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Xiangshao Granules Ameliorate Post-stroke Depression by Inhibiting Activation of Microglia and IDO1 Expression in Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2025年第1期31卷 28-38页

作者： LI Cheng-gang XU Lu-shan SUN Liang XU Yu-hao CAO Xiang ZHAO Chen-chen XIA Sheng-nan ZHANG Qing-xiu XU Yun Department of neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing210008China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjing210008China nanjing neurology medical center Nanjing210008China

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Xiangshao Granules(XSG)on post-stroke depression(PSD)and explore the underlying *** Forty-three C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups:sham(n=15),PSD+vehicle(n=14),and PSD+XSG(n=14)groups according to a random number *** PSD models were constructed using chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)after middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).The sham group only experienced the same surgical operation,but without MACO and CUMS *** XSG group received XSG(60 mg/kg per day)by gavage for 4 *** mice in the sham and vehicle groups were given the same volume of 0.9%saline at the same *** body weight and behavior tests including open field test,sucrose preference test,tail suspension test,and elevated plus-maze test,were used to validate the PSD mouse ***-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of *** potential molecular mechanisms were explored and verified through network pharmacology analysis,Nissl staining,Western blot,ELISA,and RT-qPCR,*** The body weight and behavior tests showed that MCAO combined with CUMS successfully established the PSD *** alleviated neuronal damage,reduced the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2(BCL-2)-associated X(BAX),and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 in PSD mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).XSG inhibited microglial activation and the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,and IL-6 via the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway in PSD mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Furthermore,XSG decreased the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase1(IDO1)and increased the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine in PSD mice(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion XSG could reverse

关键词： post-stroke depression Xiangshao Granules indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 Chinese medicine

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Mitophagy in acute central nervous system injuries:regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potentials

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2437-2453页

作者： Siyi Xu Junqiu Jia Rui Mao Xiang Cao Yun Xu Department of neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalClinical College of Jiangsu UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina nanjing neurology medical center NanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acute central nervous system injuries,including ischemic stro ke,intracerebral hemorrhage,subarachnoid hemorrhage,traumatic brain injury,and spinal co rd injury,are a major global health *** optimal therapies and improving the long-term neurological functions of patients with acute central nervous system injuries are urgent *** are susceptible to damage after acute central nervous system injury,and this leads to the release of toxic levels of reactive oxygen species,which induce cell ***,a selective form of autophagy,is crucial in eliminating redundant or damaged mitochondria during these *** evidence has highlighted the significant role of mitophagy in acute central nervous system *** this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of the process,classification,and related mechanisms of *** also highlight the recent developments in research into the role of mitophagy in various acute central nervous system injuries and drug therapies that regulate *** the final section of this review,we emphasize the potential for treating these disorders by focusing on mitophagy and suggest future research paths in this area.

关键词： autophagy intracerebral hemorrhage ischemic stroke mitochondria mitochondrial biogenesis mitochondrial quality control mitophagy spinal cord injury subarachnoid hemorrhage traumatic brain injury

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Non-coding RNAs in acute ischemic stroke:from brain to periphery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 116-129页

作者： Shuo Li Zhaohan Xu Shiyao Zhang Huiling Sun Xiaodan Qin Lin Zhu Teng Jiang Junshan Zhou Fuling Yan Qiwen Deng Department of neurology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of neurology Zhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina General Clinical Research center Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Acute ischemic stroke is a clinical emergency and a condition with high morbidity,mortality,and *** predictive,diagnostic,and prognostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for acute ischemic stroke remain *** innovations in high-throughput gene sequencing analysis,many aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)in the brain and peripheral blood after acute ischemic stroke have been found in clinical samples and experimental *** expressed ncRNAs in the post-stroke brain were demonstrated to play vital roles in pathological processes,leading to neuroprotection or deterioration,thus ncRNAs can serve as therapeutic targets in acute ischemic ***,distinctly expressed ncRNAs in the peripheral blood can be used as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction,diagnosis,and *** particular,ncRNAs in peripheral immune cells were recently shown to be involved in the peripheral and brain immune response after acute ischemic *** this review,we consolidate the latest progress of research into the roles of ncRNAs(microRNAs,long ncRNAs,and circular RNAs)in the pathological processes of acute ischemic stroke–induced brain damage,as well as the potential of these ncRNAs to act as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction,diagnosis,and *** from this review will provide novel ideas for the clinical application of ncRNAs in acute ischemic stroke.

