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New Strategy for Boosting Cathodic Performance of Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells Through Incorporating a Superior Hydronation Second Phase

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 83-92页

作者： Chuan Zhou Xixi Wang Dongliang Liu Meijuan Fei Jie Dai Daqin Guan Zhiwei Hu Linjuan Zhang Yu Wang Wei Wang Ryan O'Hayre San Ping Jiang Wei Zhou Meilin Liu Zongping Shao State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University max planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Key Laboratory of Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Colorado School of Mines WA School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE) Curtin University Suzhou Laboratory School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology

For protonic ceramic fuel cells,it is key to develop material with high intrinsic activity for oxygen activation and bulk proton conductivity enabling water formation at entire electrode ***,a higher water content which benefitting for the increasing proton conductivity will not only dilute the oxygen in the gas,but also suppress the O2adsorption on the electrode surface.

关键词： cathode high-hydrating capability proton conductivity protonic ceramic fuel cells

Whispering-gallery-mode barcode-based broadband sub-femtometer-resolution spectroscopy with an electro-optic frequency comb

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 115-125页

作者： Bingxin Xu Yangyang Wan Xinyu Fan Zuyuan He Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and NetworksDepartment of Electronic EngineeringShanghaiChina max-planck Institute of Quantum Optics Hans-Kopfermann-Straûe 185748 GarchingGermany

Spectroscopy is the basic tool for studying molecular physics and realizing biochemical ***,it is challenging to realize sub-femtometer resolution spectroscopy over broad *** and high-resolution spectroscopy with calibrated optical frequency is demonstrated by bridging the fields of speckle pattern and electro-optic frequency comb.A wavemeter based on a whispering-gallery-mode barcode is proposed to link the frequencies of a probe continuous-wave laser and an ultrastable *** ultrafine electro-optic comb lines are generated from the probe laser to record spectrum of sample with sub-femtometer *** bandwidth is a thousandfold broader than comb bandwidth,by sequentially tuning the probe laser while its wavelength is *** approach fully exploits the advantages of two fields to realize 0.8-fm resolution with a fiber laser and 80-nm bandwidth with an external cavity diode *** spectroscopic measurements of an ultrahigh Q-factor cavity and gas molecular absorption are experimentally *** compact system,predominantly constituted by few-gigahertz electronics and telecommunication components,shows enormous potential for practical spectroscopic applications.

关键词： frequency comb reconstructive wavemeter spectroscopy

Photodoping-Modified Charge Density Wave Phase Transition in WS_(2)/1T-TaS_(2) Heterostructure

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第5期41卷 144-170页

作者：王瑞丁建伟孙飞赵继民裘晓辉 Beijing Information Technology College Beijing 100015China CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China max planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden 01187Germany Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Controlling collective electronic states hold great promise for development of innovative devices. Here, we experimentally detect the modification of the charge density wave(CDW) phase transition within a 1T-TaS_(2) layer in a WS_(2)/1T-TaS_(2) heterostructure using time-resolved ultrafast spectroscopy. Laser-induced charge transfer doping strongly suppresses the commensurate CDW phase, which results in a significant decrease in both the phase transition temperature(T_(c)) and phase transition stiffness. We interpret the phenomenon that photoinduced hole doping, when surpassing a critical threshold value of ~ 10^(18)cm^(-3), sharply decreases the phase transition energy barrier. Our results provide new insights into controlling the CDW phase transition, paving the way for optical-controlled novel devices based on CDW materials.

关键词： doping transition Transition

Multi-functional epoxides cross-linked collagen sponges for tissue engineering scaffolds

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Collagen and Leather

Collagen and Leather 2024年第1期 127-140页

作者： Yuanzhi Zhang Changkai Yang Min Gu Xiaoxia Zhang Xueqing Zhang Guoying Li National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture Sichuan University Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering (Sichuan University) Ministry of Education max planck Institute for Polymer Research

