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Management of rice straw with relay cropping of Chinese milk vetch improved double-rice cropping system production in southern China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第8期19卷 2103-2115页

作者： ZHOU Xing LIAO Yu-lin LU Yan-hong Robert MREES CAO Wei-dong NIE Jun LI Mei Crop Research Institute Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125P.R.China soil and fertilizer Institute of Hunan Province Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125P.R.China Scientific Observing and Experimental station of Arable Land Conservation(Hunan) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChangsha 410125P.R.China Scotland’s Rural College Edinburgh EH93JGUK Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and fertilizer Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China

Improved utilization of rice(Oryza sativa L.)straw and Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.,vetch)has positive effects on rice *** far,few studies have investigated the productivity of vetch under different residue management practices in double-rice cropping *** effects of rice straw on the growth and nutrient accumulation of vetch across seven years(2011–2017)and the subsequent effects of rice straw and vetch on two succeeding rice crops in a vetch–rice–rice cropping system,with the vetch established by relay cropping,were *** seven-year double-rice experiment consisted of the following treatments:(1)100%chemical fertilizer(F-F100);(2)only vetch without chemical fertilizer(M-Con);(3)80%chemical fertilizer plus vetch plus a low-cutting height(low-retained stubble)with the removal of straw(M-F80);(4)80%chemical fertilizer plus vetch plus a low-cutting height with the retention of straw(M-F80-LR);(5)80%chemical fertilizer plus vetch plus a high-cutting height(high-retained stubble)with the retention of straw(M-F80-HR);and(6)no fertilizer(F-Con).The yields of the two rice crops after vetch were not affected by either the cutting height of stubble with retention of straw or by the management of straw(retention ***)with low-cutting height of *** yields of the two rice crops after vetch were significantly higher for M-F80-HR than for M-F80-LR,but the relative contributions of the high-cutting height and straw retention to the higher rice yield could not be determined in this *** yield stability of the double-rice grain in M-F80-HR was also increased,as determined by a sustainable yield *** increases in vetch biomass and nutrient uptake were observed in the fertilized treatments during the rice season compared with the unfertilized *** M-F80-HR plots,improvements in the growing environment of the vetch by conserving soil water content were associated with the highest vetch biomass,nutrient uptake,a

关键词： double-rice cropping system Chinese milk vetch biomass productivity rice straw sustainable yield index

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绿药淫羊藿的花特征与传粉生物学研究

Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第4期16卷 106-119页

作者： Yi-Fan Qian Wen Du Lan-Ying Chen Qiu-Mei Quan Yun-Xiang Li College of Environmental Science and Engineering China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009China nanchong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Central station of Sichuan Province Nanchong 637000China Department of Languages and Literatures North Sichuan College of Preschool Teacher EducationGuangyuan 628017China College of Life Science China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637009China

植物花部特征的表达和进化是对生长环境长期适应的结果,生长环境的不同虽然会导致花部特征出现显著的差异,但是并不影响花在植物繁殖方面发挥的作用。淫羊藿属(Epimedium)植物具有雌雄异位和雌雄异熟机制,能有效地避免自交现象的发生,... 详细信息

植物花部特征的表达和进化是对生长环境长期适应的结果,生长环境的不同虽然会导致花部特征出现显著的差异,但是并不影响花在植物繁殖方面发挥的作用。淫羊藿属(Epimedium)植物具有雌雄异位和雌雄异熟机制,能有效地避免自交现象的发生,而恶劣的生长环境是否会使自交不亲和性发生改变?本文以生长于夜雨频发和潮湿环境中的绿药淫羊藿(Epimedium chlorandrum)为研究对象,通过野外观察绿药淫羊藿的花部特征和访花者,测定花粉数、胚珠数、花粉活力、柱头可授性、花蜜量和糖浓度以及人工授粉实验等方法,探究绿药淫羊藿的花部特征对其生长环境的适应性,以及花在传粉和繁殖中发挥的作用。研究结果表明,绿药淫羊藿的花朵向地生长,内萼片和高度弯曲的距共同形成了一把保护伞,保护花药和柱头免受雨水的冲刷,同时防止花蜜被雨水稀释;绿药淫羊藿的访花者共有6种,以花蜜为食的三条熊蜂(Bombus trifasciatus)是唯一的有效传粉者,其传粉效率与花蜜的含糖量呈正相关关系;绿药淫羊藿的每朵花能够分泌花蜜约17.06±0.57μL,花蜜含糖量约为29.19±0.22 g/100 mL;花粉胚珠比约为7701.30±116.85,表明绿药淫羊藿的繁育系统为专性异交类型;人工异交授粉和人工自交授粉处理均能结出可育种子,表明绿药淫羊藿是自交亲和的。综上所述,绿药淫羊藿受到夜雨频发和传粉者短缺的生长环境限制,自交亲和机制在一定程度上能够缓解花粉短缺的限制。

