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A maize WAK-SnRK1a2-WRKY module regulates nutrient availability to defend against head smut disease

Molecular Plant 2024年第11期17卷 1654-1671页

作者： Qianqian Zhang Qianya Xu Nan Zhang Tao Zhong Yuexian Xing Zhou Fan Mingzhu Yan Mingliang Xu State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/National maize Improvement Center/Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Crops research institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangdong 510640P.R.China institute of maize research Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesGongzhulingJilin 136100P.R.China

Obligate biotrophs depend on living hosts for nutrient acquisition to complete their life cycle,yet the mechanisms by which hosts restrict nutrient availability to pathogens remain largely *** fungal pathogen Sporisorium reilianum infects maize seedlings and causes head smut disease in inflorescences at maturity,while a cell wall-associated kinase,ZmWAK,provides quantitative resistance against *** this study,we demonstrate that *** can rapidly activate ZmWAK kinase activity,which is sustained by the 407th threonine residue in the juxtamembrane domain,enabling it to interact with and phosphorylate ZmSnRK1a2,a conserved sucrose non-fermenting-related kinase a *** activated ZmSnRK1a2 translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus,where it phosphorylates and destabilizes the transcription factor *** reduced ZmWRKY53 abundance leads to the downregulation of genes involved in transmembrane transport and carbohydrate metabolism,resulting in nutrient starvation for *** in the ***,our study uncovers a WAK-SnRK1a2-WRKY53 signaling module in maize that conveys phosphorylation cascades from the plasma membrane to the nucleus to confer plant resistance against head smut in maize,offering new insights and potential targets for crop disease management.

关键词： head smut disease Sporisorium reilianum ZmWAK SnRK1a2 phosphorylation nutrient

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Spermine protects intestinal barrier integrity through ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1/phospholipase C-γ1 signaling pathway in piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 135-143页

作者： Guangmang Liu Xiaomei Xu Caimei Wu Gang Jia Hua Zhao Xiaoling Chen Gang Tian Jingyi Cai Jing Wang institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu611130China maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China

Weaning stress can cause tight junctions damage and intestinal permeability enhancement,which leads to intestinal imbalance and growth retardation,thereby causing damage to piglet growth and *** can reduce ***,the mechanism of spermine modulating the intestinal integrity in pigs remains largely *** study aims to examine whether spermine protects the intestinal barrier integrity of piglets through ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1(Rac1)/phospholipase C-g1(PLC-γ1)signaling *** vivo,80 piglets were categorised into 4 control groups and 4 spermine groups(10 piglets per group).The piglets were fed with normal saline or spermine at 0.4 mmol/kg BW for 7 h and 3,6 and 9 *** vitro,we investigated whether spermine protects the intestinal barrier after a tumor necrosis factor a(TNF-a)challenge through Rac1/PLC-γ1 signaling *** in vivo study found that spermine supplementation increased tight junction protein mRNA levels and Rac1/PLC-γ1 signaling pathway gene expression in the jejunum of *** serum D-lactate content was significantly decreased after spermine supplementation(P<0.05).The in vitro study found that 0.1 mmol/L spermine increased the levels of tight junction protein expression,Rac1/PLC-γ1 signaling pathway and transepithelial electrical resistance,and decreased paracellular permeability(P<0.05).Further experiments demonstrated that spermine supplementation enhanced the levels of tight junction protein expression,Rac1/PLC-γ1 signaling pathway and transepithelial electrical resistance,and decreased paracellular permeability compared with the NSC-23766 and U73122 treatment with spermine after TNF-a challenge(P<0.05).Collectively,spermine protects intestinal barrier integrity through Rac1/PLC-γ1 signaling pathway in piglets.

关键词： Spermine Intestinal barrier Rac1/PLC-γ1 signaling pathway Intestinal integrity

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Advances in DNA methylation and its role in cytoplasmic male sterility in higher plants

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 1-19页

作者： Atiqur Rahman Hasan Sofiur Rahman Shakil Uddin Naima Sultana Shirin Akhter Ujjal Kumar Nath Shamsun Nahar Begum Mazadul Islam Afroz Naznin Nurul Amin Sharif Ahmed Akbar Hossain Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh 2202Bangladesh Plant Breeding Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear AgricultureMymensingh 2202Bangladesh Tuber Crop research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Joydebpur 1701Bangladesh Horticulture research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Joydebpur 1701Bangladesh Biotechnology Division Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute(BARI)Joydebpur 1701Bangladesh International Rice research institute Bangladesh OfficeDhaka 1213Bangladesh Division of Soil Science Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research InstituteDinajpur 5200Bangladesh