关键词： acute ischemic stroke apoptosis blood–brain barrier damage circular RNAs excitatory toxicity long non-coding RNAs microRNAs neuroinflammation non-coding RNAs oxidative stress

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Overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor prevents neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in experimental ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 491-502页

作者： Shuai Feng Juanji Li Tingting Liu Shiqi Huang Xiangliang Chen Shen Liu Junshan Zhou Hongdong Zhao Ye Hong Department of neurology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of neurology Nanjing Jinling HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina

Neurotoxic astrocytes are a promising therapeutic target for the attenuation of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion ***-density lipoprotein receptor,a classic cholesterol regulatory receptor,has been found to inhibit NLR family pyrin domain containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome activation in neurons following ischemic stroke and to suppress the activation of microglia and astrocytes in individuals with Alzheimer’s ***,little is known about the effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor on astrocytic activation in ischemic *** address this issue in the present study,we examined the mechanisms by which low-density lipoprotein receptor regulates astrocytic polarization in ischemic stroke ***,we examined low-density lipoprotein receptor expression in astrocytes via immunofluorescence staining and western blotting *** observed significant downregulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor following middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion and oxygen-glucose deprivation/***,we induced the astrocyte-specific overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor using astrocyte-specific adeno-associated ***-density lipoprotein receptor overexpression in astrocytes improved neurological outcomes in middle cerebral artery occlusion mice and reversed neurotoxic astrocytes to create a neuroprotective ***,we found that the overexpression of low-density lipoprotein receptor inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injured astrocytes and that the addition of nigericin,an NLRP3 agonist,restored the neurotoxic astrocyte *** findings suggest that low-density lipoprotein receptor could inhibit the NLRP3-meidiated neurotoxic polarization of astrocytes and that increasing low-density lipoprotein receptor in astrocytes might represent a novel strategy for treating cerebral ischemic stroke.

关键词： inflammation ischemia/reperfusion injury ischemic stroke low-density lipoprotein receptor neuroprotective astrocytes neurotoxic astrocytes NLRP3 inflammasome polarization

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Disruption of neuronal actin barrier promotes the entry of disease-implicated proteins to exacerbate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2589-2590页

作者： Mikio Shimizu Tatsusada Okuno Department of neurology Osaka University Graduate School of MedicineSuitaJapan Department of neurology Osaka General Medical CenterOsakaJapan

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a devastating neurological disease characterized by the accumulation of aberrant proteins in motor neurons of the brain and spinal *** with ALS develop skeletal muscle weakness,resulting in death from respiratory paralysis,which usually occurs 2-4 years after clinical onset(Goutman et al.,2022).

关键词： paralysis sclerosis

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Enhancing insights into Global Cancer Statistics 2022: implications for cancer control

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 294-296页

作者： Jingtong Xu Runtian Wang Xiaoxiang Guan Department of Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

Globally,there has been a marked escalation in tumor morbidity and mortality,cementing tumors as the predominant cause of death in numerous *** the current tumor burden across various regions is imperative to discern potential risk factors and formulate efficacious strategies for tumor ***,the International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)provided a status report on the global tumor burden,estimating the incidence and mortality of 36 cancers in 185 countries(Bray et al.,2024).In this article,we will encapsulate the cancer burden across different regions and elucidate global tumor ***,we shall delve into the elucidation of potential risk factors for tumorigenesis and the prudent allocation of healthcare resources to bolster tumor control.

关键词： Cancer mortality cancer

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Frog tongue-inspired wettable microfibers for particles capture

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Science Bulletin 2025年第3期70卷 383-389页

作者： Jiahui Guo Lingyu Sun Han Zhang Yuanjin Zhao Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Shenzhen Research Institute Southeast UniversityShenzhen 518071China Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation center ChemBioMed Interdisciplinary Research CenterNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Fibers have been of great significance in our daily lives,especially in the industrial production of *** in this area has been focused on developing microfibers with superior functions to enhance the filtration performances of the ***,inspired by the frog’s predation mechanism using its tongues to swiftly grab flying insects,we propose novel porous wettable microfibers from microfluidics to efficiently capture particles in the air for *** pre-dispersing LP emulsions into polyurethane(PU),porous microfibers dispersed with oil droplets could be continuously spun from a co-flow microfluidic device based on the quick phase inversion of *** design an optimal system with frog-tongue-like interfacial adhesion properties,the wettability performances of the porous microfibers are investigated under full,partial,and no oil coverage *** implemented in a mask,the 3D patterned networks based on the frog-tongue-inspired microfibers have been proven with remarkable particle capture performances while maintaining good air *** on these features,we believe that frog-tongue-inspired microfibers and their derived masks are of practical significance in multiple applications.

