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Shifts in foraging behavior of wintering Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha) in three different habitats at Shengjin Lake, China

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Chinese Birds 2016年第3期7卷 167-173页

作者： Wenjing Wan Lizhi Zhou Yunwei Song School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Institute of biodiversity and Wetland Ecology Anhui University Anhui biodiversity Information center Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve of Anhui Province

Background: Wetland loss and degradation result in a reduction in the availability and quality of food for wintering waterbirds. Birds normally modify their foraging behavior to adapt to variations in food availability. In this study, we compared shifts in foraging behavior of Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha) in three different habitats at Shengjin Lake, China to understand the response of these cranes to changes in ***: We investigated the food density and foraging behavior of Hooded Cranes in Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve from November 2014 to April 2015. We used regression equations to describe the changes in food density. A total of 397 behavioral observations were used in the analyses of their foraging efforts. We fitted a candidate set of generalized mixed linear models to analyze the relationship of foraging efforts and food density. We used a method of information theory to guide the selection of the model and Akaike's Information Criterion to calculate the value of each model. The relationship between food density, disturbances and foraging behavior was illustrated using a generalized linear ***: Along with the temporal variation and exploitation of food biomass, the food density varied widely among foraging sites. During the early winter period, foraging efforts were more pronounced in the paddy fields and meadows but not significantly different among the three habitats. The cranes spent more foraging effort in the paddy fields and meadows during the middle stage and in the meadows and mudflats during the late winter. The results of the generalized linear model showed that food density and disturbances had different effects on the rate of foraging success during the winter, while the effect of foraging effort was not significant. Furthermore, the rate of feeding success was markedly affected by disturbances in the paddy fields. The combined action of food density and disturbances had a significant effect on the rate of foraging suc

关键词： Food density Foraging behavior Habitat quality Hooded Crane

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The multi-kingdom microbiome catalog of the chicken gastrointestinal tract

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 101-115页

作者： Yanan Wang Mengqi Qu Yuhai Bi William J.Liu Sufang Ma Bo Wan Yongfei Hu Baoli Zhu Gaiping Zhang George F.Gao International Joint Research center of National Animal Immunology College of Veterinary MedicineHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China Longhu Laboratory Zhengzhou 450046China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Chicken is an important food animal worldwide and plays an important role in human life by providing meat and *** recent significant advances in gut microbiome studies,a comprehensive study of chicken gut bacterial,archaeal,and viral genomes remains *** this study,we constructed a chicken multi-kingdom microbiome catalog(CMKMC),including 18,201 bacterial,225 archaeal,and 33,411 viral genomes,and annotated over 6,076,006 protein-coding genes by integrating 135 chicken gut metagenomes and publicly available metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs)from ten *** found that 812 and 240 MAGs in our dataset were putative novel species and genera,respectively,far beyond what was previously *** newly unclassified MAGs were predominant in Phyla Firmicutes_A(n=263),followed by Firmicutes(n=126),Bacteroidota(n=121),and Proteobacteria(n=87).Most of the classified species-level viral oper-ational taxonomic units belong to ***,63.24%of chicken gut viromes are predicted to infect two or more hosts,including complete circular ***,we found that diverse auxiliary metabolic genes and antibiotic resistance genes were carried by ***,our CMKMC provides the largest integrated MAGs and viral genomes from the chicken gut to date,functional insights into the chicken gastrointestinal tract microbiota,and paves the way for microbial interventions for better chicken health and productivity.

关键词： Chicken Microbiome Metagenome assembled genomes Archaeome Virome Antibiotic resistance gene

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Asian Horseshoe Crab Bycatch in Intertidal Zones of the Northern Beibu Gulf:Suggestions for Conservation Management

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2022年第3期21卷 611-621页

作者： WANG Chun-Chieh CHEN Ruifang YANG Xin WEN Yulong KUANG Yang ZHANG Ce ZHU Junhua KWAN Kit Yue Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research CenterGuangxi Academy of SciencesNanning530007China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine biodiversity Conservation College of Marine SciencesBeibu Gulf UniversityQinzhou535011China

Bycatch poses a severe challenge to global fishery *** studies have focused on marine megafauna bycatch,research on relevant issues regarding invertebrates is limited,particularly for the threatened horseshoe *** this study,the distribution of fishing gears and the bycatch intensity of Asian horseshoe crabs in the intertidal zones of the northern Beibu Gulf that harbors the most abundant juvenile Asian horseshoe crabs populations in China were *** intertidal nursery habitats for Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda were surveyed from May to July in 2021.A transect that crossed the tidal creeks and tidal flats between the high tide embankment/vegetation and low tide line of a given habitat was surveyed during the ebb *** type,number,and GPS of fishing gears were recorded when sighted,and the number and prosomal width of each horseshoe crab species were *** intensities differed among habitats,ranging from 0.3 to 18.4 and 1.2 to 22.7 individuals per kilometer of transect for *** and ***,*** the three identified fishing gear types,ground cages and stick net sets caused a stronger bycatch pressure on these two *** *** bycatch and *** bycatch were large individuals in late juvenile and adult ***,the ground cages and stick net sets along/near the tidal creeks,mangrove fringe,and low tide line should be regulated and removed to ensure the functionality of the intertidal zone as the spawning corridor and nursery habitat of Asian horseshoe crabs.

