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key Technology Research on the Efficient Exploitation and comprehensive utilization of resources in the Deep Jinchuan nickel Deposit

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Engineering 2017年第4期3卷 559-566页

作者： Zhiqiang Yang State key laboratory for comprehensive utilization of nickel and cobalt resources Jinchang Gansu 737100 China Jinchuan Group Co. Ltd. Jinchang Gansu 737100 China

To understand the resource features and geology in the deep Jinchuan nickel deposit, difficult geological conditions were systematically analyzed, including high stress, fragmentized ore rock, prevalent deformation, difficult tunnel support, complicated rock mechanics, and low mining recovery. An integrated technology package was built for safe, efficient, and continuous mining in a deep, massive, and complex nickel and cobalt mine. This was done by the invention of a large-area continuous mining method with honeycomb drives; the establishment of ground control theory and a technology package for high-stress and fragmented ore rock; and the development of a new type of backfilling cement material, along with a deep backfilling technology that comprises the pipeline transport of high-density slurry with coarse aggregates. In this way, good solutions to existing problems were found to permit the efficient exploitation and comprehensive utilization of the resources in the deep Jinchuan nickel mine. In addition, a technological demonstration in an underground mine was performed using the cemented undercut-and-fill mining method for stressful, fragmented, and rheological rock.

关键词： Deep mining Efficient exploitation comprehensive utilization key technology

金川镍矿床深部资源高效开发与综合利用的关键技术研究

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Engineering 2017年第4期 276-291页

作者：杨志强 State key laboratory for comprehensive utilization of nickel and cobalt resources Jinchuan Group Co. Ltd.

为了掌握金川镍矿床的深部资源特征和地质状况,对困难的开采条件进行了系统分析,包括高应力、碎裂矿岩体、普遍的围岩变形、困难的巷道支护、复杂的岩体力学特征以及低采矿回收率等。为深部、大型和复杂镍钴矿山的安全、高效和连续开采... 详细信息

为了掌握金川镍矿床的深部资源特征和地质状况,对困难的开采条件进行了系统分析,包括高应力、碎裂矿岩体、普遍的围岩变形、困难的巷道支护、复杂的岩体力学特征以及低采矿回收率等。为深部、大型和复杂镍钴矿山的安全、高效和连续开采建立了一个集成技术包,其由蜂窝式进路大面积连续采矿方法的发明、地压控制理论以及高应力和碎裂矿岩体技术模块的建立、新型充填胶凝材料的开发、粗骨料高浓度料浆管道输送的深井充填技术等组成。由此,所存在的难题得到了较好的解决,从而确保了金川镍矿床深部资源的高效开采和综合利用。同时,为高应力、碎裂和流变岩体的地下矿山使用下向胶结充填采矿方法展示了一个技术范例。

关键词：深部开采高效开发综合利用关键技术

Microstructural evolution and defect formation in a powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy processed by selective laser melting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第1期36卷 7-17页

作者： Hongyu Wu Dong Zhang Biaobiao Yang Chao Chen Yunping Li Kechao Zhou Liang Jiang Ruiping Liu State key laboratory for Powder Metallurgy Powder Metallurgy Research InstituteCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China State key laboratory of nickel and cobalt resources comprehensive utilization Jinchang 737100China Yuanmeng Precision Technology(Shenzhen)Institute Shenzhen 518063China

In this study,the selective laser melting(SLM)technology has been employed to manufacture a nickelbased superalloy which was conventionally prepared through powder metallurgy(PM)route.The microstructural features and defects were systematically investigated both prior to and after heat treatment and compared with the PM counterpart.Both solidification cracking and liquation cracking were observed in the SLM specimen in which the grain misorientation and low melting point(γ+γ')eutectic played a vital role in their formation mechanism.Columnar grains oriented along building direction were ubiquitous,corresponding to strongfiber texture.Solidification cell structures and melt pools are pervasive and noγ'precipitates were detected at about 10 nm scale before heat treatment.After supersolvus solution and two-step aging treatments,high volume fractionγ'precipitates emerged and their sizes and morphologies were comparable to those in PM alloy.texture is relieved and columnar grains tend to become more equiaxed due to static recrystallization process and grain boundary migration events.Significant annealing twins formed in SLM alloy and are clarified as a consequence of recrystallization.Our results provide fundamental understandings for the SLM PM nickel-based superalloy both before and after heat treatment and demonstrate the potential to fabricate this group of alloys using SLM technology.