关键词： Bioinspired Microfluidics Microfiber Wettability Mask

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First-episode psychiatric disorder risk from SARS-Co V-2 infection:A clinical analysis with Chinese psychiatric inpatients

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Journal of Biomedical Research 2025年第1期39卷 50-60页

作者： Ya Xie Zifeng Xu Yumin Zhang Yisheng Li Pengyu Du Chun Wang Clinical Mental Health center the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China medical School of nanjing University NanjingJiangsu 210008China

The extensive spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)throughout China in late 2022 has underscored the correlation between this virus and severe psychiatric ***,there remains a lack of reported clinical and pathological ***,we retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of psychiatric inpatients for seven days from early January ***-one inpatients who developed first-episode psychiatric disorders within two weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited,while 24 uninfected first-episode psychiatric inpatients were selected as *** analyses of clinical manifestations,routine laboratory tests,and imaging examinations were *** investigation demonstrated a 330%increase in the incidence of first-episode psychiatric inpatients after SARS-CoV-2 infection in 2023,compared with the preceding year without SARS-CoV-2 *** cases exhibited psychiatric symptoms within one week of SARS-CoV-2 infection,which resolved after approximately two weeks,with no residual symptoms after three ***-way ANOVA demonstrated a significant difference in the highest fever temperature between inpatients with and without psychotic *** inpatients displayed elevated levels of interleukin-4,interleukin-8,and interferon-α,but decreased levels of eosinophils and *** findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may contribute to the development of psychiatric disorders,likely mediated by the virus-induced inflammatory response and neuronal dysfunction in the context of psychological distress.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 psychiatric disorders inflammation interleukins

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Economic effect of China's carbon neutrality target under shared socioeconomic pathways

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 142-157页

作者： Zemiao LIU Xianjin HUANG Xinxian QI School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutrality and Territory Optimization Ministry of Natural ResourcesNanjing210023China Frontiers Science center for Critical Earth Material Cycling Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China

Economic feasibility is crucial for achieving the carbon neutrality ***,current integrated assessments often underestimate the economic impacts of mitigation policies due to the lack of consideration of their economic *** study integrates a warming-labour productivity model with a typical integrated assessment model using shared socioeconomic *** simulates China's economic development and carbon emission levels under both baseline and carbon-neutral policy scenarios,evaluating the economic costs and benefits of emission reduction policies aimed at achieving carbon *** findings reveal the following:(1)The economic costs of emission reduction policies are projected to peak between 2050 and 2060,ranging from 0.41%to 9.37%of total GDP in the baseline scenario,primarily due to increased energy prices and R&D *** costs are expected to decline rapidly after 2070.(2)China's carbon-neutral policies will mitigate global warming,with the economic benefits of mitigation projected to reach 5.65%to 17.24%of China's total GDP by 2100.(3)Lowcarbon scenarios SSP1 and SSP4 could significantly reduce initial economic costs and advance the onset of net economic gains to *** integrated assessment confirms that China's carbon neutrality target offers substantial net economic benefits in the long *** minimize initial economic costs,efforts should focus on enhancing consumption-side transitions,upgrading lowcarbon technologies,and adopting new energy sources.

关键词： Climate change China Carbon neutrality Economic effects Policy

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Timing of biomarker changes preceding Alzheimer's disease:for diagnosis,treatment or prevention?

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 575-577页

作者： Meina Quan Innovation center for Neurological Disorders and Department of neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China National medical center for Neurological Diseases and National Clinical Research center for Geriatric Diseases Beijing 100053China center of Alzheimer’s Disease Beijing Institute of Brain DisordersCollaborative Innovation Center for Brain DisordersBeijing 100053China

The pathophysiological and behavioural features of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)have been extensively investigated in transgenic mouse models,including the temporal sequence of each pathophysiological change and behavioural abnormality,a summary of which was recently presented by our team in this Journal(Li et al.,2023).Nevertheless,studying such features and timings directly in human patients before symptoms occur is challenging.

关键词： prevention Alzheimer diagnosis

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