With the efficient cross-linking abilities and the flexible regulation abilities to the performances of cross-linked products,the multi-functional aliphatic epoxides were once widely used to cross-link the collagen-based materials in the last *** present work,the multi-functional epoxides were used to construct and cross-link collagen sponges for tissue engineering scaffolds,which was hoped to board the theoretical system of epoxides and explore their potentials for modern *** bi-to tetra-functional epoxides were used to cross-link collagen solutions and establish the gel-like precursors,then using freeze-drying to form the final *** SEM observed that the sponges had shown regular porous structures with a wide range of pore sizes from 160 to 440 μ*** sponges had presented the resistance to enzymatic degradation,shape-remaining ability,and reversible compressibility in aqueous environments,which all could be regulated through the functionalities of *** regulation abilities of multi-functional epoxides on the performances of sponges had been mainly achieved through the crosslinking degrees that the higher functionality of epoxides would bring higher cross-linking *** higher crosslinking degrees could enhance the elastic behaviors of gel-like precursors,and improve the compressive strengths and thermal stabilities of ***,the multi-functional epoxides had barely affected the safety of collagen sponges at the cellular level according to the results of CCK8 assay and the SEM and CLSM images of L929fibroblasts cultured on the cross-sections of sponges.

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智能材料助力实现微纳尺度操控

Science Bulletin 2024年第6期69卷 718-721页

作者：张明超 Metin Sitti Physical Intelligence Department Max Planck Institute for Intelligent SystemsStuttgart 70569Germany Institute for Biomedical Engineering ETH ZürichZürich 8092Switzerland School of Medicine and College of Engineering KoçUniversityIstanbul 34450Turkey

At the macroscopic world,we often take the manipulation of objects in our environment for ***,at the micro/nanoscale,the precise and controlled alteration,handling,or actuation(i.e.,manipulation)of materials and structures are highly challenging and different due to the scaling effects and increased complexity of dominant interaction forces at these length scales[1],requiring new materials and methods.

关键词：智能材料微纳尺度 precise

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一颗自由进动的磁星

科学通报 2024年第25期69卷 3675-3677页

作者：高勇 Gregory Desvignes 邵立晶 max planck Institute for Gravitational Physics(Albert Einstein Institute) Potsdam D-14476Germany max planck Institute for Radio Astronomy Bonn D-53121Germany 北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所北京100871 中国科学院国家天文台北京100012

磁星是一类具有强磁场和长自转周期的年轻中子星.这些天体极其致密,半径约为12 km,但质量却可达太阳的1~2倍.在已知的30颗磁星中,只有少数会偶尔产生射电辐射.磁星转动时,射电束像灯塔一样扫过天空,天文学家正是从这些规律的脉冲信号中... 详细信息

磁星是一类具有强磁场和长自转周期的年轻中子星.这些天体极其致密,半径约为12 km,但质量却可达太阳的1~2倍.在已知的30颗磁星中,只有少数会偶尔产生射电辐射.磁星转动时,射电束像灯塔一样扫过天空,天文学家正是从这些规律的脉冲信号中探索中子星的奥秘. 2018年末,磁星XTE J1810-197在经历了X射线爆发后再次产生射电辐射,结束了其长达十年的射电静默期.通过长时间、高频次的监测,我们在射电偏振信号中发现射电束相对于地球的倾角发生了显著变化,并且这种变化在几个月内逐渐消失^([1]).我们认为这种变化是由磁星的自由进动引起的,并提出了衰减的进动模型来解释这一观测现象.这一发现不仅帮助我们更深入地理解了磁星的内部结构和辐射几何,而且很可能排除了自由进动作为重复快速射电暴起源的理论模型.

关键词：射电辐射磁星中子星 X射线爆发脉冲信号强磁场理论模型高频次

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Factor analysis of recent major heatwaves in East Asia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 374-383页

作者： Arim Yoon Jeongwon Kim Jooyeop Lee Hyun Min Sung Je-Woo Hong Seung-Ki Min Junhong Lee Jinkyu Hong Ecosystem-Atmosphere Process Laboratory Department of Atmospheric SciencesYonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Jeju 63568Republic of Korea Korea Adaptation Center for Climate Korea Environment InstituteSejong 30121Republic of Korea Division of Environmental Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea max planck Institute for Meteorology Hamburg 20146Germany Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Heatwaves(HWs)present a major hazard to our society and more extreme heatwaves are expected with future climatic ***,it is important to improve our understanding of the underlying processes that drive HWs,in order to boost our socioeconomic-ecological *** this study,we quantified the influences of key driving factors(large-scale atmospheric circulation,soil moisture,and sea surface temperature)and their synergies on recent heatwaves in East *** conducted a factor separation analysis for three recent HW events by constraining the key factors in the regional Weather Research and Forecasting model with their climatologies or pseudo-observations in different *** study showed distinct spatial variations in the HW-controlling factors in East *** synergistic interaction of large-scale circulation and soil moisture was the most important factors in the 2013 Chinese *** the 2018 HWs in Korea and Japan,the same stagnant large-scale atmospheric circulation played a dominant role in driving the HW *** land-atmosphere coupling via soil moisture,its interaction with circulation,and SST exhibited stronger influences during the Korean HW than the Japanese *** analysis also revealed temporal variations in the factors driving Korean and Chinese HWs due to typhoon passage and other multiple processes over heterogeneous surfaces(i.e.,topographically induced Foehn winds,large-scale warm advection from the warm ocean,spatial differences in soil moisture).Our findings suggest that future heatwave-related studies should consider interactive contributions of key factors,their interplay with surface heterogeneities of complex terrain.