关键词：夜雨花特征距状花瓣三条熊蜂(Bombus trifasciatus) 自交亲和性雄蕊先熟花蜜

Sex-specifically responsive strategies to phosphorus availability combined with different soil nitrogen forms in dioecious Populus cathayana

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第4期14卷 730-748,F0003页

作者： Xiucheng Liu Yuting Wang Shuangri Liu Miao Liu Department of Ecology College of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China fertilizer and Water Technology Extension Department Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Management Station of Jinhua CityJinhua 321017China

Aims Phosphorus(P)availability and efficiency are especially important for plant growth and ***,the sex-specific P acquisition and utilization strategies of dioecious plant species under different N forms are not *** This study investigated the responsive mechanisms of dioecious Populus cathayana females and males based on P uptake and allocation to soil P supply under N deficiency,nitrate(NO3−)and ammonium(NH4+)*** Findings Females had a greater biomass,root length density(RLD),specific root length(SRL)and shoot P concentration than males under normal P availability with two N ***4+supply led to higher total root length,RLD and SRL but lower root tip number than NO3−supply under normal P *** P deficiency,males showed a smaller root system but greater photosynthetic P availability and higher leaf P remobilization,exhibiting a better capacity to adaptation to P deficiency than *** P deficiency,NO3−supply increased leaf photosynthesis and P use efficiency(PUE)but reduced RLD and SRL in females while males had higher leaf P redistribution and photosynthetic PUE than NH4+*** had a better potentiality to cope with P deficiency under NO3−supply than NH4+supply;the contrary was true for *** results suggest that females may devote to increase in P uptake and shoot P allocation under normal P availability,especially under NO3−supply,while males adopt more efficient resource use and P remobilization to maximum their tolerance to P deficiency.

关键词： dioecy photosynthetic phosphorus(P)use nitrogen form root architecture P deficiency P redistribution Populus cathayana

Advantages of nanchong City in Developing Late-maturing Citrus and Countermeasures

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Asian Agricultural Research 2018年第4期10卷 46-48页

作者： Zhen HE Guoqin WEN nanchong City Fruit Tree Technical Guidance station of Sichuan Province Nanchong 637000 China College of Life Science China West Normal University Nanchong 637000 China

nanchong City has the advantages of developing late-maturing citrus in ecology,no-quarantine diseases and insect pests,base construction starting taking shape,production and management technology becoming increasingly mature,leaders paying close attention and market recognition,and significant income increase of fruit growers. However,there are also problems such as weak infrastructure and weak anti-disaster ability,inadequate technology extension system,unmatched cold chain warehouses,and uneven quality of seedlings. Therefore,it is recommended to make scientific plan in accordance with actual local situations,regulate fine variety breeding and market supervision,build orchards with high standard and strengthen management,do a good job of propaganda and branding,improve post-harvest processing,extend the industrial chain,and issue preferential policies to promote the development of citrus industry in nanchong City.

