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Cancer profiles in China and comparisons with the USA:a comprehensive analysis in the incidence,mortality,survival,staging,and attribution to risk factors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 122-131页

作者： Siyi He Changfa Xia He Li Maomao Cao Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Shaoli Zhang Yi Teng Qianru Li Wanqing Chen Office of Cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

China faces a disproportionate cancer burden to the population size and is undergoing a transition in the cancer *** extracted data in five aspects of cancer incidence,mortality,survival,staging distributions,and attribution to risk factors in China,the USA and worldwide from open-source *** conducted a comprehensive secondary analysis of cancer profiles in China in the above aspects,and compared cancer statistics between China and the USA.A total of 4,546,400 new cancer cases and 2,992,600 deaths occurred in China in 2020,accounting for 25.1%and 30.2%of global cases,***-related cancers including lung cancer,colorectal cancer,and breast cancer showed an upward trend and have been the leading cancer types in China.41.6%of new cancer cases and 49.3%of cancer deaths occurred in digestive-system cancers in China,and the cancers of esophagus,nasopharynx,liver,and stomach in China accounted for over 40%of global ***-related cancers showed the highest population-attributable fractions among Chinese adults,and most cancers could be attributed to behavioral and metabolic *** proportions of stage I for most cancer types were much higher in the USA than in China,except for esophageal cancer(78.2%vs.41.1%).The 5-year relative survival rates in China have improved substantially during 2000–2014,whereas survival for most cancer types in the USA was significantly higher than in China,except for upper gastrointestinal *** findings suggest that although substantial progress has been made in cancer control,especially in digestive system cancers in China,there was still a considerable disparity in cancer burden between China and the *** robust policies on risk factors and standardized screening practices are urgently warranted to curb the cancer growth and improve the prognosis for cancer patients.

关键词： cancer burden survival rate neoplasm staging risk factors China

Omics for deciphering oral microecology

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 197-207页

作者： Yongwang Lin Xiaoyue Liang Zhengyi Li Tao Gong Biao Ren Yuqing Li Xian Peng State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&national center for Stomatology&national clinical research center for Oral Diseases West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina

The human oral microbiome harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body,playing critical roles in oral and systemic *** technological innovations are propelling the characterization and manipulation of oral ***-throughput sequencing enables comprehensive taxonomic and functional profiling of oral *** long-read platforms improve genome assembly from complex ***-cell genomics provides insights into uncultured *** imaging modalities including fluorescence,mass spectrometry,and Raman spectroscopy have enabled the visualization of the spatial organization and interactions of oral microbes with increasing *** techniques link phylogenetic identity with *** spectrometry imaging reveals metabolic niches and activities while Raman spectroscopy generates rapid biomolecular fingerprints for *** facilitates the isolation and cultivation of novel fastidious oral taxa using high-throughput *** integration of these technologies holds the promise of transforming our understanding of oral microbiome assembly,gene expression,metabolites,microenvironments,virulence mechanisms,and microbe-host interfaces in the context of health and ***,significant knowledge gaps persist regarding community origins,developmental trajectories,homeostasis versus dysbiosis triggers,functional biomarkers,and strategies to deliberately reshape the oral microbiome for therapeutic *** convergence of sequencing,imaging,cultureomics,synthetic systems,and biomimetic models will provide unprecedented insights into the oral microbiome and offer opportunities to predict,prevent,diagnose,and treat associated oral diseases.

关键词： insight holds oral

Global, regional, and national burden of early-onset gastric cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第8期21卷 667-678页

作者： Nuopei Tan Hongliang Wu Maomao Cao Fan Yang Xinxin Yan Siyi He Mengdi Cao Shaoli Zhang Yi Teng Qianru Li Jiachen Wang Changfa Xia Wanqing Chen Department of Cancer Screening National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Anesthesiology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Objective: The burden of gastric cancer(GC) across different age groups needs updating. We determined the GC global, regional, and national burden profiles and changes in incidence for 3 sequential 5-year intervals from 2003 to ***: The latest incidence and mortality estimates of GC from 185 countries and regions were extracted from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database. The 5-year interval age-standardised incidence rates(ASIRs) were evaluated using cancer registry data from volumes X±XII of the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents(CI5). Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between ASIR or the age-standardised mortality rate(ASMR) and the Human Development Index(HDI).Results: There was an estimated global 968,000 new GC cases and 660,000 deaths in 2022, with male predominance. GC ASIRs and ASMRs were 9.2 and 6.1 per 100,000 persons, respectively. East Asia had the highest burden, with 53.8% of cases and 48.2% of deaths among all geographic regions. There was a significant correlation between ASIR and HDI. Over three 5-year intervals from 2003 to 2017, the incidence of GC notably decreased in most countries but peaked at 2008±2012 in New Zealand, Turkey, and South Africa. Several countries in Europe, Oceania, and America suggest an increasingly concerning trend among younger individuals, especially ***: GC is a significant health issue, especially among males and in geographic regions with an HDI, such as eastern Asia. While the incidence of GC is decreasing in many countries due to prevention efforts and improved treatments, a rising trend persists among younger individuals. Comprehensive prevention strategies tailored to different age patterns are clearly needed.

