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Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Host Genetic Factors for Liver Diseases

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2013年第1期1卷 45-50页

作者： Nao Nishida Katsushi Tokunaga Masashi Mizokami The Research Center for hepatitis&Immunology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Ichikawa Chiba Japan Department of Human Genetics The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Human Genetics The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan The Research Center for hepatitis&Immunology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Ichikawa Chiba Japan

A number of disease-associated genetic markers for common liver diseases have been identified using genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The GWAS strategy is based on genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism typing technologies, which are now commercially available, accom-panied by statistical methods to identify host genetic factors that are associated with target diseases or complex genetic traits. One of the most striking features of the GWAS strategy is the ability to identify unexpected disease-associated genetic markers across the entire human genome. Here, we describe the technological aspects of the GWAS strategy with examples from actual GWAS reports related to hepatitis research, including drug response for patients with chronic hepatitis C, susceptibility to primary biliary cirrhosis, and hepatitis-B-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： GWAS hepatitis B infection hepatitis C infection Primary biliary cirrhosis HLA-DP Hepatocellular carcinoma Host genetic factors

Numerical Visualization of Air Intake Induced by Free Surface Vortex

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Journal of Thermal Science 2017年第6期26卷 540-544页

作者： Young Kyu Park Mohan Kumar Dey Yoon Hwan Choi Yeon Won Lee Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology Pukyong National University Busan Korea Interdisciplinary program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Korea Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Korea

Free surface vortex control is vital in a pump sump system because the air absorbed by free surface vortex induc- es noise, vibration, and cavitation corrosion on the pumping system. In this study, the change of free surface vor- tex and air absorption in a pump intake has been investigated by the Volume of Fraction （VOF） method with steady multiphase flow model in order to represent the behavior of the free surface vortex exactly. The homoge- neous free surface model is used to apply interactions of air and water. The results show that air intake by the free surface vortex motion can be visualized using the iso-surface of air volume fraction. The vortices make an air column from the free surface to the pump intake. Also, it was found that the flee surface vortex can be controlled by installing curtain walls.

关键词： free surface vortex numerical visualization curtain wall air intake

Understanding cell-extracellular matrix interactions for topology-guided tissue regeneration

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BIOCELL 2023年第4期47卷 789-808页

作者： AAYUSHI RANDHAWA SAYAN DEB DUTTA KEYA GANGULY TEJAL V.PATIL RACHMI LUTHFIKASARI KI-TAEK LIM Department of Biosystems Engineering Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Korea Interdisciplinary program in Smart Agriculture Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Korea

Tissues are made up of cells and the extracellular matrix(ECM)which surrounds *** cells and tissues are actively adaptable to enduring significant stress that occurs in daily *** astonishing mechanical stress develops due to the interaction between the live cells and the non-living *** in the matrix microenvironment can sense the signals and forces produced and initiate a signaling cascade that plays a crucial role in the body’s normal functioning and influences various properties of the native cells,including growth,proliferation,and ***,the matrix’s characteristic features also impact the repair and regeneration of the damaged *** current study reviewed how the cell-ECM interaction regulates cellular behavior and physicochemical ***,we have described the response of cells to mechanical stresses,the importance of substrate stiffness and geometry in tissue regeneration,and the development of scaffolds to mimic the nature of native ECM in 3D for tissue engineering applications has also been ***,the study summarizes the conclusions and promising prospects based on the cell-ECM interplay.

关键词： ECM Stress Mechanical force Scaffold Mechanotransduction Tissue engineering

The evolution of Epstein-Barr virus detection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第1期15卷 1-5页

作者： You Quan Li Ni Sann Khin Melvin L.K.Chua Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center Oncology Academic Clinical program Duke-NUS Medical School

The detection of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)has evolved over the last40 years,transitioning from simple serological tests of latent viral infection to extremely sensitive measurements of

关键词：乳头状瘤病毒癌症临床症状进化鼻 EBV 实用程序 DNA

Detecting circulating tumor material and digital pathology imaging during pancreatic cancer progression

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第6期9卷 235-250页

作者： Radim Moravec Rao Divi Mukesh Verma Surveillance Research program Division of Cancer Control and Population SciencesNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health Methods and Technologies Branch Division of Cancer Control and Population SciencesNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health

Pancreatic cancer(PC) is a leading cause of cancerrelated death worldwide. Clinical symptoms typically present late when treatment options are limited and survival expectancy is very short. Metastatic mutations are heterogeneous and can accumulate up to twenty years before PC diagnosis. Given such genetic diversity, detecting and managing the complex states of disease progression may be limited to imaging modalities and markers present in circulation. Recent developments in digital pathology imaging show potential for early PC detection, making a differential diagnosis, and predicting treatment sensitivity leading to long-term survival in advanced stage patients. Despite large research efforts, the only serum marker currently approved for clinical use is CA 19-9. Utility of CA 19-9 has been shown to improve when it is used in combination with PC-specific markers. Efforts are being made to develop early-screening assays that can detect tumor-derived material, present in circulation, before metastasis takes a significant course. Detection of markers that identify circulating tumor cells and tumor-derived extracellular vesicles(EVs) in biofluid samples offers a promising non-invasive method for this purpose. Circulating tumor cells exhibit varying expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers depending on the state of tumor differentiation. This offers a possibility for monitoring disease progression using minimally invasive procedures. EVs also offer the benefit of detecting molecular cargo of tumor origin and add the potential to detect circulating vesicle markers from tumors that lack invasive properties. This review integrates recent genetic insights of PC progression with developments in digitalpathology and early detection of tumor-derived circulating material.

