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Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements

Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan Xue Xiaofeng Cao Xiangsong Chen Xian Deng Xingwang Deng Yong Ding Aiwu Dong Chengguo Duan Xiaofeng Fang Lei Gong Zhizhong Gong Xiaofeng Gu Chongsheng He Hang He Shengbo He Xinjian He Yan He Yuehui He Guifang Jia Danhua Jiang Jianjun Jiang Jinsheng Lai Zhaobo Lang Chenlong Li Qing Li Xingwang Li Bao Liu Bing Liu Xiao Luo Yijun Qi Weiqiang Qian Guodong Ren Qingxin Song Xianwei Song Zhixi Tian Jiawei Wang Yuan Wang Liang Wu Zhe Wu Rui Xia Jun Xiao Lin Xu Zhengyi Xu Wenhao Yan Hongchun Yang Jixian Zhai Yijing Zhang Yusheng Zhao Xuehua Zhong Daoxiu Zhou Ming Zhou Yue Zhou Bo Zhu Jiankang Zhu Qikun Liu College of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Biology Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed Hunan University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural University National Institute of Biological Sciences Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life Sciences Henan University State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding National Maize Improvement Center Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding China Agricultural University Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural University Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Institute of Advan

Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Over the past two decades,our comprehension of these complex regulatory processes has expanded remarkably, producing a substantial body of knowledge on both locus-specific mechanisms and genome-wide regulatory patterns. Studies initially grounded in the model plant Arabidopsis have been broadened to encompass a diverse array of crop species, revealing the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in physiological and agronomic traits. With recent technological advancements, epigenetic regulations at the single-cell level and at the large-scale population level are emerging as new focuses. This review offers an in-depth synthesis of the diverse epigenetic regulations, detailing the catalytic machinery and regulatory functions. It delves into the intricate interplay among various epigenetic elements and their collective influence on the modulation of crop traits. Furthermore, it examines recent breakthroughs in technologies for epigenetic modifications and their integration into strategies for crop improvement. The review underscores the transformative potential of epigenetic strategies in bolstering crop performance, advocating for the development of efficient tools to fully exploit the agricultural benefits of epigenetic insights.

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Constitutive expression of human coagulating factor IX in HeLa cells by homologous recombination of the promoter

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2001年第1期44卷 18-24页

作者：杨晓青王飞王颖卢大儒邱信芳薛京伦 1. State Key Laboratory of genetics Engineering Institute of Genetics School of Life Sciences Fudan University 200433 Shanghai China

Constitutive expression of hFIX protein in nonhepatocytes wasstudied. The gene targeting vector was constructed and transferred into HeLa cells. With the detection system of PCR, we demonstrated that the endogenous hFIX promoter was replaced with an hCMV promoter when targeted insertion of the constructor was directed by the sequence homology. The expression of hFIX in the modified HeLa cells, 11.2 ng/106 cell/24 h, strongly suggested that hFIX gene could be activated by a powerful promoter in nonhepatocytes. The results would make it possible to examine the feasibility of re-regulate gene expression by promoter replacement.

关键词： human clotting factor IX constitutive expression homologous recombination promoter.

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Distinct roles of two RDL GABA receptors in fipronil action in the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella)

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Insect Science 2021年第6期28卷 1721-1733页

作者： Ben-Jie Li Kun-Kun Wang Dong-Pina Chen Ying Yan Xu-Ling Cai Hui-Min Chen Ke Dong Fei Lin Han-Hong Xu State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources/Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology Ministry of Education SouthChina Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China Department of Entomology Genetics Program and Neuroscience ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingM148824USA

The phenylpyrazole insecticide fipronil blocks resistance to dieldrin(RDL)γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)receptors in insects,thereby impairing inhibitory *** insect species,such as the diamondback moth(Plutella xylostella),possess more than one Rdl *** involvement of multiple Rdls in fipronil toxicity and resistance remains largely *** this study,we investigated the roles of two Rdl genes,PxRdl1 and PxRdl2,in *** fipronil *** Xenopus oocytes,RvRDL2 receptors were 40 times less sensitive to fipronil than ***2 receptors were also less sensitive to GABA compared with *** of the fipronil-sensitive PxRdll reduced the fipronil potency 10-fold,whereas knockout of the fipronil-resistant PxRdl2 enhanced the fipronil potency ***,in two fipronil-resistant diamondback moth field populations,PxRdl2 expression was elevated 3.7-and 4.1-fold compared with a susceptible strain,whereas PxRdl1 expression was comparable among the resistant and susceptible ***,our results indicate antagonistic effects of PxRDLl and PxRDL2 on fipronil action in vivo and suggest that enhanced expression of fipronil-resistant PxRdl1 is potentially a new mechanism of fipronil resistance in insects.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 fipronil Plutella xylostella RDL

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The potential of plant proteins as antifungal agents for agricultural applications

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第4期7卷 1075-1083页

作者： Tiffany Chiu Theo Poucet Yanran Li Graduate program in genetics GenomicsAnd Bioinformatics1140 Batchelor HallUniversity of California RiversideCalifornia92521USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaRiversideCA92521USA

Fungal pathogens induce a variety of diseases in both plants and post-harvest food crops,resulting in significant crop losses for the agricultural *** the usage of chemical-based fungicides is the most common way to control these diseases,they damage the environment,have the potential to harm human and animal life,and may lead to resistant fungal ***,there is an urgent need for diverse and effective agricultural fungicides that are environmentally-and *** have evolved various mechanisms in their innate immune system to defend against fungal pathogens,including soluble proteins secreted from plants with antifungal *** proteins can inhibit fungal growth and infection through a variety of mechanisms while exhibiting diverse functionality in addition to antifungal *** this mini review,we summarize and discuss the potential of using plant antifungal proteins for future agricultural applications from the perspective of bioengineering and biotechnology.