The impact of epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation on plant phenotypes has expanded the possibilities for crop *** methylation plays a part in the regulation of both the chromatin structure and gene expression,and the enzyme involved,DNA methyltransferase,executes the methylation process within the plant *** regulating crucial biological pathways,epigenetic changes actively contribute to the creation of the ***,epigenome editing may assist in overcoming some of the drawbacks of genome editing,which can have minor off-target consequences and merely facilitate the loss of a gene’s *** drawbacks include gene knockout,which can have such off-target *** review provides examples of several molecular characteristics of DNA methylation,as well as some plant physiological processes that are impacted by these epigenetic changes in the *** also discuss how DNA alterations might be used to improve crops and meet the demands of sustainable and environmentally-friendly farming.

关键词： DNA methylation epigenetics CMS male sterility chromatin architecture gene expression higher plants

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Genetic Diversity of maize Populations Developed by Two Kinds of Recurrent Selection Methods Investigated with SSR Markers

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第9期7卷 1037-1045页

作者： LI Lu-jiang YANG Ke-cheng PAN Guang-tang RONG Ting-zhao maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural University~Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement Ministry of Education Ya＇ an 625014 P.R.China

Two cycles of biparental mass selection （MS） and one cycle of half-sib-S3 family combining selection （HS-S3） for yield were carried out in 2 synthetic maize populations P4C0 and P5C0 synchronously. The genetic diversity of 8 maize populations, including both the basic populations and their developed populations, were evaluated by 30 SSR primers. On the 30 SSR loci, a total of 184 alleles had been detected in these populations. At each locus, the number of alleles varied from 2 to 14, with an average of 6.13. The number and ratio of polymorphic loci in both the basic populations were higher than those of their developed populations, respectively. There was nearly no difference after MS but decreased after HS-S3 in both the basic populations in the mean gene heterozygosity. The mean genetic distance changed slightly after MS but decreased in a bigger degree after HS-S3 in both the basic populations. Analyses on the distribution of genetic distances showed that the ranges of the genetic distance were wider after MS and most of the genetic distances in populations developed by HS-S3 were smaller than those in both the basic populations. The number of genotypes increased after MS but decreased after HS-S3 in both the basic populations. The genetic diversity of intra-population was much more than genetic diversity of inter-population in both the basic populations. All these indexes demonstrated that the genetic diversity of populations after MS was similar to their basic populations, and the genetic diversity was maintained during MS, whereas the genetic diversity of populations decreased after HS-S3. This result indicated that heterogeneity between some of the individuals in the developed populations increased after MS, whereas the populations become more homozygotic after HS-S3.

关键词： maize recurrent selection genetic diversity SSR markers biparental mass selection (MS) half-sib-S3 familycombining selection (HS-S3)

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Fine Mapping of RppP25, a Southern Rust Resistance Gene in maize

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第5期55卷 462-472页

作者： Panfeng Zhao Guobin Zhang Xiaojun Wu Na Li Dianyi Shi Dengfeng Zhang Chunfang Ji Mingliang Xu Shoucai Wang National maize Improvement Center of China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize (Ministry of Agriculture) China Agricultural University National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI) Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Southern rust （Puccinia polysora Underw.） is a major disease that can cause severe yield losses in maize （Zea mays L.）. In our previous study, a major gene RppP25 that confers resistance to southern rust was identified in inbred line P25. Here, we report the fine mapping and candidate gene analysis of RppP25 from the near-isogenic line F939, which harbors RppP25 in the genetic background of the susceptible inbred line F349. The inheritance of resistance to southern rust was investigated in the BC1F1 and BC3F1 populations, which were derived from a cross between F939 and F349 （as the recurrent parent）. The 1：1 segregation ratio of resistance to susceptible plants in these two populations indicated that the resistance is controlled by a single dominant gene. Ten markers, including three simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers and seven insertion/deletion （InDel） markers, were developed in the RppP25 region. RppP25 was delimited to an interval between P091 and M271, with an estimated length of 40 kb based on the physical map of B73. In this region, a candidate gene was identified that was predicted to encode a putative nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat （NBS-LRR） protein. Two co-segregated markers will aid in pyramiding diverse southern rust resistance alleles into elite materials, and thereby improve southern rust resistance worldwide.

