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Movement analysis in the diagnosis and management of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 485-486页

作者： Johannes Burtscher Nicolas Bourdillon Jules MJanssen Daalen Aurélien Patoz Julien FBally Martin Kopp Davide Malatesta Bastiaan RBloem Institute of Sport Sciences University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Radboud University Medical Center Department of NeurologyDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviorCenter of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement DisordersNijmegenThe Netherlands Radboud University Medical Center Department of Medical BioSciencesNijmegenThe Netherlands Research and Development Department Volodalen Swiss Sport LabAigleSwitzerland Service of Neurology Department of Clinical NeurosciencesLausanne University Hospital(CHUV)and University of Lausanne(UNIL)LausanneSwitzerland Department of Sport Science University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria

Challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease:Parkinson’s disease(PD)is an increasingly prevalent neurodegenerative disease,at first sight primarily characterized by motor symptoms,although non-motor symptoms also constitute a major part of the overall ***,this disease cannot be diagnosed reliably until a large part of the vulnerable dopaminergic neurons has been irretrievably lost,and the disease progresses *** biological criteria for PD have been proposed recently and might eventually improve early diagnosis,but they require further validation,and their use will initially be restricted to a research environment(Darweesh et al.,2024).

关键词： diagnosis Clinical eventually

Could androgens maintain specific domains of mental health in aging men by preserving hippocampal neurogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第28期7卷 2227-2239页

作者： Mark I Ransome Florey neurosciences Institute Melbourne Brain Centre the University of Melbourne

Interest surrounds the role of sex-hormones in regulating brain function outside of reproductive behaviour. Declining androgen production in aging males has been associated with cognitive impairment, depression and increased risk of developing Alzheimer＇s disease. Indication for testosterone replacement therapy is based on biochemically determined low circulating testosterone combined with manifest symptoms. However, which aspects of age-related cognitive decline are attributable to low circulating testosterone remain ambiguous. Studies examining cognition in aging men receiving testosterone replacement therapy have yielded equivocal results. The exact role of testosterone in maintaining cognitive function and the underlying neural mechanisms are largely unknown, though it would appear to be domain specific. Cladty in this area will provide clinical direction toward addressing an increasing healthcare burden of mental health decline coincident with increasing longevity. The premise that androgens contribute to maintaining aspects of mental health in aging men by preserving hippocampal neurogenesis will be used as a forum in this review to discuss current knowledge and the need for further studies to better define testosterone replacement strategies for aging male health.

关键词： androgen hippocampus neurogenesis aging cognition male testosterone

A pilot exploration with Posiphen to normalize amyloid precursor protein in Down syndrome

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2420-2421页

作者： Xu-Qiao Chen Department of neurosciences University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Down syndrome(DS)pathology:DS is the most common cause of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and has a known AD-causing genetic variation which is trisomy of the whole or part of Homo sapiens chromosome 21(HSA21)(Chen and Mobley,2019a).Compared with AD,DS usually present with various symptoms and manifestations which are related to dysfunction of multiple body systems;the extra copies of the many genes present in HSA21 in DS can cause various developmental problems including neurodevelopmental deficits,which underlie the physical features in DS and may also contribute to the ADrelated neurological symptoms of DS like cognition decline(Antonarakis et al.,2020).

关键词： al. amyloid pathology

Electroencephalographic Study of Gamma Rhythm in the Autobiographical Memory Evocation Mediated by Musical Stimuli

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2019年第3期9卷 199-207页

作者： Maria Clara Motta Barbosa Valente Matheus Simoes Oliveira Karlos Eduardo Alves Silva Berkmis Viana Santos Janise Dal Pai Reginaldo Melo Filho Fany Pereira de Araujo Soares Julia Maria Pacheco Lins Kristiana Cerqueira Mousinho Milton Vieira Costa Euclides Mauricio Trindade-Filho neurosciences and cognition laboratory Universidade Estadual de Ciencias da Saúde de Alagoas(UNCISAL)MaceioALBrazil Centro Universitario CESMAC MaceioALBrazil Neurology and Neurosurgery Department Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo(UNIFESP)Sao PauloSPBrazil