关键词： nickel-based superalloy Selective laser melting Microstructure Defects Annealing twin

聚丙烯纤维和粗骨料对尾砂胶结充填体延性和流动性的影响

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Journal of Central South University 2022年第2期29卷 515-527页

作者：严荣富刘家明尹升华邹龙寇永渊张鹏强 key laboratory of Ministry of Education of Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Earth Sciences East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China National Key Laboratory of Nickel and Cobalt Resources Comprehensive Utilization Gansu Jinchuan Group Co.Ltd.Jinchang 737100China Jinchuan nickel cobalt Research and Design Institute Co. Ltd.Jinchang 737100China

添加聚丙烯纤维和粗集料已成为提高尾砂胶结充填体强度和稳定性的常用方法,研究尾矿-骨料比和纤维含量对CTB试样力学性能的影响具有重要意义。本文基于抗压强度、坍落度和微观结构试验,建立了纤维和尾骨比对CTB试样强度、延性和流动性... 详细信息

添加聚丙烯纤维和粗集料已成为提高尾砂胶结充填体强度和稳定性的常用方法,研究尾矿-骨料比和纤维含量对CTB试样力学性能的影响具有重要意义。本文基于抗压强度、坍落度和微观结构试验,建立了纤维和尾骨比对CTB试样强度、延性和流动性影响的回归模型。结果表明:考虑抗压强度、开裂应变、峰值应变和峰后延性,尾矿-骨料比为5:5、纤维掺量为0.5 kg/m^(3)时性能最优;其中尾骨比与强度呈一元二次关系,与坍落度呈负线性相关。微观结构分析结果表明,纤维主要表现为桥接作用,棒磨砂作为充填体骨架,可提高CTB的致密性和峰后延性。本文研究结果对认识和应用粗集料和纤维来改善CTB的力学性能具有重要意义。

关键词：尾砂胶结充填体聚丙烯纤维粗骨料无侧限抗压强度峰后延性流动性

Optimization of ECAP-RAP process for preparing semisolid billet of 6061 aluminum alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第6期27卷 792-800页

作者： Zu-jian Yang Kai-kun Wang Yan Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State key laboratory of nickel and cobalt resources comprehensive utilization Jinchang 737100China

6061 aluminum alloy semisolid billet was prepared by the equal-channel angular processing(ECAP)-recrystallization and partial(RAP)process(a combination of equal-channel angular processing and recrystallization and partial remelting).The effects of different process parameters on the alloy microstructure were studied and the quantitative relationship between the process parameters and microstructure was established by response surface methodology(RSM)to optimize the process parameters.According to the orthogonal test,the holding temperature and holding time of the four ECAP-RAP process parameters were found to have the greatest impact on the microstructural characteristics,including average grain size and average shape factor.Through RSM,it was also found that when the average grain size or the average shape factor is optimized separately,another will be degraded.When the two indexes were simultaneously considered,the optimal process parameters were found to be a holding temperature of 623°C and holding time of 13 min,and the corresponding average grain size and average shape factor were 35.97μm and 0.8535,respectively.Moreover,comparing the experimental and predicted values,the reliability of the established response surface model was verified.

关键词： 6061 aluminum alloy equal-channel angular pressing semisolid microstructure response surface methodology

Distribution of Phosphorus and Its Effects on Precipitation Behaviors and Tensile Properties of IN718C Cast Superalloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2019年第7期32卷 887-899页

作者： An-Wen Zhang Yan Yang Sha Zhang Dong Zhang Wei-Hong Zhang Da-Wei Han Feng Qi Yuan-Guo Tan Xin Xin Wen-Ru Sun Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China College of Material Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China. Shenyang 110016 China State key laboratory of nickel and cobalt resources comprehensive utilization Jinchang 737100 China

The effect of phosphorus on the precipitations of γ″,γ' and 8 phases and associated tensile properties in IN718C alloy are investigated in this study. It is revealed that P atoms are dissolved in the grain interior to a relatively high degree and hence influence the precipitation behaviors in the grain interior and improve the tensile strength of IN718C alloy.γ″ and γ' phases did not precipitate in the alloy without P addition during air cooling, while γ″ and phases precipitated in the grain interior during air cooling in the alloys with P addition, and the amounts of γ″ and γ' phases increased with increasing P content. Therefore, the Vickers micro-hardness in the as-cast state increased gradually with increasing P content. In double-aging state, the sizes of γ″ and γ' phases in the alloys with P addition were larger than that in the alloy without P addition, while the sizes were invariable when the P content (wt%) was higher than 0.015. Therefore, the micro-hardness and tensile strength of IN718C alloy treated by double aging increased first and then kept invariable with increasing P content. The precipitations of 8 phases both in the grain interior and on grain boundaries were inhibited by P markedly. The inhibitory effect of P on 8 phase enhanced gradually with increasing content of P, but the plasticity increased first and then decreased. What is more, the crack tended to propagate into the matrix around the particles (Laves phases and NbC carbides) in the alloys without P addition at the beginning of the tensile fracture, while it tended to propagate along the interfaces between the matrix and those particles in the alloys with P addition, which resulted from the synthetical effect of P on γ″,γ' and 8 phases.

