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Enhancing single-cell encapsulation in droplet microfluidics with fine-tunable on-chip sample enrichment

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 149-160页

作者： Tao Tang Hao Zhao Shaofei Shen Like Yang Chwee Teck Lim Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore117583 SingaporeSingapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme NUS Graduate SchoolNational University of Singapore119077 SingaporeSingapore Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM College of Life ScienceShanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiguShanxi 030801China institute for Health Innovation&Technology National University of Singapore117599 SingaporeSingapore mechanobiology institute National University of Singapore117411 SingaporeSingapore institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science Nanyang Technological University636921 SingaporeSingapore

Single-cell encapsulation in droplet microfluidics is commonly hindered by the tradeoff between cell suspension density and on-chip focusing performance.In this study,we introduce a novel droplet microfluidic chip to overcome this challenge.The chip comprises a double spiral focusing unit,a flow resistance-based sample enrichment module with fine-tunable outlets,and a crossflow droplet generation unit.Utilizing a low-density cell/bead suspension(2×10^(6) objects/mL),cells/beads are focused into a near-equidistant linear arrangement within the double spiral microchannel.The excess water phase is diverted while cells/beads remain focused and sequentially encapsulated in individual droplets.Focusing performance was assessed through numerical simulations and experiments at three flow rates(40,60,80μL/min),demonstrating successful focusing at 40 and 80μL/min for beads and cells,respectively.In addition,both simulation and experimental results revealed that the flow resistance at the sample enrichment module is adjustable by punching different outlets,allowing over 50%of the aqueous phase to be removed.YOLOv8n-based droplet detection algorithms realized the counting of cells/beads in droplets,statistically demonstrating single-cell and bead encapsulation rates of 72.2%and 79.2%,respectively.All the results indicate that this on-chip sample enrichment approach can be further developed and employed as a critical component in single-cell encapsulation in water-in-oil droplets.

关键词： beads outlet sample

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Effect of mechanical stresses on degradation behavior of high-purity magnesium in bone environments

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 252-261页

作者： Yan Yao Jie Xia Lizhen Wang Yuanming Gao Xili Ding Chao Wang Yubo Fan Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and mechanobiology(Beihang University) Ministry of EducationBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSchool of Engineering MedicineBeihang UniversityBeijing 100083China

High-purity(HP)magnesium(Mg)has emerged as a promising biomaterial for supporting functional bone tissue.Our previous study found that mechanical stresses and the surrounding fibrotic tissue(subcuta-neous)both play crucial roles in the degradation of HP Mg.However,due to challenges in the degradation and regeneration process in vivo,it remains unclear how stress affects HP Mg degradation in bone en-vironments,limiting its further application.In this study,novel loading devices were designed and the effects of tensile and compressive stresses on HP Mg degradation in vivo and in vitro bone environments were quantitatively analyzed.In addition,bone osteointegration around HP Mg was explored preliminar-ily.Tensile stress increases the degradation rate of HP Mg in vivo and in vitro.HP Mg degradation in vivo is more sensitive to stress factors than in vitro,but the sensitivity decreases with corrosion time.The volume loss rate of HP Mg is multilinear with the applied stress and degradation time.The volume of bone tissue surrounding HP Mg is larger in the no-stress group compared to the stressed groups,which is more pronounced with increasing implantation time.These results provide valuable insights for optimiz-ing the design of HP Mg-based implants considering load conditions.This will help to achieve a balance between the degradation rate of the implant and the regeneration rate of the surrounding bone.

关键词： High-purity magnesium Quantitative stresses Degradation Bone environments In vivo and in vitro

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Unraveling the role of METTL14 in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease:insights and therapeutic implications

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1781-1783页

作者： So Jung Kim Jeongeun Hyun institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center College of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea

The recent article published in Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy sheds light on the significance of N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methyltransferase-like protein METTL14 in mitigating the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD).1 In this study,Wang et al.elucidated the downregulation of METTL14 in hepatocytes from both MAFLD patients and high-fat diet(HFD)-induced MAFLD mouse models,underscoring its pivotal role in maintaining hepatic lipid and redox homeostasis in normal livers.

