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Application of plant DNA metabarcoding of lake sediments for monitoring vegetation compositions on the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3594-3609页

作者： Kai WU Kai LI Weihan JIA Kathleen R.STOOF-LEICHSENRING Ulrike HERZSCHUH Jian NI Mengna LIAO Fang TIAN College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Normal University Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems Research Group Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Institute of Environmental Science and Geography University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and biology University of Potsdam College of Resource Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University

Benefiting from the rapid development of environmental DNA(eDNA) technologies, sedimentary DNA(sedDNA)emerges as a promising tool for monitoring plant compositions in remote regions. The Tibetan Plateau(TP), renowned for its harsh environment and numerous ponds and lakes, presents a potentially demanding region for the application of sedDNA on vegetation investigations. Here, we used the g and h universal primers for the P6 loop region of the chloroplast trn L(UAA)intron to amplify plant DNA in surface sediments from 59 ponds and small lakes on the southwestern TP. The applicability and limitations of using plant DNA metabarcoding for modern vegetation monitoring and palaeo-vegetation reconstructions have been assessed by comparing sedDNA, pollen, and vegetation survey data. Our results showed that plant DNA metabarcoding recorded 186 terrestrial taxa, of which 30.1% can be identified at the species level. The plant sedDNA approach can effectively disclose the dominant plant taxa(including Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae) and significant vegetation assemblages in the vicinity of the investigated sites. The number of taxa and taxonomic resolution of plant sedDNA exceeded that of pollen analysis(75 taxa detected, 5.3% can be identified at species level). Unlike pollen that retains a broad spectrum of regional plant signals(including Pinus and Artemisia), plant sedDNA mirrors very local plants, underscoring its utility in local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions. To conclude, plant DNA metabarcoding of(small) lake sediments warrant increased attention in the future for local vegetation monitoring and reconstructions on the TP.

关键词： Sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) Metabarcoding Pollen Vegetation composition Tibetan Plateau

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Degradation and resynthesis of chlorophyll during increased oxidative stress and prolonged darkness differ between annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)

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Oil Crop Science 2024年第2期9卷 121-130页

作者： Kenyon J. Nisbett Abida Alokozai Su Hyun Elizabeth Ko G. Adam Mott Jason C.L. Browna Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada Department of Cell&Systems biology University of TorontoTorontoONCanada centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution&Function University of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Among plants,there is considerable variation in lifespan:annuals live less than one year,whereas perennials live for several years,with the longest-living perennial having survived 43,600 *** proposed by the Disposable Soma Theory,this lifespan variation among plants likely reflects differential investment of limited energy and nutrient resources,with perennials investing more energy and nutrients into biomolecular maintenance compared to annuals in order to ensure persistence over multiple *** differential investment may be particularly important during periods of exogenous stress,which are known to accelerate biomolecular *** present study evaluated this hypothesis using annual and perennial flax(Linum L.)subjected to two exogenous stressors—increased oxidative stress(i.e.,foliar H2O2spraying)and complete prolonged *** chlorophyll has been shown to exhibit degradation in response to changes in environmental conditions,we utilized changes in chlorophyll levels during and after periods of exogenous stress to evaluate our *** predicted that i)perennials would exhibit a slower rate of chlorophyll degradation during exposure to exogenous stressors compared to annuals,and ii)perennials would exhibit a faster rate of chlorophyll resynthesis following such exposure compared to *** levels before,during,and after exposure to both exogenous stressors were measured in two separate trails,once using image colour analysis and once using *** chlorophyll degradation rates in response to oxidative stress did not differ between annuals and perennials,contrary to our predictions,chlorophyll resynthesis rates following such exposure were significantly higher in perennials,as *** plants were subjected to complete prolonged darkness,chlorophyll degradation rates were significantly lower in perennials than annuals,as predicted;however,when plants were subsequently reintroduced to natural photoperiod,ch

关键词： Ageing Life history Maximum lifespan Oxidative stress Somatic maintenance

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ALS-linked C9orf72 dipeptide repeats inhibit starvation-induced autophagy through modulating BCL2–BECN1 interaction

