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Evaluation of the TbgI_(2) and TbgI_(17) Tandem Repeat Antigens as Potential Antigens for the Diagnosis of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2019年第4期9卷 152-163页

作者： Vanessa Irumva Rebecca Waihenya Anne Wanjiru Mwangi Peter Kipkemboi Satoshi Kaneko Tonny Teya Joanne Jepkemei Caroline Njoroge Joseph Wambugu Gitari Matthew Mutinda Munyao Robinson MIrekwa Murima Ng’ang’a Samson Muuo Nzou Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Pan-African University Institute of Basic SciencesTechnology and InnovationNairobiKenya Zoology Department Jomo Kenyatta University for Agriculture and TechnologyNairobiKenya nagasaki university institute of tropical medicine-kenya medical research institute project NairobiKenya Production Department-kenya medical research institute NairobiKenya institute of tropical medicine Eco-Epidemiology DepartmentNagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan Division of Vector Borne and Neglected tropical Diseases.Ministry of Health NairobiKenya Centre for Microbiology research Kenya Medical Research InstituteBusiaKenya

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) affects up to half a million people every year in sub-Saharan Africa. Interruption of transmission of the disease by early diagnosis and treatment is core to the control and eventual elimination of HAT. The routine diagnostic method for HAT is light microscopy of blood samples. The present study sought to evaluate the potential of TbgI2 and TbgI17 tandem repeat antigens as candidates for the diagnosis of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. The expressed proteins were purified and the antigenic reactivity evaluation was done using multiplex assay using sera obtained from HAT patients. Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that recombinant antigen, TbgI2 had high sensitivity for sera from patients infected with T. b. rhodesiense with the area under the curve being 0.577 and a sensitivity of 0.641 and specificity 0.650. The results suggest that TbgI2 is a potential biomarker for T. b. rhodesiense HAT serodiagnostic tests.

关键词： Human African Trypanosomiasis TbgI2 TbgI17 Antigens Diagnosis Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

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Traditional Chinese medicine etiology and pathogenesis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected Chinese rhesus macaques

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Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2012年第4期32卷 609-615页

作者： Maoqing Li Linchun Fu Yinjie Hu Miaomiao Zhang Jinyang He Zhixi Chen Jinyan Chen tropical medicine institute Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Department of Nuclear medicine Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineBaiyun District

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） etiology and pathogenesis of ac- quired immune deficiency syndrome （AIDS） by 18-month observation of Chinese rhesus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus （SIV） mac239. METHODS： Thirty-five healthy Chinese rhesus ma- caques were divided into a model group （n=30） and a control group （n=5）. The model was estab- lished by inoculating monkeys intravenously with SIVmac239. Changes in TCM symptoms after SIV in- fection within 18 months were then observed and recorded. Routine blood tests, SIV viral load, T-lym-phocyte subsets, plasma triiodothyronine （T3）, tet- raiodothyronine （14）, adrenocorticotropic hormone （ACTH） and cortisol （Cor） were tested periodically during the experiment. RESULTS： During the acute infection period of SIV, model monkeys temporarily showed clinical symp- toms such as diarrhea, dysphoria and slight weight loss. Decrease percentages of CD4~ T-lymphocytes were observed but levels of T3, 14, Cot, and ACTH were relatively unchanged. Monkeys in the model group during the early and middle periods of infec- tion showed no obvious symptoms, except few monkeys exhibited transient diarrhea and reduced food intake. All variables at this stage showed nor- mal fluctuations. In the middle period model group monkeys showed chronic and persistent diarrhea, weight loss, reduced food intake and low levels of 13 and Cot. In the late period, symptoms including emaciation, weight loss, listlessness, crouching in corners and low levels of T3appeared. CONCLUSION： The results suggest that the rhesus monkey SIWSAIDS model can be applied to re- search on TCM etiology and pathogenesis of AIDS. According to this model, the etiology of disease is the SIV virus. The pathogenesis manifests as the in- vasion of SIV virus, incubation of the virus, balance between virus and healthy ＂Qi＂, damage to spleen and kidney as the disease progressed, exhaustion of vitality and finally the failure of five zang an

关键词： Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Etiological factors Pathogenesis Simian im-munodeficiency virus Macaca mulatta

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Growth and mineral nutrient analysis of teak (Tectona grandis) grown on acidic soils in south China

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Journal of Forestry research 2017年第3期28卷 503-511页

作者： Zaizhi Zhou Shichao Liu Kunnan Liang Huaming Ma Guihua Huang research institute of tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry

Teak （Tectona grandis L.f.） is widely planted in the world due to its high market demand, economic, ecological and social value. Its plantations have mostly been established and expanded into sites that are acidic to severely acidic in southern China. But, there are no available and specific evidence-based nutrient management techniques. To better recognize and understand the relationship between teak tree growth and nutrient content in the foliage and soil and establish nutrient norms are critical to optimally manage these young plantations. We studied the foliar nutrient and soil chemistry in 19 representative teak plantations aged 5-8 years. Regression analysis indicated that the mean annual increment of teak volume was linearly and positively correlated with foliar N, Ca, Fe and B concentrations, with soil base saturation percentage, available P and Zn concentrations, and negatively correlated with soil Al concentration. Only if the Ca and Mg contents in soil were enhanced, could the increase in soil base saturation percentage benefit teak growth. A revised classification of low-and high-yielding stands was established by using a sorting method of principal components over 6 foliar macro and 8 micro elements in a Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System （DRIS）. Specific DRIS norms for teak plantations in acid soils were derived. The nutrient balance of N, P, K Ca, Mg, Zn, B with Fe or A1, Ca with Mg, and Fe with AI provided a key to promote the growth of teak in acid soils. Meanwhile, soil Zn was also found as a primary trace element that affected teak growth in this study.

关键词： Acid soils DRIS diagnosis and norm Mineral nutrient relationship Plant mineral nutrition Soil properties Teak

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Cytochalasin D,a tropical fungal metabolite,inhibits CT26 tumor growth and angiogenesis

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2012年第3期5卷 169-174页

作者： Feng-Ying Huang Yue-Nan Li Wen-Li Mei Hao-Fu Dai Peng Zhou Guang-Hong Tan Agriculture College Hainan University Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of tropical medicine Hainan Medical College institute of tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Objective:To investigate whether eytochalasin D can induce antitumor activities in a tumor ***:Murine CT26 colorectal carcinoma cells were cultured hi vitro and cytochalasin D was used as a cytotoxic agent to detect its capabilities of inhibiting CT26 cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis by MTT and a TUNEL-based apoptosis *** CT26 tumor model was established to observe the tumor growth and survival *** tissues were used to detect the mierovessel density by *** addition,alginate encapsulated tumor cell assay was used to quantify the tumor angiogenesis in ***:Cytochalasin D inhibited CT26 tumor cell proliferation in lime and dose dependent manner and induced signiflcanl CT26 cell apoptosis,which almost reached the level induced by the positive control *** optimum effective dose of cytochalasin D for in vivo therapy was about 50 mg/*** D in vivo treatment significandy inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the survival times in CT26 tumor-bearing *** results of immunohistochemistry analysis and alginate encapsulation assay indicated that the cytochalasin D could effectively inhibited tumor angiogenesis. Conclusions:Cytochalasin D inhibits CT26 tumor growth potentially through inhibition of cell proliferation,induction of cell apoptosis and suppression of tumor angiogenesis.

关键词： Cytochalasin D CT26 colorectal carcinoma Apoptosis Tumor angiogenesis

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Toxicarioside A,isolated from tropical Antiaris toxicaria,blocks endoglin/TGF-βsignaling in a bone marrow stromal cell line

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical medicine 2012年第2期5卷 91-97页

作者： Yue-Nan Li Feng-Ying Huang Wen-Li Mei Hao-Fu Dai Jun-Li Guo Guang-Hong Tan Peng Zhou Agriculture College Hainan University Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of tropical medicine Hainan Medical College institute of tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Objective:To investigate possible mechanism of toxicarioside A in HS-5 bone stromal ***:HS-5 bone stromal cells were cultured in media supplemented with various concentrations of toxicarioside A or control DMSO(not treatment).Endoglin and TGF-βwere detected by Northern and Western blot analysis and quantified in a standard method. Downstream molecules of endoglin and TGF-β(Smad1,Smad2 and their active phosphorylated counterparts,pSmad1 and pSmad2) were also detected and quantified by Western blot analysis. In addition,cell proliferation assay and small interfering RNA(siRNA) against endoglin were used to certificate the function of endolgin in the HS-5 ***:Compared with the not treated(0μg/mL) or DMSO treated control HS-5 cells,HS-5 cells treated with toxicarioside A were found significant attenuation of endolgin and TGF-β*** inhibition of cell proliferation was also found in the HS-5 cells treated with toxicarioside ***1-related Smad1 and ALK5-related Smad2 were decreased in HS-5 cells treated with toxicarioside *** addition,phosphorylated Smad1(pSmad1) and Smad2(pSmad2) were also found attenuation in toxicarioside A-treated HS-5 *** interference showed that blockage of endoglin by siRNA also decreased Smad1 and Smad2 expression in HS-5 ***:Our results indicate that toxicarioside A can influence bone marrow stromal HS-5’s function and inhibit HS-5 cell proliferation by alteration of endoglin-related ALK1(Smad1) and ALK5(Smad2) signaling.

