic activity in all cell types tested. The objective of this study is to identify and characterize receptors for this molecule. Sequencing of the cDNA clones from 3T3-L1 adipocytes indicates that the only isoforms for FGFR-1 and 2 expressed in 3T3-L1 cells are 1IIIc and 2IIIc, respectively, suggesting that FGF-21 regulates glucose metabolism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through FGFR-1IIIc and FGFR-2IIIc.

关键词： FGF-21 FGF receptor-1 FGF receptor-2 glucose metabolism Glut1

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Epistatic effect between ACACA and FABP2 gene on abdominal fat traits in broilers

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2010年第8期37卷 505-512页

作者： Guo Hu 1, Shouzhi Wang 1, Jianwei Tian, Lili Chu, Hui Li College of Animal Science and Technology, northeast agricultural university, Harbin 150030, China College of Animal Science and Technology Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China

Epistasis is generally defined as the interaction between two or more genes or their mRNA or protein products to influence a single trait. Experimental evidence suggested that epistasis could be important in the determination of the genetic architecture of complex traits in domestic animals. Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha （ACACA） and fatty acid binding protein 2 （FABP2） are both key factors of lipogenesis and transport. They may play a crucial role in the weight variability of abdominal adipose tissue in the growing chicken. In this study, the polymorphisms of c.2292G〉A in A CA CA and c.-561A〉C in FABP2 were detected among individuals from two broiler lines which were divergently selected for abdominal fat content. Epistasis between the two SNPs on abdominal fat weight （AFW） and ab- dominal fat percentage （AFP） was analyzed. The additive x additive epistatic components between these two SNPs were found significant or suggestively significant on both AFW and AFP in lean lines of the 9th and 10th generation; whereas, it was not significantly associated with either AFW or AFP in fat lines. At the same time, there were not any other significant epistatic components found in both generations or in both lines. Significant epistatic effects between these two SNPs found only in the lean lines could partly be due to the fact that the abdominal fat traits in these two experimental lines have been greatly modified by strong artificial selection. The results suggested that the epistasis mode may be different between the lean and fat chicken lines. Our results could be helpful in further understanding the genetic interaction between candidate genes contributing to phenotypic variation of abdominal fat content in broilers.

关键词： chicken fatness epistasis ACACA FABP2 QTL

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