关键词： Fine mapping maize Puccinia polysora resistance gene southern rust.

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Drought Tolerance Identification and Eevluation of maize during Flowering Stage in Guangxi

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Asian Agricultural research 2019年第6期11卷 77-84页

作者： Chenglin ZOU Hua TAN Debo ZHENG Ruining ZHAI Aihua HUANG Runxiu MO Xinxing WEI Kaijian HUANG maize research institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Total 20 maize varieties were subjected to drought stress at flowering stage,and then the relative water content,soluble sugar content,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde( MDA) content and superoxide dismutase( SOD) activity in their leaves,as well as their yields were determined. The drought tolerance of the physiological and biochemical indexes was scored by five-level scoring method,and the drought tolerance index was calculated by the yield index to comprehensively evaluate the drought tolerance of maize during flowering stage. The results showed that the scores of drought tolerance of the maize varieties ranged from 1. 929 3 to 5. 659 5. Among them,the scores of Zhengda 619,Guidan 162 and Guidan 0810 were greater than 5. 0,followed by Dika 008,Xianyu 30 T60,Xianzhengda 901,Qingnong 68,South America No. 1 and Wanchuan 1306 of which the scores were in the range of 4. 0-5. 0. The drought tolerance indexes were in the range of 0. 410 4-1. 096 3. Among the test maize varieties,the drought tolerance indexes of Guidan 0810,Pacific 99 and Zhengda 619 were greater than 1. 0,and those of Xianyu 30 T60,Dika 008 and South America No. 1 were in the range of 0. 9-1. 0. The correlation between the two kinds of evaluation results was 0. 588 7 and was extremely significant. The five-level scoring method and the drought tolerance index can be used simultaneously for the evaluation of drought tolerance of maize during flowering stage. The two aspects of evaluation results showed that Guidan 0810,Zhengda 619,Xianyu 30 T60,Dika 008 and South America No. 1 were drought-tolerant varieties,among which Guidan 0810 and Zhengda 619 were extremely highly drought-tolerant varieties.

关键词： maize Drought tolerance identification Drought tolerance index Drought stress Flowering stage

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Arginine, N-carbamylglutamate,and glutamine exert protective effects against oxidative stress in rat intestine

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Animal Nutrition 2016年第3期2卷 242-248页

作者： Liang Xiao Wei Cao Guangmang Liu Tingting Fang Xianjian Wu Gang Jia Xiaoling Chen Hua Zhao Jing Wang Caimei Wu Jingyi Cai institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agicultural University Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural University

The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with arginine(ARG), N-carbamylglutamate(NCG), and glutamine(GLN) on rat intestinal morphology and antioxidant status under oxidative stress. Rats were fed for 30 d with one of the following iso-nitrogenous diets:basal diet(BD), BD plus 1% ARG, BD plus 0.1% NCG, and BD plus 1% GLN. On day 28, half of the rats fed BD were intraperitoneally injected with 12 mg/kg body weight of diquat(DT; i.e., the DT group) and the other half was intraperitoneally injected with sterile solution(i,e., the control group). The other diet groups were intraperitoneally injected with 12 mg/kg body weight of DT(i,e., DT + 1% GLN [DT + GLN],DT + 1% ARG [DT + ARG], and DT + 0.1% NCG [DT + NCG]). Rat jejunum samples obtained at 48 h after DT injection were analyzed. Results showed that DT significantly decreased catalase(CAT) activity and glutathione(GSH) content by 58.25% and 56.57%, respectively, and elevated malondialdehyde(MDA)content and crypt depth(CD) by 19.39% and 22.13%, respectively, in the jejunum(P < 0.05, relative to the control group). Compared with the DT group, the DT + GLN group exhibited significantly improved villus height(VH), villus width(VW), villus surface area(VSA), CD and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC) activity(P < 0.05); the DT + ARG group exhibited significantly increased the ratio of VH to CD(H:D) and TAOC activity(P < 0.05); the DT + GLN, DT + ARG and DT + NCG groups exhibited significantly enhanced CAT activity and GSH content as well as decreased MDA content(P < 0.05). Moreover, VH, VW, VSA, CD and GSH content in the DT + GLN group were higher whereas MDA content was lower compared with the corresponding values observed in both the DT + ARG and the DT + NCG groups(P < 0.05). The H:D ratio in the DT + ARG group significantly increased compared with that in the DT + NCG and DT + GLN groups(P < 0.05). Collectively, this study suggested that dietary supplementation with 1% GLN,