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2026-2038页

作者： Shiqiang Xu Qilian Ma Junwen Shen Ningning Li Shan Sun Nana Wang Yang Chen Chunsheng Dong Kin Yip Tam Jochen H.M.Prehn Hongfeng Wang Zheng Ying Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology College of Pharmaceutical SciencesSuzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Dept.of Physiology&medical Physics and FUTURE-NEURO Research centre Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin D02 YN77Ireland Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoTaipaMacao 999078China Insititutes of biology and medical Science Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Growing evidences indicate that dysfunction of autophagy contributes to the disease pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and frontotemporal dementia(FTD),two neurodegenerative *** GGGGCC·GGCCCC repeat RNA expansion in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72(C9orf72)is the most genetic cause of both ALS and *** to the previous studies,GGGGCC·GGCCCC repeat undergoes the unconventional repeat-associated non-ATG translation,which produces dipeptide repeat(DPR)*** there is a growing understanding that C9orf72 DPRs have a strong ability to harm neurons and induce C9orf72-linked ALS/FTD,whether these DPRs can affect autophagy remains *** the present study,we find that poly-GR and poly-PR,two arginine-containing DPRs which display the most cytotoxic properties according to the previous studies,strongly inhibit starvation-induced ***,our data indicate that arginine-rich DPRs enhance the interaction between BCL2 and BECN1/Beclin 1 by inhibiting BCL2 phosphorylation,therefore they can impair autophagic clearance of neurodegenerative disease-associated protein aggregates under starvation condition in ***,our study not only highlights the role of C9orf72 DPR in autophagy dysfunction,but also provides novel insight that pharmacological intervention of autophagy using SW063058,a small molecule compound that can disrupt the interaction between BECN1 and BCL2,may reduce C9orf72 DPR-induced neurotoxicity.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Frontotemporal dementia C9orf72 Autophagy BCL2 BECN1/Beclin 1 Dipeptide repeat Neurodegeneration

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Two diversities meet in the rhizosphere:root specialized metabolites and microbiome

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第5期51卷 467-478页

作者： Xiaochen Wang Jingying Zhang Xinjun Lu Yang Bai Guodong Wang State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS-JIC centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory SanyaHainan 572025China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Plants serve as rich repositories of diverse chemical compounds collectively referred to as specialized *** compounds are of importance for adaptive processes,including interactions with various microbes both beneficial and *** microbes as bioreactors,the chemical diversity undergoes dynamic changes when root-derived specialized metabolites(RSMs)and microbes encounter each other in the *** advancements in sequencing techniques and molecular biology tools have not only accelerated the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways of RSMs but also unveiled the significance of RSMs in plant-microbe *** this review,we provide a comprehensive description of the effects of RSMs on microbe assembly in the rhizosphere and the influence of corresponding microbial changes on plant health,incorporating the most up-to-date information ***,we highlight open questions that remain for a deeper understanding of and harnessing the potential of RSM-microbe interactions to enhance plant adaptation to the ***,we propose a pipeline for investigating the intricate associations between root exometabolites and the rhizomicrobiome.

关键词： Root specialized metabolites Microbiome Plant-microbe interactions Rhizosphere Diversity

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Improving colorectal cancer screening programs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2849-2851页

作者： Oscar J Cordero Lucia Mosquera-Ferreiro Iria Gomez-Tourino Department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases(CiMUS) University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782GaliciaSpain

In this editorial we comment on the article by Agatsuma et al published in the World Journal of *** suggest policies for more effective colorectal *** is the main policy that has led to lower mortality rates in later years among the population that was eligible for *** is the gold standard tool for screening and has preventive effects by removing precancerous or early malignant ***,colonoscopy is an invasive process,and fecal tests such as the current hemoglobin immunodetection were developed,followed by endoscopy,as the general tool for population screening,avoiding logistical and economic *** so,participation and adherence rates are *** screening options are being developed with the idea that if people could choose between the ones that best suit them,participation in population-based screening programs would *** tests,such as a recent one that detects cell-free DNA shed by tumors called circulating tumor DNA,showed a similar accuracy rate to stool tests for cancer,but were less sensitive for advanced precancerous *** the time when the crosstalk between the immune system and cancer was being established as a new hallmark of cancer,novel immune system-related biomarkers and information on patients’immune parameters,such as cell counts of different immune populations,were studied for the early detection of colorectal cancer,since they could be effective in asymptomatic people,appearing earlier in the adenoma-carcinoma development compared to the presence of fecal ***26,for example,detected 80.37%of advanced *** reach as many eligible people as possible,starting at an earlier age than current programs,the direction could be to apply tests based on blood,urine or salivary fluid to samples taken during routine visits to the primary health system.