关键词： Tachypleus tridentatus Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda ground cage stick net tidal creek mangrove low tide line spawning corridor

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The effects of food abundance and disturbance on foraging flock patterns of the wintering Hooded Crane(Grus monacha)

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Chinese Birds 2015年第3期6卷 178-185页

作者： Ling Yang Lizhi Zhou Yunwei Song School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Institute of biodiversity and Wetland Ecology Anhui University Anhui biodiversity Information center Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve of Anhui Province

Background:Food abundance and availability affect flock patterns of foraging *** and risk tradeoffs are especially critical for flocks of wintering waterbirds foraging in lake *** losing suitable habitats face insufficient food supplies and high levels of disturbance,affecting their foraging *** objective was to study the effects of food abundance and disturbances on flock size and the structure of Hooded Crane flocks wintering at Shengjin Lake and,as well,to understand the response of wintering waterbirds to habitat degradation for future management decisions and protection of the ***:We investigated food abundance,disturbances and flock foraging activities of the wintering Hooded Crane in several foraging habitats of Shengjin Lake from November 2013 to April *** size and structure were observed by scan *** on food abundance and disturbances were collected by *** size and structure were compared among three wintering *** relationship between food resources,disturbances and flock size were illustrated using a generalized linear ***:In the early and middle wintering periods,the Hooded Crane used paddy fields as its major foraging habitat,where the number of foraging birds and flocks were the *** the late period,the cranes took to meadows as their major foraging *** variation among foraging flock was mainly embodied in the size of the flocks,while the age composition of these flocks did not change *** flocks were notably different from flock groups in size and age *** results of a generalized linear model showed that the food abundance had a marked effect on foraging flock size and age composition,while disturbances had a significant effect only on flock *** our analysis,it appeared that the combined effect of the two variables was significant on the size of the foraging flock,but had less impact on age ***

关键词： Flock pattern Food abundance Disturbance Hooded crane

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Effect of water level fluctuations on temporal-spatial patterns of foraging activities by the wintering Hooded Crane(Grus monacha)

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Chinese Birds 2015年第3期6卷 169-177页

作者： Dongmei Zhang Lizhi Zhou Yunwei Song School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Institute of biodiversity and Wetland Ecology Anhui University Anhui biodiversity Information center Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve of Anhui Province

Background:The Yangtze River floodplain provides important wintering habitats for Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha) in *** in the water level change foraging habitat and food availability,affecting their temporal-spatial patterns of foraging *** is of considerable importance to investigate the effect of these fluctuations on food availability for wintering Hooded Cranes and their foraging response to these *** their behavior patterns is beneficial in protecting the wintering crane population and restoring their wintering ***:A field survey of the winter behavior of cranes was carried out at Shengjin Lake from November in 2013 to April in *** variables,as well as the spatial distribution and behavior patterns of wintering cranes at their foraging sites during five stages of water level fluctuation were *** on this data we analyzed the relationship of foraging behavior relative to water level fluctuations and habitat ***:The foraging habitats used by Hooded Cranes varied at the different water level *** the water level decreased,the use of meadows and mudflats *** the water dropped to its lowest level,the use by the Hooded Crane in the mudflats reached a *** were statistically significant differences in time budget in the three types of habitats over the five stages of the water *** the mudflats,the foraging behavior and maintenance behavior varied significantly with the water level,while the alert behavior showed little *** of a generalized linear model showed that the five water level stages and three habitat types had a significant effect on foraging behavior,while the combined effect of these two variables was significant on the foraging time budget and the length of foraging activity of the Hooded ***:With the decrease in the water level,the use of mudflats by Hooded Cranes increased *** availability in differ

关键词： Water level fluctuations Foraging activity Temporal-spatial pattern Hooded Crane Grus monacha

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Trophic niche changes associated with the eradication of invasive mammals in an insular lizard: an assessment using isotopes