关键词： Toxicarioside A Endoglin Transforming growth factor-β Signal pathway Cell proliferation

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Co-morbidity of malnutrition with falciparum malaria parasitaemia among children under the aged 6-59 months in Somalia:a geostatistical analysis

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 714-722页

作者： Damaris K.Kinyoki Grainne M.Moloney Olalekan A.Uthman Elijah O.Odundo Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala Abdisalan M.Noor Robert W.Snow James A.Berkley Spatial Health Metrics Group INFORM ProjectKenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research ProgrammeNairobiKenya Nutrition Section United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF)Kenya Country OfficeUN Complex GigiriNairobiKenya Warwick medical School Health Sciences Research InstituteWarwick EvidenceUniversity of WarwickGibbet HillCoventry CV47ALUK Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit(FSNAU)-Somalia Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsNgecha Road CampusNairobiKenya Department of Mathematics and Information sciences Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences University of AgderKristiansandNorway Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa kenya medical research institute/Wellcome Trust research Programme Centre for Geographic Medicine Research(coast)KilifiKenya Centre for tropical medicine and Global Health Nuffield Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of OxfordCCVTMOxford OX37LJUK

Background:Malnutrition and malaria are both significant causes of morbidity and mortality in African ***,the extent of their spatial comorbidity remains unexplored and an understanding of their spatial correlation structure would inform improvement of integrated *** aimed to determine the spatial correlation between both wasting and low mid upper arm circumference(MUAC)and falciparum malaria among Somalian children aged 6-59 ***:Data were from 49227 children living in 888 villages between 2007 to *** developed a Bayesian geostatistical shared component model in order to determine the common spatial distributions of wasting and falciparum malaria;and low-MUAC and falciparum malaria at 1×1 km spatial ***:The empirical correlations with malaria were 0.16 and 0.23 for wasting and low-MUAC *** spatial residual effects were statistically significant for both wasting and *** posterior spatial relative risk was highest for low-MUAC and malaria(range:0.19 to 5.40)and relatively lower between wasting and malaria(range:0.11 to 3.55).Hotspots for both wasting and low-MUAC with malaria occurred in the South Central region in ***:The findings demonstrate a relationship between nutritional status and falciparum malaria parasitaemia,and support the use of the relatively simpler MUAC measurement in *** spatial distribution and distinct hotspots present opportunities for targeted seasonal chemoprophylaxis and other forms of malaria prevention integrated within nutrition programmes.

关键词： Malnutrition Wasting Low-MUAC Malaria Comorbidity Somalia

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PRELIMINARY STUDY ON CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS OF CALVES IN SUBURBAN DISTRICT OF BEIJING

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1989年第24期34卷 2071-2073页

作者：吴跃生王正仪张月清 Beijing tropical medicine research institute Beijing 100050 PRC

Cryptosporidiosis, azoonosis caused by Cryptosporidium spp., is a newly recognized coccidial protozoan infection, which olden induces protracted watery diarrhea and malnutrition in a wide range of vertebrates and man. Its distribution is worldwide. The situation of this infection in China is, however, practically unknown. This note deals with a preliminary survey of Cryptosporidiosis in calves in suburban district of Beijing.

关键词： Cryptosporidiosis calf.

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Induction of CD69 expression by cag PAI-positive Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第32期17卷 3691-3699页

作者： Naoki Mori Chie Ishikawa Masachika Senba Department of Microbiology and Oncology Graduate School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Okinawa 903-0215 Japan Department of Internal medicine Omoromachi Medical Center 1-3-1 Uenoya Naha Okinawa 900-0011 Japan Transdisciplinary research Organization for Subtropics and Island Studies University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Okinawa 903-0213 Japan Department of Pathology Institute of Tropical Medicine Nagasaki University Nagasaki 852-8523 Japan

AIM: To investigate and elucidate the molecular mechanism that regulates inducible expression of CD69 by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection. METHODS: The expression levels of CD69 in a T-cell line, Jurkat, primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and CD4 + T cells, were assessed by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry. Activation of CD69 promoter was detected by reporter gene. Nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in Jurkat cells infected with H. pylori was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The role of NF-κB signaling in H. pylori-induced CD69 expression was analyzed using inhibitors of NF-κB and dominant-negative mutants. The isogenic mutants with disrupted cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI) and virD4 were used to elucidate the role of cag PAI-encoding type Ⅳ secretion system and CagA in CD69 ***: CD69 staining was detected in mucosal lymphocytes and macrophages in specimens of pa- tients with H. pylori-positive gastritis. Although cag PAI- positive H. pylori and an isogenic mutant of virD4 induced CD69 expression, an isogenic mutant of cag-PAI failed to induce this in Jurkat cells. H. pylori also induced CD69 expression in PBMCs and CD4 + T cells. The activation of the CD69 promoter by H. pylori was mediated through NF-κB. Transfection of dominant-negative mutants of IκBs, IκB kinases, and NF-κB-inducing kinase inhibited H. pylori-induced CD69 activation. Inhibitors of NF-κB suppressed H. pylori-induced CD69 mRNA expression. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that H. pylori induces CD69 expression through the activation of NF-κB. cagPAI might be relevant in the induction of CD69 expression in T cells. CD69 in T cells may play a role in H. pylori-induced gastritis.