关键词： Mortality rates Colorectal cancer Screening Biomarker Fecal hemoglobin immunodetection Soluble sCD26 Colonoscopy Immunoscores

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Biosynthesized Persicaria odorata-silver nanoparticles supported zeolite Y as biocompatible antibacterial agent against Cutibacterium acnes

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 1-10页

作者： Muhammad Hariz Asraf Nik Ahmad Nizam Nik Malek Muhammad Redza Mohd Radzi Hendra Susanto Department of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310SkudaiJohorMalaysia centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials(CSNano) Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research(ISI-SIR)Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310UTMJohorMalaysia Department of biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Negeri MalangIndonesia

Conventionally synthesized silver nanoparticles(AgNP)imposed an alarming effect on the environment and caused toxicity to ***,the use of zeolite(zeoY)as a support system could increase its biocompatibility and reduce its ***,green synthesis of AgNP using Persicaria odorata leaves extract supported on zeolite Y has been prepared by an in situ synthesis *** phytochemical compounds in the optimized leaf extract concentration of 1%and volume of 0.9 mL reduced the silver ions to AgNP within the zeolite Y *** observation revealed the incorporation of AgNP in the zeolite Y(average size:18.51 nm).The release of AgNP exhibited antibacterial activity on *** at a concentration lower than 1 g L^(−1) which is also dependent on the ***-zeoY promoted cell proliferation in vitro and it has a non-irritating effect when tested in the in vivo skin irritation model.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Biosynthesis Zeolite Antibacterial Biocompatible

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Noscapine shows antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7,its clinical isolate Pf140/SS,and Plasmodium berghei ANKA

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第8期14卷 350-358页

作者： Swaraj Kumar Babu Sameer Maharana Satyaranjan Chhatria Dibya Ranjan Sahoo Ashirbad Nanda Satish Kanhar Prativa KBehera Sanjib Mohanty Pradeep Kumar Naik Praveen Kishore Sahu centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics Department of Biotechnology and BioinformaticsSambalpur UniversityJyoti ViharSambalpur OdishaIndia Department of Molecular biology and Infectious Diseases Community Welfare Society HospitalRourkelaOdishaIndia Molecular&Immunology Laboratory Infectious Disease Biology UnitIspat General HospitalRourkelaOdishaIndia Department of Pharmacy Centurion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswarOdishaIndia

Objective:To evaluate the antimalarial activity of noscapine against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 strain(Pf3D7),its clinical isolate(Pf140/SS),and Plasmodium berghei ANKA(PbA).Methods:Using ring-stage survival assay,phenotypic assessments,and SYBR-green-based fluorescence assay,the antimalarial activities of noscapine were assessed compared with dihydroartemisinin(DHA)in in vivo and in vitro *** addition,hemolysis and cytotoxicity tests were carried out to evaluate its ***-PCR assay was also conducted to determine the effect of noscapine on papain-like cysteine protease Plasmodium falciparum falcipain-2(PfFP-2).Results:The antimalarial efficacy of noscapine against Pf3D7 and Pf140/SS was comparable to DHA,with IC50 values of(7.68±0.88)and(5.57±0.74)nM/mL,respectively,and>95%inhibition of PbA infected *** also showed a safe profile,as evidenced by low hemolysis and cytotoxicity even at high ***,PfFP-2 expression was significantly inhibited in both noscapine-treated Pf3D7 and Pf140/SS(P<0.01).Conclusions:Noscapine has antimalarial properties comparable to standard antimalarial DHA with better safety profiles,which may be further explored as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of malaria.

关键词： Malaria Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium berghei Noscapine Antimalarial Dihydroartemisinin Cytotoxicity Falcipain-2

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Sirt5 desuccinylates Cdc42 to mediate osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling in mice

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 75-78页

作者： Yuang Zhanngg Jing Wang Jing Luan Chuanju Liu Yazhou Cui Jinxiang Han Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJi'nanShandong 250014China Biomedical Sciences College&Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology centre Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJi'nanShandong 250117China NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs(Shandong Academy of medical Sciences) Ji'nanShandong 250117China Key Lab for Rare&Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province Ji'nanShandong250117China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10003USA Department of Cell biology New York University Grossman School of MedicineNewYorkNY10016USA

Post-translational modifications(PTMs)play a critical role in bone remodeling,with phosphorylation and acetylation being particularly well ***,succinylation,a relatively uncommon PTM on lysine,has received considerable research attention for its influence on several physiological and pathological processes and conditions.1 Several substrates involved in mitochondrial pathways have been validated as substrates for the desuccinylase sirtuin 5(Sirt5),a key regulator of succinylation.2 Bone is one of the most metabolically active organs,but the role of succinylation during bone remodeling is not well characterized.