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 211-219页

作者： Sara F.NUNES Mario MOTA-FERREIRA Marta SAMPAIO Joana ANDRADE Nuno OLIVEIRA Rui REBELO Ricardo ROCHA Faculty of Sciences Centre for EcologyEvolution and Environmental ChangesUniversity of LisbonLisbon1749-016Portugal CIBI0-lnBI0 Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic ResourcesUniversity of PortoVairao4485-661Portugal CIBI0-lnBI0 Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic ResourcesInstitute of AgronomyUniversity of LisbonLisbon1349-017Portugal Sociedade Portuguesa Para o Estudo das Aves Av.Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro873°AndarLisboa1070-062Portugal

Invasive species are a major threat to island biodiversity,and their eradications have substantially contributed to the conservation of island ***,the consequences of eradications on the trophic ecology of native taxa are largely ***,we used the eradication of invasive black rats Rattus rattus and European rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus from the Berlenga Island,in the western coast of Portugal,as a whole-ecosystem experiment to investigate the effects of the eradication of invasive mammals on the trophic niche and body dimensions of the island-restricted Berlenga wall lizard Podarcis carbonelli berlengensis over a 2-year *** results suggest an expansion of the isotopic niche and an intensification of the sexual dimorphism of the lizard following mammal ***,we found considerable variability in isotopic niche across the island and detected evidence of sex-specific and season-modulated nutritional requirements of this threatened *** findings support that the eradication of 2 of the planets most problematic invasive vertebrates led to changes in the lizard trophic niche and sexual dimorphism in just 2 *** suggests that the ecological pressuresfor example,prey availability and habitat structureto which lizards are exposed have substantially changed *** study emphasizes the scientific value of island eradications as experiments to address a wide range of ecological questions and adds to the increasing body of evidence supporting substantial conservation gains associated with these restoration interventions.

关键词： food-webs invasive species eradication Oryctolagus cuniculus Podarcis carbonelli berlengensis Rattus rattus

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Effects of variation in food resources on foraging habitat use by wintering Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha)

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Chinese Birds 2015年第3期6卷 186-195页

作者： Meng Zheng Lizhi Zhou Niannian Zhao Wenbin Xu School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui University Institute of biodiversity and Wetland Ecology Anhui University Anhui biodiversity Information center Shengjin Lake National Nature Reserve of Anhui Province

Background:The ideal habitat use of waterbirds can be considered to be fixed,but current habitat use depends on environmental conditions,especially those of food characteristics,considered crucial to their use of *** how waterbirds respond to variation in food availability at degraded wetland sites and change their habitat use patterns over spatial and temporal scales should direct future conservation *** objectives of this study were to identify these spatial-temporal foraging habitat use patterns of Hooded Cranes(Grus monacha)and their relationship with food characteristics in the severely degraded wetlands of the Shengjin and Caizi lakes along with the Yangtze River ***:We investigated the changes in food characteristics,relative abundance and density of Hooded Cranes in various habitat types across three winter periods from November 2012 to April *** examined the effect of these winter periods and habitat types on the pattern of use by the cranes and explored the relationship between these patterns and food characteristics using linear ***:The food characteristics and habitat use clearly changed over spatial-temporal *** the early and mid-winter periods,the most abundant,accessible and frequented food resources were found in paddy fields,while in the late period the more abundant food were available in meadows,which then replaced the paddy *** were fewer effects of winter periods,habitat types and their interactions on habitat use patterns except for the effect of habitat types on the relative abundance,determined as a function of food abundance,but independent of food depth and sediment ***:In response to the degradation and loss of lake wetlands,the cranes shifted their habitat use patterns by making tradeoffs between food abundance and accessibility over spatial-temporal scales that facilitated their survival in the mosaic of these lake wetlands.

关键词： Hooded Crane(Grus monacha) Habitat use Food characteristics Wintering ecology Foraging habitat

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Integrative studies on three new freshwater Amphileptus species(Ciliophora,Pleurostomatida)discovered in northern China

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2022年第4期4卷 452-470页

作者： Gongaote Zhang Yalan Sheng Yujie Liu Xiao Cao Saleh AAl-Farraj Peter Vdacny Hongbo Pan Engineering Research center of Environmental DNA and Ecological Water Health Assessment Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Institute of Evolution and Marine biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical biodiversity and Biomonitoring School of Life ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Weishan Fishery Development Service center Jining 277600China Zoology Department College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Zoology Comenius University in BratislavaBratislava 84215Slovakia