Listening to music, or part of it, may stir the memory of a past moment, along with its associated emotions, such occurrences are known as autobiographical memories. Electroencephalographic (EEG) studies have shown alterations in memory recall and musical processing. However, no research was found showing a relation among music, autobiographical memories and associated emotions. The purpose of this study was to identify cortical areas involved in the evocation of autobiographical memory (associated with positive and negative events) mediated by musical stimuli. For that, gamma rhythm was analyzed through EEG recordings performed by 45 male volunteers while they were submitted to two stimuli: 1) the music capable of recalling memories associated to a positive event;2) the music capable of evoking memories associated to a negative event. Gamma band analysis was used in search of greater brain electrical activity. As results, researchers observed increased activity in right brain hemisphere during the musical processing, besides its hypoactivation when volunteers were submitted to musical stimuli related to memories of negative events.

关键词： Electroencephalogram Music Emotions Gamma Rhythm

Effects of <i>Syzygium cumini</i>Seed Extract on the Memory Loss of Alzheimer’s Disease Model Rats

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2017年第3期6卷 53-73页

作者： Shahdat Hossain Jahirul Islam Sujan Bhowmick Mozammel Haque Asiqur Rahaman laboratory of Alternative Medicine & Behavioral neurosciences Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Jahangirnagar University Savar Dhaka Bangladesh

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prominent dementia-related disease and characterized by the presence of insoluble amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) fibers in or around the brain neurons of the affected person. Therefore, agent(s) capable of inhibiting brain amyloid deposition might delay the occurrence or retard the progress forwards of AD and related neurobehavioral symptoms. Here, we report whether, chronic oral administration of Syzygium cumini (locally known as Jam)-seed extract exerts protection against the progressive cognitive decline in the Aβ1-40-infused AD model rats. After 12 weeks of feeding with S. cumini seed extract (at 300 mg/kg BW), we evaluated the learning-related memory of the rats by 8-arm radial maze task, where we determined two types of memory errors, namely reference memory errors (RMEs) and working memory errors (WMEs). After completion of memory tests, rats were sacrificed and the levels of lipid peroxide (LPO), the Aβ1-40-burden, Aβ1-40-oligomers, proinflammatory TNFα, brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), Tyrosine-kinase B (TrkB), postsynaptic-density protein 95 (PSD-95) and Synapse-associated protein (SNAP-25) were determined in the corticohippocampal tissues of the brain. In addition, in vitro antioxidative effects of S. cumini seed extract were evaluated. The oral administration of S. cumini extract significantly increased the memory-related learning ability of the AD model rats, concomitantly with reductions in the levels of corticohippocampal Aβ1-40-burden and Aβ1-40-oligomers. Furthermore, the extract suppressed the levels of TNFα and LPO in the corticohippocampal tissues of the AD rats and also the later in the plasma, suggesting an anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of the S. cumini extract in the brains of AD model rats. S. cumini extract also increased the levels of brain cognition and memory-related proteins, including BDNF, TrKB, PSD-95 and SNAP-25. We thus suggest that S. cumini-seed extract could be used in ne

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease S. cumini Memory Amyloid Peptide Lipid Peroxide BDNF TrKB PSD-95 and SNAP-25

(Phospho)creatine:the reserve and merry-go-round of brain energetics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 327-328页

作者： Hong-Ru Chen Ton DeGrauw Chia-Yi Kuan Department of neurosciences University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVAUSA Department of Pediatrics Division of NeurologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA

Creatine transporter(CrT)-deficiency,the most common form of the cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes,causes cognition impairments and severe reduction of the brain creatine(Cr)and phosphocreatine(PCr)levels,and responds poorly to oral Cr supplement as a treatment *** ca uses of cognitive impairments in CrT-deficient children remain *** recently use gene-targeting to create a mouse model of CrT-deficiency to assess the impacts of Cr/PCr deficiency on brain energetics and stress-adaptation responses(Chen et al.,2021).

