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Advances in technology for the laboratory diagnosis of individuals with HIV/AIDS coinfected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Biosafety and health 2024年第3期6卷 133-142页

作者： Jin Sun Xiaoxu Han Hongxia Yan Xin Zhang Taiyi Jiang Tong Zhang Hao Wu Grigory Kaminskiy Yingmin Ma Eduard Karamov Bin Su Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS research Clinical and Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China State health Organization Tula Regional center for control and Prevention of AIDS and Infectious Diseases Tula 300002Russia department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Gamaleya National research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation Moscow 123098Russia

The high morbidity and mortality rate of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)coinfected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)is a tough challenge for current global tuberculosis prevention and control ***/MTB coinfection is more complex than a single infection,and the interaction between the two diseases aggravates the deterioration caused by the disease,resulting in increased hospitalizations and *** screening and early diagnosis facilitate the timely initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment in HIV/MTB coinfected individuals,thereby reducing transmission and the incidence of adverse *** date,pathogenic detection has remained the gold standard for diagnosing tuberculosis,but its sensitivity and specificity are greatly affected by the body's immune status,which limits its application in the diagnosis of HIV/MTB ***,immunology and molecular detection technology has developed *** detection technologies,such as interferon-γ release assays,interferon-gamma inducible protein 10,and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay have overcome the limitations of traditional detection methods,significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of tuberculosis diagnosis,and brought new hope to the detection of HIV/MTB *** this article,the principle,scope of application,and latest research progress of relevant detection methods are reviewed to provide a reference for the early diagnosis of HIV/MTB coinfection.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)coinfection Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) Early diagnosis

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Mathematical modelling of the progression of active tuberculosis:Insights from fluorography data

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 374-386页

作者： Konstantin Konstantinovich Avilov Alexei Alexeevich Romanyukha Evgeny Mikhailovich Belilovsky Sergey Evgenevich Borisov Institute for Numerical Mathematics Russian Academy of Sciences8Gubkina Str.Moscow119333Russia moscow research and clinical center for tuberculosis control of the moscow government department of health 10Stromynka Str.Moscow107076Russia

Little is known about the dynamics of the early stages of untreated active pulmonary tuberculosis:unknown are both the rates of progression and the model“scheme”.The“parallel”scheme assumes that infectiousness of tuberculosis cases is effectively predefined at the onset of the disease,and the“serial”scheme considers all cases to be noninfectious at the onset,with some of them later becoming *** aim was to estimate the progression of the early stages of pulmonary tuberculosis using data from a present-day *** used the routine notification data from moscow,Russia,2013e2018 that contained the results and time of the last fluorographic screening preceding the detection of tuberculosis *** provided time limits on the duration of untreated *** of TB progression under both models were *** the goodness of fit to the data,we could prefer neither the“parallel”,nor the“serial”model,although the latter had a bit worse *** the other hand,the observed rise in the fraction of infectious tuberculosis cases with the time since the last screening was explained by the“serial”model in a more plausible way e as gradual progression of some cases to ***“parallel”model explained it through less realistic quick removal of non-infectious cases and accumulation of the infectious *** results demonstrate the potential of using such detection data enriched with reassessments of the previous screenings.

关键词： Natural history of tuberculosis(TB) Mathematical modeling Minimal tuberculosis Model structure Fluorographic screening data

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Previous hepatitis B viral infection–an underestimated cause of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第33期28卷 4812-4822页

作者： Sergey Batskikh Sergey Morozov Alexey Dorofeev Zanna Borunova Dmitry Kostyushev Sergey Brezgin Anastasiya Kostyusheva Vladimir Chulanov department of Hepatology Moscow Clinical Scientific Center N.A.A.S.LoginovMoscow 111123Russia department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionFederal Research Center of NutritionBiotechnology and Food SafetyMoscow 115446Russia department of Scientific and clinical Laboratory research Moscow Clinical Scientific Center N.A.A.S.LoginovMoscow 111123Russia Laboratory of Genetic Technologies Sechenov UniversityMoscow 119435Russia Division of Biotechnology Scientific Center for Genetics and Life SciencesSirius University of Science and TechnologySochi 354340Russia Laboratory of Genetic Technologies and Translational research National Medical Research Center for Tuberculosis and Infectious Diseases of Ministry of Health of RussiaMoscow 127994Russia