The morphology and molecular phylogeny of freshwater pleurostomatid ciliates are insufficiently *** the present study,we investigated three new Amphileptus species discovered in Lake Weishan and its vicinity,northern China,using standard alpha-taxonomic *** paracarchesi *** characterized by a lateral fossa(groove)in the posterior body portion,four macronuclear nodules,contractile vacuoles distributed along the dorsal margin,and 4-6 left and 44-50 right somatic *** pilosus *** from congeners by having 4-14 macronuclear nodules,numerous contractile vacuoles scattered throughout the cytoplasm,and 22-31 left and 35-42 right somatic *** orientalis *** characterized by two ellipsoidal macronuclear nodules,three ventral contractile vacuoles,and about four left and 31-35 right somatic *** analyses of nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA(SSU rDNA)sequences indicate that the family Amphileptidae might be monophyletic while the genus Amphileptus is paraphyletic,as Pseudoamphileptus macrostoma robustly groups with Amphileptus *** deep phylogenetic relationships of amphileptids are poorly resolved,multiple well-delimited species groups are recognizable within the genus Amphileptus.

关键词： Alpha-taxonomy Morphology-New species SSU rDNA

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Hematology of Wild Caught Hoplobatrachus rugulosus in Northern Thailand

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Asian Herpetological Research 2016年第2期7卷 131-138页

作者： Suthirote MEESAWAT Noppadon KITANA Jirarach KITANA Department of Biology Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University center of Excellence in biodiversity Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University

The rice field frog Hoplobatrachus rugulosus is an important anuran species found in wetlands throughout Thailand. At present, the hematological parameters of wild populations are unknown. Therefore, hematological and morphological characteristics of peripheral blood cells of wild-caught H. rugulosus were examined. Thirty-three adult frogs （17 male and 16 female frogs） were collected from a natural population in Nan Province, northem Thailand during the wet season of 2014. Blood samples were analyzed by packed cell volume （PCV） and blood cell counts from hemocytometer and Giemsa-stained blood smears. The mean PCV of male frogs （30.70% ±6.07%） was significantly higher than that of the female frogs （25.09%± 4.85%）. The mean number of lymphocytes and neutrophils also showed significant sex-related differences. Moreover, the morphometric analysis of blood cells revealed dimensions as follows： erythrocytes （17.96 ±1.44 μm length × 11.50 ± 1.09μm width）, immature erythrocytes （14.91 ± 2.20 μm diameter）, thrombocytes （13.93± 3.14 μm length × 7.05 ± 1.31 μm width）, lymphocytes （11.01 ±2.69μm diameter）, monocytes （12.04±2.40 μm diameter）, neutrophils （12.58 -±2.08μm diameter）, basophils （13.60 ± 2.17μm diameter） and eosinophils （12.33 ± 2.95 μm diameter）. Overall, the hematological parameters obtained in this study could be regarded as the first report and a crucial baseline data of wild H. rugulosus in Thailand that can be used for monitoring the health status of this anuran.

关键词： Rice field frog erythrocyte leukocyte packed cell volume morphometry Nan Province

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Economic Development through Medicinal and Aromatic Plants(MAPs) Cultivation in Hindu Kush Himalaya Mountains of District Swat, Pakistan

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第5期12卷 1292-1301页

作者： Hassan SHER Mary E. BARKWORTH center for Plant Sciences and biodiversity University of Swat Intermountain Herbarium Department of Biology Utah State University

Poverty is pervasive in the Swat Valley in northwestern Pakistan, and most people survive by farming small landholdings. However, many supplement their meager subsistence earnings by collecting and selling plant material for use in herbal medicine. This material is wild-harvested, but collectors seem not to fully appreciate the potential value of the plant material they collect nor the longterm impact their collection has on local plant populations. A model project supported by the International Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI)persuaded small-scale farmers in four different villages to use some of their land for cultivating traditionally wild-harvested species of medicinal and aromatic plants(MAPs) with high market value. The farmers were provided seeds or rhizomes of five MAPs and asked to monitor their germination and growth on 25 m2 plots during a 12 month period. At the end of the study, growth and yield data from the four localities were compared and economic analyses conducted to determine the profitability of the species based on yields, prevailing market prices, and costs of production. Five of the cultivated species were subsequently marketed and their value evaluated:Sesamum indicum, Linum usitatissimum, Ocimum basilicum, Nigella sativa and Viola pilosa. The MAPs V. pilosa and O. basilicum were the most profitable,whereas Nigella sativa was the least profitable because of its low germination rate. The net income from all but Nigella was higher than that would have been earned by planting the same area with the predominant cereals or tomatoes. In addition to demonstrating the feasibility and financial benefits of cultivating MAPs as a cash crop, this model study identified a number of additional steps that would increase the benefits of MAPs cultivation in this area.A combination of specialized education, market infrastructure development and a small loans program would enable farmers to increase their agricultural income without damaging the area's pl

关键词：经济发展芳香植物巴基斯坦喜马拉雅山区栽培种药用山脉植物材料

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