关键词： Gastric cancer cancer burden GLOBOCAN incidence mortality

Variations, effectiveness and its associated factors of a nationwide web-based hypertension management training project in China: insights from a government-led campaign for 1.2 million lay health workers

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 733-750页

作者： Wei WANG Hai-Bo ZHANG Jia-Min LIU Yan LI Na TIAN Lei YAN Jin-Xiao SONG Mei-Li LI Yue PENG Jing LI national Primary Health Care Hypertension Management Office National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesNHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular MedicationsFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of a large-scale,web-based,in-service hypertension management training project among lay health workers(LHWs) at primary care health(PHC) settings in China,and to examine the factors contributing to the variations of *** We used data from a web-based national hypertension management training project implemented in 2018,it was designed to facilitate LHWs to learn,understand,and apply the relevant knowledge and skills in hypertension management through providing training courses by use of the web-based platform with unified *** LHWs were required to participate in the exams before and after training to acquire scores for the use of evaluating their performance of hypertension management *** first used descriptive analysis to present the variations of effectiveness in hypertension management knowledge among LHWs by important ***,we used multilevel logistic regression to examine the individual and regional factors contributing to the variations and quantify the magnitude of how these factors affected training *** There were 1,208,610 LHWs who completed training and were ***,the scores of LHWs increased significantly from 62.87 ± 21.14 out of 100 in the pre-test to 88.30 ± 11.31 in the post-test by 25.43(95% confidence interval[CI]:25.40-25.47).Training contents involved in antihypertensive medication showed the lowest score(54.36) in the pre-test and soared the most after training,up to 84.22 by 54.94%.Individual factors associated with disparities in the knowledge of hypertension management decreased substantially after training,which included sex,age,education,practice type,professional level,and hierarchy of working *** variations were shown at the provincial level,with the majority of them being explained by factors at the regional *** Accessible web-based training modality,government efforts,accompa

关键词： hypertension workers nationwide

Effects of anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture on lower limb paralysis after cerebral infarction:study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期44卷 205-211页

作者： LI Menghan WANG Yu RAN Dawei YANG Xinming DENG Shizhe SHI Lei MENG Zhihong Department of acupuncture First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China national clinical research center for Chinese Medicine acupuncture and Moxibustion Tianjin 300193China Graduate department Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China Department of Massage and Rehabilitation Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300250China

Stroke is the main cause of disability in the middle and old ***,especially lower limb paralysis,often leads to the loss of self-care ability and a series of secondary *** main method to improve hemiplegic limb movement is exercise therapy,but there are still many patients with disabilities after rehabilitation *** one of the non-pharmacological therapies for stroke,acupuncture has been recognized to improve motor function in ***,we propose a new method,anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture,which can stimulate both the femoral nerve and the sciatic *** designed this study to determine the effect of this method on lower limb motor *** participants recruited with hemiplegia after cerebral infarction will be randomly assigned to the test group or control group in a 1:1 *** control group will receive Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture,and the test group will receive anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture on this *** participants will get acupuncture treatment once a day,6 times a week for 2 *** primary outcome is Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Lower Extremity and the secondary outcomes are Modified Ashworth Scale and Modified Barthel *** will be collected before treatment,1week after treatment,and 2 weeks after treatment,and then statistical analysis will be *** study can preliminarily verify the effect of anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture on improving lower limb motor function in patients with cerebral infarction,which may provide an alternative approach for clinical treatment of hemiplegia.

关键词： anterior sciatic nerve acupuncture paralysis cerebral infarction Xingnao Kaiqiao clinical protocols

Prognostic significance of SOX2 for chemotherapeutic patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第4期14卷 619-621页

作者： Xuefeng Zhang Hao Xu Tong Zhou Xiaodong Feng Qianming Chen State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Center of StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu610041China

Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is the most common oral cancers worldwide,accounting for over 90%of all oral malignancies[1].Despite encouraging improvements in therapeutic approaches,including surgical resection,chemotherapy,and radiotherapy,the five-year overall survival rate of OSCC has not been improved significantly over the past decades,mainly due to the high ratio of tumor recurrence and metastasis.

关键词： SOX2 therapeutic squamous

Cisplatin-based miRNA delivery strategy inspired by the circCPNE1/miR-330-3p pathway for oral squamous cell carcinoma