关键词： Circulating tumor cells Digital pathology Early detection Exosomes Pancreatic cancer

Fruit Ripeness Prediction Based on DNN Feature Induction from Sparse Dataset

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 4003-4024页

作者： Wan Hyun Cho Sang Kyoon Kim Myung Hwan Na In Seop Na Department of Statistics Chonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Korea Department of Electronics Eng. Mokpo National UniversityMuan58557Korea national program of Excellence in Software Centre Chosun UniversityGwangju61452Korea

Fruit processing devices,that automatically detect the freshness and ripening stages of fruits are very important in precision ***,based on deep learning,many attempts have been made in computer image processing,to monitor the ripening stage of ***,it is timeconsuming to acquire images of the various ripening stages to be used for training,and it is difficult to measure the ripening stages of fruits accurately with a small number of *** this paper,we propose a prediction system that can automatically determine the ripening stage of fruit by a combination of deep neural networks(DNNs)and machine learning(ML)that focus on optimizing them in combination on several image ***,we used eight DNN algorithms to extract the color feature vectors most suitable for classifying them from the observed images representing each ripening ***,we applied seven ML methods to determine the ripening stage of fruits based on the extracted color ***,we propose an automatic prediction system that can accurately determine the ripeness in images of various fruits such as strawberries and tomatoes by a combination of the DNN and ML ***,we used the transfer learning method to train the proposed system on few image datasets to increase the training ***,we experimented to find out which of the various combinations of DNN and ML methods demonstrated excellent classification *** the experimental results,a combination of DNNs and multilayer perceptron,or a combination of DNNs and support vector machine or kernel support vector machine generally exhibited excellent classification ***,the combination of various DNNs and statistical classification models shows that the overall classification rate is ***,in the case of using tomato images,it was found that the classification rate for the combination of various DNNs and ML methods was generally similar to the results obtained

关键词： Ripening stage prediction deep neural network machine learning tomato strawberry small dataset

Mesenchymal stem cells,the secretome and biomaterials:Regenerative medicine application

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BIOCELL 2022年第10期46卷 2201-2208页

作者： KI-TAEK LIM TEJAL V.PATIL DINESH KPATEL SAYAN DEB DUTTA KEYA GANGULY AAYUSHI RANDHAWA Department of Biosystems Engineering Interdisciplinary Program in Smart AgricultureKangwon National UniversityChuncheon341Korea

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent cells usually isolated from bone marrow,endometrium,adipose tissues,skin,and dental *** played a crucial role in regenerative therapy and have been introduced as an interdisciplinary field between cell biology and material ***,MSCs have been widely explored for their application in regenerative medicine and COVID-19 *** approaches to evaluate the future of biomaterials and stem cell properties have been ***,misconceptions and ethical issues still exist,such as MSCs being non-angiogenic,anti-apoptotic,and immunoregulatory *** stem cells isolation primarily requires the consent of donors and can include the killing of fertilized *** issues generate questions related to ethical and moral ***,MSCs have gained considerable attention for tissue regeneration owing to their differentiation ability with immunomodulatory *** are capable of secreting a broad range of biomolecules such as proteins,nucleic acids,exosomes,microRNAs,and membrane vesicles,collectively known as *** are released in response to the surrounding *** this article,we briefly address topics related to the therapeutic potential of MSCs as an advanced approach in the field of regenerative medicine and various perspectives.

关键词： Mesenchymal Stem Cells Secretome Biomaterials Regenerative Medicine

Impact of national Immunization Strategies on Vaccine- Preventable Diseases — China, 1950–2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第16期6卷 339-343页

作者： Quanwei Song Yixing Li Lei Cao Lixin Hao Ning Wen Fuzhen Wang Chao Ma Guomin Zhang Hui Zheng Wenzhou Yu Zhijie An Zundong Yin Huaqing Wang national Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases(NITFID) BeijingChina national Immunization program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

What is already known about this topic?The incidences of vaccine-preventable diseases(VPDs)included in the Expanded program on Immunization in China have decreased significantly in recent *** is added by this report?This study summarizes the national incidences of nine VPDs and the seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)under different immunization strategies from 1950 through 2021 in *** sharpest decreases in VPD incidence and under-5-year HBsAg seroprevalence occurred during the latest stage of the national Immunization *** decreases in VPD incidence were most prominent among children under five years of *** are the implications for public health practice?These findings provide valuable insights for vaccine value assessment and emphasize the importance of implementing immunization strategies in targeted populations.

关键词： vaccine diseases Impact

Novel Cryo-EM structures of the D1 dopamine receptor unlock its therapeutic potential

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1634-1635页

作者： David R.Sibley Kathryn D.Luderman RBenjamin Free Lei Shi Molecular Neuropharmacology Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Section Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery BranchNational Institute on Drug AbuseIntramural Research ProgramNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMDUSA

Three recent articles published in Cell1,2 and Cell Research3 have reported multiple cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM)structures of the D1 dopamine receptor(DRD1)bound to either dopamine,various DRD1 agonists,or a positive allosteric modulator(PAM),while in complex with the active heterotrimeric Gs *** studies describe for the first time active-state structures of the DRD1,an exciting advancement in the field that will allow for a better understanding of selective agonist binding,DRD1 activation,G protein selectivity,and the provision of multiple templates to facilitate future drug design and discovery for this important therapeutic target.

关键词： selectivity activation potential