关键词： Late-maturing citrus Advantages Problems Countermeasures nanchong City

Fertilization practices affect biological nitrogen fixation by modulating diazotrophic communities in an acidic soil in southern China

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Pedosphere 2023年第2期33卷 301-311页

作者： Long GUO Chao WANG Manman ZHENG Wenxing LI Zejiang CAI Boren WANG Juan CHEN Ren Fang SHEN State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China) Qiyang Red soil Experimental station Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQiyang 426182(China) Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098(China)

Biological nitrogen(N)fixation(BNF)driven by diazotrophs is an important pathway for N input in agricultural ***,free-living BNF and its associated diazotrophic communities under different fertilization practices in acidic soils are poorly ***,we conducted a long-term(29 years)fertilization experiment to explore how fertilization affected free-living BNF via changing biotic and abiotic *** fertilization treatments included an unfertilized control(CK),chemical N,phosphorus(P),and potassium(K)fertilizers(NPK),NPK plus lime(NPKL),NPK plus straw(NPKS),NPK plus straw and lime(NPKSL),and NPK plus manure(NPKM).Compared with CK(1.51 nmol C_(2)H_(2)g^(-1)d^(-1)),BNF rate was significantly(Psoil pH(9.9%),diazotrophic community attributes(composition,8.5%;Chao 1 index,8.1%;abundance,6.0%;Shannon index,5.7%),and soil total carbon(5.1%).Partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM)suggested that the diazotrophic community attributes and soil properties mainly provided direct and indirect contributions to the variations in BNF rates,*** dominant genera,Pelomonas,Azospirillum,and Dechloromonas,were positiv

关键词： chemical fertilizer community composition free-living N fixation long-term fertilization practices manure application soil pH

Effects of Phosphate fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Eleocharis dulcis

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2016年第1期17卷 81-84页

作者： Dan ZHENG Peng GUO Guangxi soil and fertilizer station Nanning 530007 China Institute of Agricultural Products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology Research of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430064 China

The effects of different application levels and species of phosphatic fertilizer on Eleocharis dulcis were studied. The results showed that the growth stage of Eleocharis dulcis was not significantly influenced by different levels of phosphatic fertilizer application, with phosphorus level in 195-375 kg/hm^2. With increasing of the phosphorus level, starch and total soluble sugar accumulated, but the yield was not improved significantly. The analysis on the economic benefits showed that the best phosphorus level was 195 kg/hm^2. The growth stage and yield of Eleocharis dulcis were not considerably influenced by different proportions of calcium-magnesia phosphate fertilizer and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. With increasing of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, big-fruit rate of Eleocharis dulcis kept growing, but the accumulations of starch and total soluble sugar were decreasing.

关键词： Phosphatic fertilizer Application levels Species Eleocharis dulcis

Responses of soil Bacterial Diversity to Fertilization are Driven by Local Environmental Context Across China

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Engineering 2022年第5期8卷 164-170页

作者： Youzhi Feng Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo Yongguan Zhu Xiaozeng Han Xiaori Han Xiuli Xin Wei Li Zhibing Guo Tinghui Dang Chenhua Li Bo Zhu Zejiang Cai Daming Li Jiabao Zhang State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Physical Chemicaland Natural SystemsPablo de Olavide UniversitySevilla 41013Spain State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China National Observation station of the Hailun Agroecology System Key Laboratory of Mollisols AgroecologyNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 130102China College of Land and Environment National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer ResourcesShenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China Crop Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230001China soil and fertilizer Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230001China Institute of soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityChinese Academy of Science&Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Fukang station of Desert Ecology Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert EnvironmentXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolvement and Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Qiyang Agroecosystem of the National Field Experimental station Yongzhou 426199China National Engineering Laboratory for Improving the Quality of Arable Land Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Jiangxi Institute of Red soil Nanchang 331717China