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2748-2760页

作者： Hua-yang Fan Ming-da Zhao Hong-jie Jiang Zhen-wei Yu Yu-jiang Fan Xin-hua Liang Ya-ling Tang Yong Sun State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&national center for Stomatology&national clinical research center for Oral Diseases&Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China national Engineering research center for Biomaterials Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&national center for Stomatology&national clinical research center for Oral Diseases&Department of Oral Pathology West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Circular RNAs(circRNAs)are ideal biomarkers of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)because of their highly stable closed-loop structure,and they can act as microRNA(miRNA)sponges to regulate OSCC *** analyzing clinical samples,we identified circCPNE1,a dysregulated circRNA in OSCC,and its expression level was negatively correlated with the clinical stage of OSCC ***-of-function assays revealed the tumor-suppressive effect of circCPNE1,which was then identified as a miR-330-3p ***-330-3p was recognized as a tumor promoter in multiple studies,consistent with our finding that it could promote the proliferation,migration,and invasion of OSCC *** results indicated that selective inhibition of miR-330-3p could be an effective strategy to inhibit OSCC ***,we designed cationic polylysine-cisplatin prodrugs to deliver antagomiR-330-3p(a miRNA inhibitory analog)via electrostatic interactions to form PP@miR nanoparticles(NPs).Paratumoral administration results revealed that PP@miR NPs effectively inhibited subcutaneous tumor progression and achieved partial tumor elimination(2/5),which confirmed the critical role of miR-330-3p in OSCC *** findings provide a new perspective for the development of OSCC treatments.

关键词： Oral squamous cell carcinoma CircRNA MiRNA sponge Antagomir MiRNA delivery Cisplatin-based nanoparticles Drug delivery systems Tumor elimination

Association of acute glycemic parameters at admission with cardiovascular mortality in the oldest old with acute myocardial infarction

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第3期21卷 349-358页

作者： Hui-Hui LIU Meng ZHANG Yuan-Lin GUO Cheng-Gang ZHU Na-Qiong WU Ying GAO Rui-Xia XU Jie QIAN Ke-Fei DOU Jian-Jun LI Cardiometabolic center State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

OBJECTIVES Stress-related glycemic indicators,including admission blood glucose(ABG),stress-hyperglycemia ratio(SHR),and glycemic gap(GG),have been associated with worse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction(AMI).However,data regarding their prognostic value in the oldest old with AMI are ***,this study aimed to investigate the association of stress-related glycemic indicators with short-and long-term cardiovascular mortality(CVM)in the oldest old(≥80 years)with *** In this prospective study,a total of 933 consecutive old patients with AMI admitted to FuWai hospital(Beijing,China)were *** admission,ABG,SHR,and GG were assessed and all participants were classified according to their ***-Meier,restricted cubic splines(RCS),and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between these glycemic indicators and CVM within 30 days and long-term *** During an average of 1954 patient-years of follow-up,a total of 250 cardiovascular deaths were ***-Meier analyses showed the lowest CVM in quartile 1 of ABG and in quartile 2 of SHR and *** adjusting for potential covariates,patients in quartile 4 of ABG,SHR,and GG had a respective 1.67-fold(95%CI:1.03-2.69;P=0.036),1.80-fold(95%CI:1.16-2.79;P=0.009),and 1.78-fold(95%CI:1.14-2.79;P=0.011)higher risk of long-term CVM risk compared to those in the reference groups(quartile 1 of ABG and quartile 2 of SHR and GG).Furthermore,RCS suggested a J-shaped relationship of ABG and a Ushaped association of SHR and GG with long-term ***,we observed similar associations of these acute glycemic parameters with 30-day *** Our data first indicated that SHR and GG consistently had a U-shaped association with both 30-day and longterm CVM among the oldest old with AMI,suggesting that they may be useful for risk stratification in this special population.

关键词： admitted infarction shaped

Transdermal treatment for malignant melanoma by aptamer-modified tetrahedral framework nucleic acid delivery of vemurafenib

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 260-267页

作者： Dexuan Xiao Tianyu Chen Tianxu Zhang Sirong Shi Mei Zhang Xin Qin Yunkun Liu Longjiang Li Yunfeng Lin State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Sichuan Provincial Engineering research center of Oral Biomaterials Chengdu 610041China Department of Head and Neck Oncology National Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesWest China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Melanoma is one of the most malignant skin tumors, whose high invasion is generally associated with BRAF gene mutation. Although new chemotherapeutic drugs, such as vemurafenib, have been developed to inhibit the growth of melanoma, these drugs are usually administered intravenously or orally, resulting in toxic side effects on major tissues and organs. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids(tFNAs) are a novel type of DNA nanostructures with excellent biocompatibility and versatility which have been proven to penetrate through skin barrier with ease. In this study, we prepared t FNAs with vemurafenib and connected DNA aptamer AS1411 at the apex of t FNAs(AS1411-tFNAs/vemurafenib). On one hand, AS1411-tFNAs/vemurafenib could kill melanoma cells by blocking the mutated BRAF gene in vitro. Compared with free vemurafenib, AS1411-tFNAs/vemurafenib had no obvious toxicity to normal cells. On the other hand,AS1411-tFNAs could transfer vemurafenib to cross through the skin barrier and permeate into tumor tissues. In vivo, transdermal delivery of AS1411-t FNAs/vemurafenib could inhibit the growth of human A375melanoma, whose inhibiting effect was stronger than intravenous administration of vemurafenib. These results demonstrated the application prospects of tFNAs combined with chemotherapeutic drugs in skin tumors.

关键词： Melanoma Vemurafenib DNA nanostructure Transdermal treatment Side effect