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Emerging trends and prospects of electroconductive bioinks for cell-laden and functional 3D bioprinting

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2022年第2期5卷 396-411页

作者： Harish K.Handral Vaishali P.Natu Tong Cao Jerry Y.H.Fuh Gopu Sriram Wen F.Lu Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Faculty of Dentistry National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore NUS centre for Additive Manufacturing(AM.NUS) SingaporeSingapore

Introduction 3D bioprinting offers a unique biofabrication platform that allows the generation of functional tissue constructs in a spatially/geometrically controlled and automated manner using a 3 D printer and *** serves as the carrier medium that provides the ideal physico-mechanical characteristics for printability,shape fidelity,and support;and a biological microenvironment for the living cells prior to,during.

关键词： printing functional printer

Capecitabine with radiation is an effective adjuvant therapy in gastric cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第29期16卷 3709-3715页

作者： Chee Kian Tham Su Pin Choo Donald Yew Hee Poon Han Chong Toh Simon Yew Kuang Ong Sze Huey Tan Michael Lian Chek Wang Kian Fong Foo Department of Medical Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences National Cancer Centre Singapore Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore

AIM:To analyze the outcome of patients who received concurrent capecitabine(Xeloda) and radiation(XRT) compared to the established concurrent 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) with radiation(5FU-RT) and fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy alone as adjuvant treatment in gastric ***:All patients with gastric cancers who received adjuvant treatment at the national Cancer centre singapore between 1996 and 2006 were *** outcomes of patients who received XRT were compared with those who had 5FU-RT or chemotherapy alone as adjuvant therapy for gastric ***:A total of 108 patients were *** age at diagnosis was *** majority of the patients(64.8%) had advanced stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ disease(with no distant metastasis).All except 4 patients had D2 *** one patients(19.4%) had positive surgical resection *** three patients received XRT compared with 52 who had 5FU-RT and 23 who received chemotherapy *** the patients in the chemotherapy-only group,all had fluoropyrimidine-based therapy,with added cisplatin in 7 patients and epirubicin in 2 *** recurrence-free survival was longer for the XRT group(52 mo) compared to the 5FU-RT(35 mo) and chemotherapy-only groups(25 mo)(P=0.48).The patients in the XRT group achieved similar median overall survival(53 mo) as the 5FU-RT(54 mo) and the chemotherapy-only groups(44 mo)(P=0.5).CONCLUSION:Capecitabine with concurrent radiation was as effective as concurrent 5FU with radiation or fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy alone when used as adjuvant treatment in patients with gastric cancers.

关键词： Capecitabine Radiation Gastric cancer Adjuvant chemotherapy

Continuous-Variable Quantum Computation in Circuit QED

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Chinese Physics Letters 2023年第11期40卷 14-17页

作者： Xiaozhou Pan Pengtao Song Yvonne Y.Gao centre for Quantum Technologies National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Physics National University of SingaporeSingapore

Quantum computation (QC) offers the promise of enhanced computational capabilities and drastic accelerations in solving complex tasks such as quantum chemistry^([1,2])and prime factorization.^([3])Various physical implementations for practical QC are being pursued across the academic and industrial research *** ones include trapped ions,^([4])nuclear spin,^([5]).

关键词： acceleration quantum Quantum

Highly efficient fiber to Si waveguide free-form coupler for foundry-scale silicon photonics

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 1055-1066页

作者： LUIGI RANNO JIA Xu BRIAN SIA COSMIN POPESCU DREW WENINGER SAMUEL SERNA SHAOLIANG YU LIONEL C.KIMERLING ANURADHA AGARWAL TIAN GU JUEJUN HU Department of Materials Science&Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA centre for Micro-&Nano-Electronics(CMNE) Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Physics Photonics and Optical EngineeringBridgewater State UniversityBridgewaterMassachusetts 02324USA Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou 311100China Materials Research Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA

As silicon photonics transitions from research to commercial deployment,packaging solutions that efficiently couple light into highly compact and functional sub-micrometer silicon waveguides are imperative but remain *** 220 nm silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform,poised to enable large-scale integration,is the most widely adopted by foundries,resulting in established fabrication processes and extensive photonic component *** development of a highly efficient,scalable,and broadband coupling scheme for this platform is therefore of paramount *** two-photon polymerization(TPP)and a deterministic free-form micro-optics design methodology based on the Fermat’s principle,this work demonstrates an ultraefficient and broadband 3-D coupler interface between standard SMF-28 single-mode fibers and silicon waveguides on the 220 nm SOI *** coupler achieves a low coupling loss of 0.8 dB for the fundamental TE mode,along with 1 dB bandwidth exceeding 180 *** broadband operation enables diverse bandwidthdriven applications ranging from communications to ***,the 3-D free-form coupler also enables large tolerance to fiber misalignments and manufacturing variability,thereby relaxing packaging requirements toward cost reduction capitalizing on standard electronic packaging process flows.

关键词： fiber waveguide enable

Diabetic retinopathy:A review on its pathophysiology and novel treatment modalities

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第4期14卷 61-76页

作者： Arvind Kumar Morya Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh Prateek Nishant Kirandeep Kaur Bharat Gurnani Aarti Heda Sarika Salodia Head of the Department Department of OphthalmologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Glaucoma Medical Officer Department of Glaucoma and ResearchMahathma Eye Hospital Private LimitedTrichy 620017Tamil NaduIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Gomabai Netralaya and Research CentreNeemuch 458441Madhya PradeshIndia Cornea and Refractive Services Gomabai Netralaya and Research CentreNeemuch 458441Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Ophthalmology National Institute of OphthalmologyPune 411000MaharashtraIndia Global Medical Safety LundbeckSingapore 569933SingaporeSingapore

Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a chronic metabolic non-communicable disease with the ability to cause serious microvascular and macrovascular complications throughout the body,including in the *** retinopathy(DR),present in onethird of patients with diabetes,is a vision-threatening complication caused by uncontrolled diabetes,which greatly affects the retinal blood vessels and the lightsensitive inner retina,eventually leading to *** epidemiological studies elucidate that DR can vary by age of onset,duration,types of diabetes,and *** studies show that the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy has spread its roots beyond merely being the result of *** complexity of its etiopathology and diagnosis makes therapeutic intervention *** review throws light on the pathological processes behind DR,the cascade of events that follow it,as well as the available and emerging treatment options.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic retinopathy Diabetic macular edema Intravitreal injection Laser photocoagulation

An Overview of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene for Biosensing Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第3期9卷 3-26页

作者： Zanzan Zhu national Cancer centre singapore 11 Hospital DriveSingapore 169610Singapore

With the development of carbon nanomaterials in recent years, there has been an explosion of interests in using carbon nanotubes(CNTs) and graphene for developing new biosensors. It is believed that employing CNTs and graphene as sensor components can make sensors more reliable, accurate, and fast due to their remarkable properties. Depending on the types of target molecular, different strategies can be applied to design sensor device. This review article summarized the important progress in developing CNT-and graphene-based electrochemical biosensors, field-effect transistor biosensors, and optical biosensors. Although CNTs and graphene have led to some groundbreaking discoveries, challenges are still remained and the state-of-the-art sensors are far from a practical application. As a conclusion, future effort has to be made through an interdisciplinary platform, including materials science, biology, and electric engineering.

关键词： Biosensor Carbon nanotubes(CNTs) Graphene

Evaluation of the heat transfer performance of helical coils of non-circular tubes

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第1期12卷 63-70页

作者： Jundika C.KURNIA Agus P.SASMITO Arun S.MUJUMDAR Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Mineral Metal and Material Technology CentreNational University of Singapore

This study addresses heat transfer performance of various configurations of coiled non-circular tubes, e.g., in-plane spiral ducts, helical spiral ducts, and conical spiral ducts. The laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid in helical coils made of square cross section tubes is simulated using the computational fluid dynamic approach. The effects of tube Reynolds number, fluid Prandtl number, coil diameter, etc., are quantified and discussed. Both constant wall temperature and constant heat flux conditions are simulated. The effect of in-plane coil versus a cylindrical design of constant coil, as well as a conical coil design is discussed. Results are compared with those for a straight square tube of the same length as that used to form the coils. Advantages and limitations of using coiled tubes are discussed in light of the numerical results.