关键词： IN718C alloy Phosphorus γ″ and γ' phases 8 phase Tensile properties

Phosphorus-doped Ni–Co sulfides connected by carbon nanotubes for flexible hybrid supercapacitor

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第5期17卷 491-503页

作者： Shengwang Su Li Sun Feng Xie Jialong Qian Yihe Zhang Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon utilization of resources Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid WastesNational Laboratory of Mineral MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and TechnologyChina University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

As promising electrode materials for supercapacitors,nickel-cobalt bimetallic sulfides render the advantages of abundant redox reactions and inherently high conductivity.However,in general,unsatisfactory performance of low specific capacity,low rate capability,and fast capacity loss exist in Ni–Co sulfide electrodes.Herein,we rationally regulate phosphorus-doped nickel–cobalt sulfides(P-NCS)to enhance the electrochemical performance by gas–solid phosphorization.Moreover,carbon nanotubes(CNTs)as conductive additives are added to improve the cycle stability and conductivity and form the composite P-NCS/C/CNT.According to density functional theory,more electrons near the Fermi surface of P-NCS are demonstrated notionally than those of simple CoNi2S4.Electrochemical results manifest that P-NCS/C/CNT exhibits superior electrochemical performance,e.g.,high specific capacity(932.0 C·g^(-1)at 1 A·g^(-1)),remarkable rate capability(capacity retention ratio of 69.1%at 20 A·g^(-1)),and lower charge transfer resistance.More importantly,the flexible hybrid asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled using P-NCS/C/CNT and activated carbon,which renders an energy density of 34.875 W·h∙kg^(-1)at a power density of 375 W∙kg^(-1).These results show that as-prepared P-NCS/C/CNT demonstrates incredible possibility as a battery-type electrode for high-performance supercapacitors.

关键词： cobalt nickel sulfide phosphorus-doping hybrid supercapacitor carbon nanotube density functional theory

微波预处理强化褐铁型红土镍矿的硝酸加压浸出

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Journal of Central South University 2021年第10期28卷 3050-3060页

作者：和飞马保中王成彦马玉天 ASSELIN Edouard 陈永强张文娟赵健 School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State key laboratory of nickel and cobalt resources comprehensive utilization Jinchang 737104China Department of Materials Engineering the University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCV6T 1Z4Canada

微波作为一种清洁能源,常用于矿石的预处理。本文采用谐振腔微扰法测定了褐铁型红土镍矿的微波介电性能,系统地研究了微波活化处理对硝酸加压浸出的影响。结果表明,褐铁型红土镍矿具有良好的微波吸收性能。微波预处理后,红土镍矿主要物... 详细信息

微波作为一种清洁能源,常用于矿石的预处理。本文采用谐振腔微扰法测定了褐铁型红土镍矿的微波介电性能,系统地研究了微波活化处理对硝酸加压浸出的影响。结果表明,褐铁型红土镍矿具有良好的微波吸收性能。微波预处理后,红土镍矿主要物相由针铁矿转变为赤铁矿,且变得疏松多孔;再经300°C焙烧30 min后,在200°C、酸矿比1.2:1、搅拌速度500 r/min的条件下浸出60 min,Ni、Co、Fe、Mg的浸出率分别为95.2%、98.1%、1.8%、15%。相较于常规焙烧(82.1%)和不做预处理(90.4%)的浸出,Ni浸出有了明显的提高。经过微波处理后矿物由于吸波性能存在差异,被包裹的含镍矿物被打开,同时积累了很大内应力,使褐铁型红土镍矿中的镍更容易被浸出。因此,在浸出前对褐铁型红土镍矿进行微波预处理是一种有效提高选择性浸出的方式。

关键词：红土镍矿微波预处理硝酸加压浸出镍钴

An innovative technique for recycling dissipated metal rhenium from the waste acid in copper smelting process

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China Geology 2020年第2期3卷 350-352页

作者： Bo Zhang Hong-zhao Liu Wei Wang Xiao-jing Jing Lin Liu Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose utilization of Mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesZhengzhou 450006China China national Engineering Research Center for utilization of Industrial Minerals Zhengzhou 450006China key laboratory for Polymetallic Ores’Evaluation and utilization Ministry of Natural ResourcesZhengzhou 450006China key laboratory of comprehensive utilization of Gold Resource in Henan Province Zhengzhou 450006China

1.Objective Rhenium is a dissipated metal with the second highest melting point of 3180℃in periodic table.In the aerospace field,rhenium plays an indispensable role in the nickel superalloys for the production of aircraft engine and turbine engine.Since very few amount of rhenium resource is existed as independent ore deposit,most rhenium resource is distributed within the porphyry copper and molybdenite ores,consequently rhenium is often recovered as a by-product from the waste acid in copper smelting process.In this paper,an innovative technique with low cost,high recovery rate and non-pollution for recycling dissipated metal rhenium from the waste acid in copper smelting process is introduced(Zhang B et al.,2017;Liu HZ et al.,2018).

关键词： copper process nickel