soil microbial diversity is extremely vulnerable to fertilization,which is one of the main anthropogenic activities associated with global *** we know little about how and why soil microbial diversity responds to fertilization across contrasting local ecological *** knowledge is fundamental for predicting changes in soil microbial diversity in response to ongoing global *** analyzed soils from ten 20-year field fertilization(organic and/or inorganic)experiments across China and found that the national-scale responses of soil bacterial diversity to fertilization are dependent on ecological *** acidic soils from regions with high precipitation and soil fertility,inorganic fertilization can result in further acidification,resulting in negative impacts on soil bacterial *** comparison,organic fer-tilization causes a smaller disturbance to soil bacterial *** the overall role of environmental contexts in driving soil microbial diversity,a small group of bacterial taxa were found to respond to fer-tilization in a consistent way across contrasting regions throughout *** such as Nitrosospira and Nitrososphaera,which benefit from nitrogen fertilizer addition,as well as Chitinophagaceae,Bacilli,and phototrophic bacteria,which respond positively to organic fertilization,could be used as bioindicators for soil fertility in response to fertilization at the national ***,our work provides new insights into the importance of local environmental context in determining the responses of soil microbial diver-sity to fertilization,and identifies regions with acidic soils wherein soil microbial diversity is more vul-nerable to fertilization at the national scale.

关键词： Nutrient addition Anthropogenic activity Biodiversity soil pH

Effects of Three Nitrification Inhibitors on the Nitrogen Conversion in Purple soil and Its Effect on the Nitrogen Uptake of Citrus Seedlings

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第6期9卷 655-669页

作者： Wenli Li Zhenzhen Zhang Danping Li Chaoyi Guo Yujiang Li Min Yang Xiaojun Shi Yueqiang Zhang College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Chongqing China Academy of Agricultural Sciences Southwest University Chongqing China National Monitoring station of soil Fertility and fertilizer Efficiency on Purple soils Chongqing China

Experiments were carried out to study the effects of nitrification inhibitors (NI) on the transformation of soil nitrogen (N) in purple soil and the effects on the N accumulation in different organs of citrus seedlings. In incubation and pot experiments, the rate of nitrification inhibitors 2-chloro-6-trichloro-methyl pyridine (Nitrapyrin), 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and dicyandiamide (DCD) was 2.4%, 1.0% and 5.0% of N rate, respectively. The trend of different nitrification inhibitors on ammonium nitrogen ( NH+4-N ), nitrate nitrogen ( NO-3-N ) content and pH was compared in incubation experiment;and the effect of different NI on the dry matter quality, N uptake of citrus seedling was studied in pot experiment. The results showed that NI could significantly inhibit soil nitrification in the early culture period (p DMPP > En (calculated as nitrogen application rate). Application of NI increased the height and dry matter accumulation, N accumulation of citrus seedling grown in pot experiment. Thus, application of NI would be helpful for improving N use efficiency in purple soil which is one of major soil types for citrus production in China.

关键词： Citrus Nitrification Inhibitors soil Nitrogen

Distribution of soil Nutrients in Se-rich Areas of Hainan Island

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2018年第4期7卷 157-160,171页

作者： Qing MAI Tingzhong WANG Huande FENG Dengfeng WANG Agricultural Science Institute of Tunchang Tunchang 571600China Hainan soil and fertilizer station Haikou 570203China Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute CATASDanzhou 571737China

[Objectives] The aim was to reveal the distribution of soil nutrients in Se-rich area of Hainan and to clarify their specific contents, so as to provide references for the development of Se-rich area agriculture in Hainan.[Methods] With the se-rich area in Hainan as the object, field investigation and indoor analysis were combined to elucidate the nutrient status of cultivated soil in the area and analyze its nutrient distribution.[Results] The soil in the se-rich area in Hainan province was generally acidic with the average soil pH value of 5.0. The difference in soil pH between different landforms and different altitudes was not significant, ranging from 4.9 to 5.3. soil available P and available K contents were low to intermediate, and the soil available N content was moderate. The farming system, chemical fertilizer application structure and meteorological factors were the main causes of the distribution of soil nutrient elements. The soil exchangeable calcium and magnesium content was rich, and the distribution of trace elements in the arable soil of different terrains and elevations was closely related to the distribution of soil parent material in the region. The increase of soil organic matter content in arable land could be achieved by increasing the application of organic fertilizer and guiding the farmers to enhance the application of straws to fields.[Conclusions] The application of soil N, P and K fertilizers should be combined with the application of soil organic fertilizers to improve the soil fertility of cultivated land.

关键词： Hainan selenium-rich area soil nutrient spatial distribution