关键词： CD69 T cells Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island Nuclear factor-κB

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A novel animal model for in vivo study of liver cancer metastasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3875-3882页

作者： Shinsuke Fujiwara Hikaru Fujioka Chise Tateno Ken Taniguchi Masahiro Ito Hiroshi Ohishi Rie Utoh Hiromi Ishibashi Takashi Kanematsu Katsutoshi Yoshizato Clinical research Center National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center and Division of HepatologyNagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki 856-8652Japan Liver research Laboratory PhoenixBio Co.LtdHiroshima 739-8511Japan Yoshizato project CLUSTERHiroshima Prefectural Institute of Industrial Science and TechnologyHiroshima 739-8511Japan Division of Surgery Ⅱ Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki 856-8652Japan Liver research Center Osaka City UniversityGraduate School of MedicineOsaka 532-0025Japan

AIM:To establish an animal model with human hepatocyte-repopulated liver for the study of liver cancer ***:Cell transplantation into mouse livers was conducted using alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)-producing hu-man gastric cancer cells(h-GCCs) and h-hepatocytes as donor cells in a transgenic mouse line expressing urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA) driven by the albumin enhancer/promoter crossed with a severe combined immunodeficient(SCID) mouse line(uPA/SCID mice).Host mice were divided into two groups(A and B).Group A mice were transplanted with h-GCCs alone,and group B mice were transplanted with h-GCCs and h-hepatocytes *** replacement index(RI),which is the ratio of transplanted h-GCCs and h-hepatocytes that occupy the examined area of a histological section,was estimated by measuring h-AFP and h-albumin concentrations in sera,respectively,as well as by immunohistochemical analyses of h-AFP and human cytokeratin 18 in histological ***:The h-GCCs successfully engrafted,repopulated,and colonized the livers of mice in group A(RI = 22.0% ± 2.6%).These mice had moderately differentiated adenocarcinomatous lesions with disrupted glandular structures,which is a characteristics feature of gastric *** serum h-AFP level reached 211.0 ± 142.2 g/mL(range,7.1-324.2 g/mL).In group B mice,the h-GCCs and h-hepatocytes independently engrafted,repopulated the host liver,and developed colonies(RI = 12.0% ± 6.8% and 66.0% ± 12.3%,respectively).h-GCC colonies also showed typical adenocarcinomatous glandular structures around the *** mice survived for the full 56 day-study and did not exhibit any metastasis of h-GCCs in the extrahepatic regions during the observational *** mice with an h-hepatocyte-repopulated liver possessed metastasized h-GCCs and therefore could be a useful humanized liver animal model for studying liver cancer metastasis in ***:A novel animal model of human liver cancer metastas

关键词： Urokinase-type plasminogen activator/severe combined immunodeficient mouse Mouse with humanized liver Liver cancer metastasis Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer cells

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Thermal degradation of epoxidized natural rubber in presence of neodymium stearate

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Journal of Rare Earths 2013年第5期31卷 526-530页

作者：罗勇悦杨昌金陈帮乾许逵钟杰平彭政吕臻王庆煌 Chinese Agricultural Ministry Key Laboratory of tropical Crop Product Processing Agricultural Product Processing Research InstituteChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Rubber research institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences School of Science Guangdong Ocean University

The effect of neodymium stearate （NdSt） synthesized by saponification method on thermal degradation and thermo-oxidative degradation of expoxidized natural rubber with 25 mol.% epoxidation （ENR25） was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）, and the structure of ENR25 vulcanized with NdSt after thermo-oxidative decomposition was characterized using Fourier transform infared spectroscopy-attenuated total-reflectance （FTIR-ATR）. The thermal degradation kinetic parameters of ENR25 with different loadings of NdSt were determined by Coats-Redfern method. The results showed that the thermal degradation of ENR25 in nitrogen was a one-step reaction regardless of NdSt content, whereas the thermo-oxidative degradation was a multiple-step reaction. The thermal and thermo-oxidative stability of the ENR25 vulcanizates with the addition of NdSt was higher than that of pure ENR25 vulcanizates. The ENR25 vulcanizates with the incorporation of 1 phr （per hundred parts of rubber） NdSt imparted the highest activa- tion energy （E） of thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation. This could be attributed to the many unoccupied orbits in rare earth Nd, which could capture the free radicals and make the epoxide groups stable in the process of thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation for ENR25.

关键词： neodymium stearate ENR25 thermal degradation thermo-oxidative degradation kinetic rare earths 1

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