关键词： liver homeostasis al.

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Nanozyme‑Engineered Hydrogels for Anti‑Inflammation and Skin Regeneration

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 127-179页

作者： Amal George Kurian Rajendra K.Singh Varsha Sagar Jung‑Hwan Lee Hae‑Won Kim institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering(ITREN) Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Nanobiomedical Science&BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Department of Biomaterials Science School of DentistryDankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea UCL Eastman‑Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea Cell and Matter institute Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116Republic of Korea

Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system.Conventional therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects.Recently,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these challenges.NZ-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of hydrogels.The multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and differentiation.This review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration applications.It also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their effectiveness.Additionally,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are addressed.The insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.

关键词： Nanozymes Hydrogels ROS scavenging Anti-inflammation Skin regeneration

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Simulation Analysis of Deformation Control for Magnetic Soft Medical Robots

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 794-796页

作者： Jingxi Wang Baoyu Liu Edmond Q.Wu Jin Ma Ping Li Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and mechanobiology(Beihang University) Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineeringthe School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100083China IEEE the Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China the Department of Aerospace Medicine Air Force Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China

Dear Editor,This letter presents a biocompatible cross-shaped magnetic soft robot and investigates its deformation mode control strategy through COMSOL modeling and simulation.Magnetic soft robots offer novel avenues ... 详细信息

关键词： robot simulation COMSOL

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Functional near-infrared spectroscopy in non-invasive neuromodulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1517-1522页

作者： Congcong Huo Gongcheng Xu Hui Xie Tiandi Chen Guangjian Shao Jue Wang Wenhao Li Daifa Wang Zengyong Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical AidsBeijingChina School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Foshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong ProvinceChina School of Rehabilitation Engineering Beijing College of Social AdministrationBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Neuro-functional Information and Rehabilitation Engineering of the Ministry of Civil Affairs BeijingChina

Non-invasive cerebral neuromodulation technologies are essential for the reorganization of cerebral neural networks,which have been widely applied in the field of central neurological diseases,such as stroke,Parkinson’s disease,and mental disorders.Although significant advances have been made in neuromodulation technologies,the identification of optimal neurostimulation paramete rs including the co rtical target,duration,and inhibition or excitation pattern is still limited due to the lack of guidance for neural circuits.Moreove r,the neural mechanism unde rlying neuromodulation for improved behavioral performance remains poorly understood.Recently,advancements in neuroimaging have provided insight into neuromodulation techniques.Functional near-infrared spectroscopy,as a novel non-invasive optical brain imaging method,can detect brain activity by measuring cerebral hemodynamics with the advantages of portability,high motion tole rance,and anti-electromagnetic interference.Coupling functional near-infra red spectroscopy with neuromodulation technologies offe rs an opportunity to monitor the cortical response,provide realtime feedbac k,and establish a closed-loop strategy integrating evaluation,feedbac k,and intervention for neurostimulation,which provides a theoretical basis for development of individualized precise neuro rehabilitation.We aimed to summarize the advantages of functional near-infra red spectroscopy and provide an ove rview of the current research on functional near-infrared spectroscopy in transcranial magnetic stimulation,transcranial electrical stimulation,neurofeedback,and braincomputer interfaces.Furthermore,the future perspectives and directions for the application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in neuromodulation are summarized.In conclusion,functional near-infrared spectroscopy combined with neuromodulation may promote the optimization of central pellral reorganization to achieve better functional recovery form central nervous system diseases.