关键词： antifungal potential crops

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Development and molecular cytogenetic identification of a new wheat-rye 6RL ditelosomic addition and 1R(1B)substitution line with powderymildew resistance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 72-84页

作者： Guohao Han Jing Wang Hanwen Yan Lijun Cao Shiyu Liu Xiuquan Li Yilin Zhou Wei Liu Tiantian Gu Zhipeng Shi Hong Liu Lihui Li Diaoguo An Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050022China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of AgriculturalSciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Innovation Academy of Seed Design Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Powdery mildew is a serious disease caused by Blumeria graminis ***(Bgt)that critically threatens the yield and quality of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).Using effective powdery mildew resistance genes is the optimal method for controlling this *** the background of high genetic homogeneity among the modern commercial cultivars that are mainly derived from conventional interbreeding,the resistance genes from wheat relatives have especially prominent *** triticale,produced from common wheat and rye(Secale cereale L.)through distant hybridization,is a new synthetic species and valuable gene donor for wheat *** this study,we developed the wheat-rye line YT5 through the hybridization of octaploid triticale and two wheat ***5 was confirmed to be a 6RL ditelosomic addition and 1R(1B)substitution line using genomic in situ hybridization(GISH),multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization(mc-FISH),multicolor GISH(mc-GISH)and molecular marker *** analysis showed that the powdery mildew resistance in YT5 was derived from the rye chromosome arm *** inoculation with different Bgt isolates at the seedling stage,YT5 had compound reaction patterns with both obvious spores and hypersensitivity,and it gradually became highly resistant until the adult-plant stage,thus showing a resistance response significantly different from the reported Pm genes from rye chromosome ***5 also showed promising agronomic performance,so it is expected to be an elite resistance donor for wheat *** promote the transfer of the chromosome arm 6RL of YT5 in marker-assisted selection(MAS)breeding,we selected and verified two 6RL-specific kompetitive allelespecific PCR(KASP)markers that can be applied to efficiently detect this chromosome arm in different wheat backgrounds.

关键词： powdery mildew common wheat Triticale 6RL ditelosomic addition line agronomic performance marker-assisted selection(MAS)

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G2/M inhibitors as pharmacotherapeutic opportunities for glioblastoma:the old,the new,and the future

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cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第4期15卷 354-374页

作者： Angel Mauricio Castro-Gamero Julia Alejandra Pezuk Maria Sol Brassesco Luiz Gonzaga Tone Human genetics Laboratory Institute of Natural SciencesFederal University of Alfenas(UNIFAL-MG)Alfenas 37130-001Brazil Biotechnology and Innovation in Health program and Pharmacy program Anhanguera University Sao Paulo(UNIANSP)Sao Paulo 05145-200Brazil Department of Biology Faculty of PhilosophySciences and Letters at Ribeirao PretoUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao Preto 14040-901Brazil Department of Pediatrics Department of genetics Ribeirao Preto School of MedicineUniversity of Sao PauloRibeirao Preto 14049-900Brazil

Glioblastoma(GBM) is one of the deadliest tumors and has a median survival of 3 months if left untreated. Despite advances in rationally targeted pharmacological approaches, the clinical care of GBM remains palliative in intent. Since the majority of altered signaling cascades involved in cancer establishment and progression eventually affect cell cycle progression, an alternative approach for cancer therapy is to develop innovative compounds that block the activity of crucial molecules needed by tumor cells to complete cell division. In this context, we review promising ongoing and future strategies for GBM therapeutics aimed towards G2/M inhibition such as anti-microtubule agents and targeted therapy against G2/M regulators like cyclin-dependent kinases,Aurora inhibitors, PLK1, BUB, 1, and BUBR1, and survivin. Moreover, we also include investigational agents in the preclinical and early clinical settings. Although several drugs were shown to be gliotoxic, most of them have not yet entered therapeutic trials. The use of either single exposure or a combination with novel compounds may lead to treatment alternatives for GBM patients in the near future.