关键词： impairment cerebral creatine

A time for cocktails and inclusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第6期13卷 987-988页

作者： Shenandoah Robinson Frances J.Northington Lauren L.Jantzie Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Division of Neonatology Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Departments of Pediatrics and neurosciences University of New Mexico School of Medicine

Perinatal brain injury（PBI）is one of the most important causes of lifelong deficits in cognition,behavior,social interaction and motor skills,as well as *** encompasses,but is not limited to,hypoxic-ischemic encepha... 详细信息

关键词： PBI www HIE EPO A time for cocktails and inclusion

Neuroimaging studies of cognitive remediation in schizophrenia:A systematic and critical review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 34-43页

作者： Rafael Penadés Alexandre González-Rodríguez Rosa Catalán Bàrbara Segura Miquel Bernardo Carme Junqué Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Clinical Institute of NeurosciencesHospital Clínic Neuropsychology Lab University of Barcelona Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer

AIM To examine the effects of cognitive remediation therapies on brain functioning through neuroimaging procedures in patients with *** A systematic, computerised literature search was conducted in the PubM ed/Medline and PsychI nfo databases. The search was performed through February 2016 without any restrictions on language or publication date. The search was performed using the following search terms: [("cogniti*" and "remediation" or "training" or "enhancement") and("fMRI" or "MRI" or "PET" or "SPECT") and(schizophrenia or schiz*)]. The search was accompanied by a manual online search and a review of the references from each of the papers selected, and those papers fulfilling our inclusion criteria were also *** A total of 101 studies were found, but only 18 of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These studies indicated that cognitive remediation improves brain activation in neuroimaging studies. The most commonly reported changes were those that involved the prefrontal and thalamic regions. Those findings are in agreement with the hypofrontality hypothesis, which proposes that frontal hypoactivation is the underlying mechanism of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. Nonetheless,great heterogeneity among the studies was found. They presented different hypotheses, different results and different findings. The results of more recent studies interpreted cognitive recovery within broader frameworks, namely, as amelioration of the efficiency of different networks. Furthermore, advances in neuroimaging methodologies, such as the use of wholebrain analysis, tractography, graph analysis, and other sophisticated methodologies of data processing, might be conditioning the interpretation of results and generating new theoretical frameworks. Additionally, structural changes were described in both the grey and white matter, suggesting a neuroprotective effect of cognitive remediation. Cognitive, functional and structural improvements tend

关键词： Cognitive remediation Cognitive training Neuroimaging cognition Prefrontal cortex Thalamus Plasticity Schizophrenia

Neonatal opioid exposure:public health crisis and novel neuroinflammatory disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 430-432页

作者： Vikram Vasan Yuma Kitase Jessie C.Newville Shenandoah Robinson Gwendolyn Gerner V.Joanna Burton Lauren L.Jantzie Department of Pediatrics Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDDepartment of NeurologyKennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreMDDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMDepartment of NeurosciencesUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMUSA

Substance use,specifically the use of prescription and non-prescription opioids among pregnant women,is a major public health issue and chief contributor to the opioid *** prevalence of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome has risen 5-fold in the past decade,and is a well-recognized consequence of perinatal opioid *** contrast,the long-term damage to the developing brain from opioid medications is just beginning to be recognized as a serious *** data suggest that opioid exposure commencing in utero negatively affects the maturation of the neural-immune system,and trajectory of central nervous system *** induces peripheral immune hyper-reactivity,lasting structural and microstructural brain injury,and significant deficits in executive function and cognitive control in adult animals following in utero ***,to address the cascading public health crisis stemming from the multitude of infants with in utero opioid exposure who will grow up with altered neurodevelopmental trajectories,rigorous preclinical,mechanistic studies are *** studies will define the long-term sequelae of prenatal opioid exposure in an effort to develop appropriate and targeted ***,the development of novel fluid,neuroimaging and biobehavioral biomarkers will be the most useful to aid in early identification and treatment of opioid exposed infants with the greatest risk of poor clinical *** studies will be essential to understand how in utero insults determine brain structure and function in adulthood,and what targeted interventions will be required to improve longterm outcomes in the countless children being born exposed to opioids each year.

关键词： biomarker buprenorphine cognition executive function magnetic resonance imaging methadone neonate