关键词： brain-computer interface cerebral neural networks functional near-infrared spectroscopy neural circuit neurofeedback neurological diseases neuromodulation non-invasive brain stimulation transcranial electrical stimulation transcranial electrical stimulation

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How mesenchymal stem cells transform into adipocytes:Overview of the current understanding of adipogenic differentiation

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第3期16卷 245-256页

作者： Shan-Shan Liu Xiang Fang Xin Wen Ji-Shan Liu Miribangvl Alip Tian Sun Yuan-Yuan Wang Hong-Wei Chen Department of Reumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Emergency Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and mechanobiology of Ministry of Education School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu 233000Anhui ProvinceChina

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are stem/progenitor cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into osteoblasts,chondrocytes and adipocytes.The transformation of multipotent MSCs to adipocytes mainly involves two subsequent steps from MSCs to preadipocytes and further preadipocytes into adipocytes,in which the process MSCs are precisely controlled to commit to the adipogenic lineage and then mature into adipocytes.Previous studies have shown that the master transcription factors C/enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferation activator receptor gamma play vital roles in adipogenesis.However,the mechanism underlying the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs is not fully understood.Here,the current knowledge of adipogenic differentiation in MSCs is reviewed,focusing on signaling pathways,noncoding RNAs and epigenetic effects on DNA methylation and acetylation during MSC differentiation.Finally,the relationship between maladipogenic differentiation and diseases is briefly discussed.We hope that this review can broaden and deepen our understanding of how MSCs turn into adipocytes.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cell Adipogenic differentiation Signaling pathway Noncoding RNA Epigenetic regulation

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Barring the gates to the battleground:DDR1 promotesimmune exclusion in solid tumors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第2期7卷 339-340页

作者： Dimitrios L.Wagner Enrico Klotzsch Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies(BeCAT)and BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies(BCRT) Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Platz 113353BerlinGermany institute for Biology Experimental Biophysics/MechanobiologyHumboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany Laboratory of Applied mechanobiology Department for Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

In a recent article in Nature,Sun et al.1 identify a novel mechanism of how solid tumors prevent immune cell infiltration into cancer tissue by collagen-remodeling.Furthermore,they develop and test a new monoclonal antibody that may be used as a standalone treatment or allow the optimization of T cell-targeted immunotherapy in the future.

关键词： tumors immune

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DNA-binding proteins studied by mechanical manipulation and AFM imaging of single DNA molecules

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Biophysics Reports 2022年第4期8卷 212-224页

作者： Xiaodan Zhao Xuyao Priscilla Liu Jie Yan Department of Physics National University of Singapore Centre for Bioimaging Sciences National University of Singapore mechanobiology institute National University of Singapore

The functions of DNA-binding proteins are dependent on protein-induced DNA distortion, the binding preference to special sequences, DNA secondary structures, the binding kinetics and the binding affinity. Recent rapid progress in single-molecule imaging and mechanical manipulation technologies have made it possible to directly probe the DNA binding by proteins, footprint the positions of the bound proteins on DNA, quantify the kinetics and the affinity of protein–DNA interactions, and study the interplay of protein binding with DNA conformation and DNA topology. Here, we review the applications of an integrated approach where the single-DNA imaging using atomic force microscopy and the mechanical manipulation of single DNA molecules are combined to study the DNA–protein interactions. We also provide our views on how these findings yield new insights into understanding the roles of several essential DNA architectural proteins.

关键词： AFM imaging Single-molecule manipulation Magnetic tweezers Optical tweezers DNA-protein interactions DNA supercoiling DNA distortion

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Preface:molecular,cellular,and tissue mechanobiology

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第2期33卷 219-221页

作者： Xi-Qiao Feng Peter Vee Sin Lee Chwee Teck Lim institute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Melbourne Department of Mechanical Engineering and mechanobiology institute National University of Singapore

Mechanics plays a crucial role in a diversity of biological processes at different length(from molecules,cells,tissues,organs to organisms)and time scales.As a rapidly growing field across the interfaces of mechanics,biology,and medical engineering,mechanobiology aims to identify the mechanical and biological responses of cells and tissues of

关键词： cell ECM Preface:molecular,cellular,and tissue mechanobiology

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