关键词： Heatwave East Asia Large-scale circulation Soil moisture Sea surface temperature Synergistic impacts

Haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis and population genomics uncover the origin and domestication of sweetpotato

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 277-296页

作者： Mengxiao Yan Ming Li Yunze Wang Xinyi Wang M-Hossein Moeinzadeh Dora G.Quispe-Huamanquispe Weijuan Fan Yijie Fang Yuqin Wang Haozhen Nie Zhangying Wang Aiko Tanaka Bettina Heider Jan F.Kreuze Godelieve Gheysen Hongxia Wang Martin Vingron Ralph Bock Jun Yang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources Shanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghai 201602China College of Life Sciences Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610061China College of Life Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Department of Computational Molecular Biology Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsIhnestraBe 63-7314195 BerlinGermany Department of Biotechnology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Improvement Crop Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya 464-8601Japan international Potato Center(CIP) LimaPeru CAS Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200233China max-planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

The hexaploid sweetpotato(lpomoea batatas)is one of the most important root crops ***,its genetic origin remains controversial,and its domestication history remains *** this study,we used a range of genetic evidence and a newly developed haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis to identify two probable progenitors of *** diploid progenitor was likely closely related to lpomoea ae-quatoriensis and contributed the B,subgenome,IbT-DNA2,and the lineage 1 type of chloroplast genome to *** tetraploid progenitor of sweetpotato was most likely *** 4x,which donated the B2 subgenome,IbT-DNA1,and the lineage 2 type of chloroplast *** most likely originated from reciprocal crosses between the diploid and tetraploid progenitors,followed by a subsequent whole-genome *** addition,we detected biased gene exchanges between the subgenomes;the rate of B,to B2 subgenome conversions was nearly three times higher than that of B2 to B subgenome *** analyses revealed that genes involved in storage root formation,maintenance of genome stabil-ity,biotic resistance,sugar transport,and potassium uptake were selected during the speciation and domestication of *** study sheds light on the evolution of sweetpotato and paves the way forimprovementofthiscrop.

关键词： sweetpotato origin gene conversion domestication IbT-DNA HPA

Gravitational waves and primordial black hole productions from gluodynamics by holography

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第4期67卷 31-42页

作者： Song He Li Li Zhibin Li Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China max planck Institute for Gravitational Physics(Albert Einstein Institute) Golm 14476Germany CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Physics and Microelectronics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Understanding the nature of quantum chromodynamics(QCD)matter is important but challenging due to the presence of nonperturbative dynamics under extreme *** construct a holographic model describing the gluon sector of QCD at finite temperatures in the non-perturbative *** equation of state as a function of temperature is in good accordance with the lattice QCD ***,the Polyakov loop and the gluon condensation,which are proper order parameters to capture the deconfinement phase transition,also agree quantitatively well with the lattice QCD *** obtain a strong first-order confinement/deconfinement phase transition at Tc=276.5 Me V that is consistent with the lattice QCD *** on our model for a pure gluon hidden sector,we compute the stochastic gravitational waves and primordial black hole(PBH)productions from this confinement/deconfinement phase transition in the early *** resulting stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds are found to be within detectability in the International Pulsar Timing Array and Square Kilometre Array in the near future when the associated productions of PBHs saturate the current observational bounds on the PBH abundances from the LIGO-Virgo-Collaboration O3 data.

关键词： AdS/QCD confinement/deconfinement phase transition gravitational wave primordial black hole