关键词： remodeling organs media

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Astragalus Polysaccharide Enhances Voriconazole Metabolism under Inflammatory Conditions through the Gut Microbiota

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第5期12卷 481-495页

作者： Xiaokang Wang Xianjing Hu Chunxiao Ye Jingqian Zhao Shing Cheng Tan Liangbin Zhou Chenyu Zhao Kit Hang Wu Xixiao Yang Jinbin Wei Maoxun Yang The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang ZhanjiangGuangdongChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Natural Drugs Guangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdongChina Department of Pharmacy Shenzhen Longhua District Central HospitalShenzhenGuangdongChina Dongguan Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases The First Dongguan Affiliated HospitalGuangdong Medical UniversityDongguanGuangdongChina Department of Pharmacy The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of Pharmacy Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityShenzhenGuangdongChina UKM medical Molecular biology Institute Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Pharmacy Nossa Senhora do Carmo-Lago Health CentreHealth BureauMacaoChina Pharmaceutical College Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina

Background and Aims:Voriconazole(VRC),a widely used antifungal drug,often causes hepatotoxicity,which presents a significant clinical *** studies demonstrated that Astragalus polysaccharide(APS)can regulate VRC metabolism,thereby potentially mitigating its hepatotoxic *** this study,we aimed to explore the mechanism by which APS regulates VRC ***:First,we assessed the association of abnormal VRC metabolism with hepatotoxicity using the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method ***,we conducted a series of basic experiments to verify the promotive effect of APS on VRC *** in vitro and in vivo assays,including cytokine profiling,immunohistochemistry,quantitative polymerase chain reaction,metabolite analysis,and drug concentration measurements,were performed using a lipopolysaccharideinduced rat inflammation ***,experiments such as intestinal biodiversity analysis,intestinal clearance assessments,and Bifidobacterium bifidum replenishment were performed to examine the ability of *** to regulate the expression of the VRC-metabolizing enzyme CYP2C19 through the gut–liver ***:The results indicated that APS does not have a direct effect on ***,the assessment of gut microbiota function revealed that APS significantly increases the abundance of ***,which could lead to an anti-inflammatory response in the liver and indirectly enhance VRC *** dual-luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that APS can hinder the secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduce the inhibitory effect on CYP2C19 transcription through the nuclear factor-􀇉B signaling ***:The study offers valuable insights into the mechanism by which APS alleviates VRC-induced liver damage,highlighting its immunomodulatory influence on hepatic tissues and its indirect regulatory control of VRC-metabolizing enzymes within hepatocytes.

关键词： Astragalus polysaccharide Voriconazole Metabolism RUCAM Bifidobacterium bifidum Anti-inflammatory responses Gut Microbiota Hepatotoxicity

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Exploring the diversity of microbes and natural products from fungus-growing termite tripartite symbiosis

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Engineering Microbiology 2024年第1期4卷 66-80页

作者： Muhammad Shoaib Ruining Bai Shuai Li Yan Xie Yulong Shen Jinfeng Ni State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Microbial Technology InstituteShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Institute of Health Sciences Islamabad Campus.Khyber Medical UniversityPeshawar KPK25120 Pakistan CRISPR and Archaea biology Research centre Microbial Technology Institute and State Key Laboratory of Microbial TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

The fungus-growing termite is considered a distinct ecological niche because it involves a tripartite symbiosis between the termite host,gut microflora,and the in vitro fungus Termitomyces,which has led to the expansion of highly organized and complex societies among termite *** symbiosis in fungus-growing termites may promote unique microbes with distinctive metabolic pathways that may serve as valuable resources for developing novel antimicrobial therapeutic *** research on complex tripartite symbioses has revealed a plethora of previously unknown natural products that may have ecological roles in signaling,communication,or defense *** products produced by symbionts may act as crucial intermediaries between termites and their pathogens by providing direct protection through their biological ***,we review the state-of-the-art research on both microbes and natural products originated from fungus-growing termite tripartite symbiosis,highlighting the diversity of microbes and the uniqueness of natural product classes and their ***,we emphasize future research prospects on fungus-growing termite related microorganisms,with a particular focus on their potential roles in bioactive product discovery。

关键词： Fungus-growing termite Tripartite symbiosis Diversity Termitomyces Microbes

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