关键词： Coil Non-circular tube Heat transfer performance Mathematical model

Spatiotemporal-restricted A*algorithm as a support for lane-free traffic at intersections with mixed flows

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第2期3卷 38-49页

作者： Haifei Chi Pinlong Cai Daocheng Fu Junda Zhai Yadan Zeng Botian Shi Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory 701 Yunjin RoadXuhuiShanghai200232China Southeast University No.2 SipailouNanjingJiangsu Province210096China China Research and Development Academy of Machinery Equipment 69 Zizhuyuan RoadHaidianBeijing100089China Robotics Research centre of the School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798

Improving the capacity of intersections is the key to enhancing road traffic *** from the application of Connected Automated Vehicles(CAVs)in the foreseeing future,it is promising to fully utilize spatiotemporal resources at intersections through cooperative and intelligent trajectory planning for ***-free traffic is currently a highly anticipated solution that can achieve more flexible trajectories without being limited by lane ***,it is challenging to apply efficient lane-free traffic to be compatible with the traditional intersection control mode for mixed flow composed of CAVs and Human-driving Vehicles(HVs).To address the research gap,this paper proposes a spatiotemporal-restricted A∗algorithm to obtain efficient and flexible lane-free trajectories for ***,we restrict the feasible area of the heuristic search algorithm by considering the feasible area and orientation of vehicles to maintain the trajectory directionality of different turning ***,we propose a spatiotemporal sparse sampling method by defining the four-dimensional spatiotemporal grid to accelerate the execution of the heuristic search ***,we consider the motions of HVs as dynamic obstacles with rational trajectory fluctuation during the process of trajectory planning for *** proposed method can retain the advantage of efficiently exploring feasible trajectories through the hybrid A*algorithm,while also utilizing multiple spatiotemporal constraints to accelerate solution *** experimental results of the simulated and real scenarios with mixed flows show that the proposed model can continuously enhance traffic efficiency and fuel economy as the penetration of CAVs gradually increases.

关键词： Connected automated vehicles Trajectory planning Intersection Mixed flows Lane-free traffic

Cilostazol for secondary stroke prevention:systematic review and meta-analysis

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第3期6卷 410-423,I0035-I0053页

作者： Choon Han Tan Andrew GR Wu Ching-Hui Sia Aloysius ST Leow Bernard PL Chan Vijay Kumar Sharma Leonard LL Yeo Benjamin YQ Tan Department of Medicine Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Cardiology National University Heart CentreSingapore Division of Neurology Department of MedicineNational University Health SystemSingapore

Background Stroke is one of the leading causes of death ***,an antiplatelet and phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor,has not been clearly established for ischaemic stroke *** aim to determine the efficacy and safety of cilostazol for secondary stroke *** MEDLINE,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Web of Science and *** were searched from inception to 25 September 2020,for randomised trials comparing the efficacy and safety of cilostazol monotherapy or dual therapy with another antiplatelet regimen or placebo,in patients with ischaemic *** 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials(RoB 2)was used to assess study *** meta-analysis was reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)*** Eighteen randomised trials comprising 11429 participants were included in this *** trials possessed low risk of bias and were of low *** significantly reduced the rate of ischaemic stroke recurrence(risk ratio,RR=0.69,95%CI 0.58 to 0.81),any stroke recurrence(RR=0.64,95%CI 0.54 to 0.74)and major adverse cardiovascular events(RR=0.67,95%CI 0.56 to 0.81).Cilostazol did not significantly decrease mortality(RR=0.90,95%CI 0.64 to 1.25)or increase the rate of good functional outcome(Modified Rankin Scale score of 0–1;RR=1.07,95%CI 0.95 to 1.19).Cilostazol demonstrated favourable safety profile,significantly reducing the risk of intracranial haemorrhage(RR=0.46,95%CI 0.31 to 0.68)and major haemorrhagic events(RR=0.49,95%CI 0.34 to 0.70).Conclusions Cilostazol demonstrated superior efficacy and safety profiles compared with traditional antiplatelet regimens such as aspirin and clopidogrel for secondary stroke prevention but does not appear to affect functional *** randomised trials can be conducted outside East Asia,or compare cilostazol with a wider range of antiplatelet agents.

关键词： prevention Cilostazol regimen