关键词： Chemotherapy PLK1 AURK survivin BUB BUR1

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Effect of Recql5 deficiency on the intestinal tumor susceptibility of Apc^(min) mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第12期16卷 1482-1486页

作者： Yiduo Hu,Xincheng Lu,Guangbin Luo,Department of genetics,Case Comprehensive cancer Center and University Hospitals of Cleveland,Case Western Reserve University,Cleveland,OH 44106,United States Yiduo Hu,Department of cancer Biology,Dana-Farber cancer Institute,Boston,MA 02115,United States Department of genetics Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and University Hospitals of Cleveland Case Western Reserve University 10900 Euclid Avenue Cleveland OH 44106 United States. guangbin.luo@case.edu

AIM:To investigate whether Recql5,a DNA helicase that plays an important role in the maintenance of genome integrity,is a tumor suppressor in the gastrointestinal tract in ***:We generated cohorts of both Recql5-proficient and Recql5-deficient Apcmin/+mice and compared the tumor susceptibility in their gastrointestinal ***:Recql5 deficiency in Apcmin/+mice resulted in a significant increase in the tumor incidence in both the colon(P=0.0162)and the small intestine(Pmouse Recql5 and human RECQL5 are highly conserved,these findings also suggest that RECQL5 may be a tu-mor suppressor for human colon ***:Recql5 has a tumor suppression role in the mouse gastrointestinal tract.

关键词： Recql5 Apc Tumor suppressor Genome instability Colon cancer Apcmin/+mice

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Resident immune responses to spinal cord injury:role of astrocytes and microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1678-1685页

作者： Sydney Brockie Cindy Zhou Michael G.Fehlings Division of genetics and Development Krembil Research InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada Institute of Medical Science University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Division of Neurosurgery and Spine program Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Spinal cord injury can be traumatic or non-traumatic in origin,with the latter rising in incidence and prevalence with the aging demographics of our *** r,as the global population ages,individuals with co-existent degenerative spinal pathology comprise a growing number of traumatic spinal cord injury cases,especially involving the cervical spinal *** makes recovery and treatment approaches particula rly challenging as age and comorbidities may limit regenerative *** these reasons,it is critical to better understand the complex milieu of spinal cord injury lesion pathobiology and the ensuing inflammatory *** review discusses microglia-specific purinergic and cytokine signaling pathways,as well as microglial modulation of synaptic stability and plasticity after ***,we evaluate the role of astrocytes in neurotransmission and calcium signaling,as well as their border-forming response to neural *** the inflammatory and reparative roles of these cells have eluded our complete understanding and remain key therapeutic targets due to their extensive structural and functional roles in the nervous *** advances have shed light on the roles of glia in neurotransmission and reparative injury responses that will change how interventions are *** key processes and existing knowledge gaps will allow future research to effectively target these cells and harness their regenerative potential.

关键词： astrocytes glial signaling microglia spinal cord injury synaptic transmission

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Cloning and stage-specific expression of CK-M1 gene during metamorphosis of Japanese flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第3期28卷 558-564页

作者：陈妍婕张全启齐洁王志刚王旭波孙业盈钟其旺李朔李春梅 Laboratory of Marine genetics and Breeding Ocean University of China

The symmetrical body of flatfish larvae changes dramatically into an asymmetrical form after metamorphosis. The molecular mechanisms responsible for this change are poorly understood. As an initial step to clarify these mechanisms, we used representational difference analysis of cDNA for the identification of genes active during metamorphosis in the Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olicaceus. One of the up-regulated genes was identified as creatine kinase muscle type 1 (CK-M1). Sequence analysis of CK-M1 revealed that it spanned 1 708 bp and encoded a protein of 382 amino acids. The overall amino acid sequence of the CK-M1 was highly conserved with those of other organisms. CK-M1 was expressed in adult fish tissues, including skeletal muscle, intestine and gill. Whole mount in-situ hybridization showed that the enhanced expression of CK-M1 expanded from the head to the whole body of larvae as metamorphosis progressed. Quantitative analysis revealed stage-specific high expression of CK-M1 during metamorphosis. The expression level of CK-M1 increased initially and peaked at metamorphosis, decreased afterward, and finally returned to the pre-metamorphosis level. This stage-specific expression pattern suggested strongly that CK-M1 was related to metamorphosis in the Japanese flounder. Its specific role in metamorphosis requires further study.

关键词： CK-M1 metamorphosis gene expression Paralichthys olivaceus

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A new precision medicine initiative at the dawn of exascale computing

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第2期6卷 215-222页

作者： Ruth Nussinov Hyunbum Jang Guy Nir Chung-Jung Tsai Feixiong Cheng Computational Structural Biology Section Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Laboratory of Cancer ImmunometabolismNational Cancer InstituteFrederickMD 21702USA Department of Human Molecular genetics and Biochemistry Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of genetics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Genomic Medicine Institute Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOH 44195USA

Which signaling pathway and protein to selea to mitigate the patient's expected drug resistance?The number of possibilities facing the physician is massive,and the drug combination should fit the patient ***,we briefly review current approaches and data and map an innovative patient-specific strategy to forecast drug resistance targets that centers on parallel(or redundant)proliferation pathways in specialized *** considers the availability of each protein in each pathway in the specific cell,its activating mutations,and the chromatin accessibility of its encoding *** construction of the resulting Proliferation Pathway Network Atlas will harness the emerging exascale computing and advanced artificial intelligence(Al)methods for therapeutic *** the resulting set of targets,pathways,and proteins,with current strategies will augment the choice for the attending physicians to thwart resistance.

关键词： computing Atlas artificial

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