BACKGROUND The etiology of pancreatic cancer remains unclear. This limits the possibility of prevention and effective treatment. Hepatitis B virus(HBV) is responsible for the development of different types of cancer, but its role in pancreatic cancer is still being *** To assess the prevalence of previous HBV infection and to identify viral biomarkers in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) to support the role of the virus in etiology of this *** The data of 130 hepatitis B surface antigen-negative subjects were available for the final analysis,including 60 patients with PDAC confirmed by cytology or histology and 70 sex-and age-matched controls. All the participants were tested for HBV biomarkers in blood [antibody to hepatitis B core antigen(anti-HBc), antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen(anti-HBs) and HBV DNA], and for those with PDAC, biomarkers in resected pancreatic tissues were tested(HBV DNA, HBV pregenomic RNA and covalently closed circular DNA). We performed immunohistochemistry staining of pancreatic tissues for hepatitis B virus X antigen and Ki-67 protein. Non-parametric statistics were used for the *** Anti-HBc was detected in 18/60(30%) patients with PDAC and in 9/70(13%) participants in the control group(P = 0.029). Accordingly, the odds of PDAC in anti-HBc-positive subjects were higher compared to those with no previous HBV infection(odds ratio: 2.905, 95% confidence interval: 1.191-7.084, standard error 0.455). HBV DNA was detected in 8 cases of PDAC and in 6 of them in the pancreatic tumor tissue samples only(all patients were anti-HBc positive). Blood HBV DNA was negative in all subjects of the control group with positive results of the serum anti-HBc test. Among 9 patients with PDAC, 5 revealed signs of replicative competence of the virus(covalently closed circular DNA with or without pregenomic RNA) in the pancreatic tumor tissue samples. Hepatitis B virus X antigen expression and active cell

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Previous hepatitis B Occult hepatitis B virus infection Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Containment of COVID-19 in Ethiopia and implications for tuberculosis care and research

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第5期9卷 131-131页

作者： Hussen Mohammed Lemessa Oljira Kedir Teji Roba Getnet Yimer Abebaw Fekadu Tsegahun Manyazewal Addis Ababa University College of Health SciencesCenter for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa(CDT-Africa)P.O Box 9086Addis AbabaEthiopia department of Public health College of Medicine and Health SciencesDire Dawa UniversityDire DawaEthiopia 不详

Background:The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has emerged as a global health and economic security threat with staggering cumulative incidence *** the severity of projections,hospitals across the globe are creating additional critical care surge capacity and limiting patient routine access to care for other diseases like tuberculosis(TB).The outbreak fuels panic in sub-Saharan Africa where the healthcare system is fragile in withstanding the ***,we looked over the COVID-19 containment measures in Ethiopia in context from reliable sources and put forth recommendations that leverage the health system response to COVID-19 and *** text:Ethiopia shares a major proportion of the global burden of infectious diseases,while the patterns of COVID-19 are still at an earlier stage of the epidemiology *** Ethiopian government exerted tremendous efforts to curb the *** limited public gatherings,ordered school closures,directed high-risk civil servants to work from home,and closed *** suspended flights to 120 countries and restricted mass *** declared a five-month national state of emergency and granted a pardon for 20402 *** officially postponed parliamentary and presidential *** launched the‘PM Abiy-Jack Ma initiative’,which supports African countries with COVID-19 diagnostics and infection prevention and control *** expanded its COVID-19 testing capacity to 38 countrywide *** institutions are made available to provide clinical care and ***,the outbreak still has the potential for greater loss of life in Ethiopia if the community is unable to shape the regular behavioral and sociocultural norms that would facilitate the spread of the *** government needs to keep cautious that irregular migrants would fuel the disease.A robust testing capacity is needed to figure out the actual status of the *** pandemic has reduced TB care and research activities si

关键词： COVID-19 Coronavirus Public health tuberculosis Containment Ethiopia

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