关键词： Arginine Glutamine N-Carbamylglutamate Oxidative stress Jejunum Antioxidant status

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Population genomic analysis reveals key genetic variations and the driving force for embryonic callus induction capability in maize

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2178-2195页

作者： Peng Liu Langlang Ma Siyi Jian Yao He Guangsheng Yuan Fei Ge Zhong Chen Chaoying Zou Guangtang Pan Thomas Lübberstedt Yaou Shen State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China/maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Genetic transformation has been an effective technology for improving the agronomic traits of ***,it is highly reliant on the use of embryonic callus(EC)and shows a serious genotype *** this study,we performed genomic sequencing for 80 core maize germplasms and constructed a high-density genomic variation map using our newly developed pipeline(MQ2Gpipe).Based on the induction rate of EC(REC),these inbred lines were categorized into three *** low-REC germplasms displayed more abundant genetic diversity than the high-REC *** integrating a genome-wide selective signature screen and region-based association analysis,we revealed 95.23 Mb of selective regions and 43 REC-associated *** variants had phenotypic variance explained values ranging between 21.46 and 49.46%.In total,103 candidate genes were identified within the linkage disequilibrium regions of these REC-associated *** genes mainly participate in regulation of the cell cycle,regulation of cytokinesis,and other functions,among which MYB15 and EMB2745 were located within the previously reported QTL for EC *** leaf area-associated variants with large effects were closely linked to several REC-related loci,implying a potential synergistic selection of REC and leaf size during modern maize breeding.

关键词： maize genetic transformation embryonic callus selective signal association analysis

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Identification and functional analysis of miRNAs in developing kernels of a viviparous mutant in maize

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The Crop Journal 2013年第2期1卷 115-126页

作者： Haiping Ding Jian Gao Mao Luo Hua Peng Haijian Lin Guangsheng Yuan Yaou Shen Maojun Zhao Guangtang Pan Zhiming Zhang institute of maize research Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region Ministry of AgricultureSichuan Agricultural University Drug Discovery research Center of Luzhou Medical College Luzhou Medical College Sichuan Tourism University College of Life and Basic Science Sichuan Agricultural University

Given the important roles of miRNAs in post-transcriptional gene regulation, identification of differentially expressed miRNAs will facilitate the elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying kernel development. In this study, we constructed a small RNA library to comprehensively represent the full complement of individual small RNAs and to characterize miRNA expression profiles in pooled ears of maize(Zea mays L.) at 10, 15,20, 22, 25 and 30 days after pollination(DAP). At least 21 miRNAs were differentially expressed. The differential expression of three of these miRNAs, i.e., miR528a, miR167a and miR160b, at each stage was verified by qRT-PCR. The results indicated that these miRNAs might be involved in kernel development. In addition, the predicted functions of target genes indicated that most of the target genes are involved in signal transduction and cell communication pathways, particularly the auxin signaling pathway. The expression of candidate germination-associated miRNAs was analyzed by hybridization to a maize genome microarray, and revealed differential expression of genes involved in plant hormone signaling pathways. This finding suggests that phytohormones play a critical role in the development of maize kernels. We found that in combination with other miRNAs, miR528a regulated a putative laccase, a Ring-H2 zinc finger protein and a MADS box-like protein, whereas miR167a and miR160b regulated multiple target genes,including ARF(auxin response factor), a member of the B3 transcription factor family. All three miRNAs are important for ear germination, development and physiology. The small RNA transcriptomes and mRNA obtained in this study will help us gain a betterunderstanding of the expression and function of small RNAs in the development of maize kernel.

关键词： Ear germination-associated miRNAs Microarray hybridization qRT-PCR Zea mays

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Harnessing the Potential of the Tea Tree Genome

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Molecular Plant 2017年第6期10卷 788-790页

作者： Xianjun Lai James C. Schnable Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Center for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln 68588 USA maize research institute Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 China

Tea is arguably the most popular non-alcoholic beverage in the world. The primary source of tea is the boiled leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis. Agronomic production of tea leaves currently depends heavily on a relatively small number of vegetatively propagated clonal varieties of C. sinensis. However, there is an urgent need for new cultivars, but conventional approaches to breeding can take 22-25 years to produce a new desirable C. sinensis accession （as reviewed by Chert et al., 2007）.

关键词： Harnessing Tea Tree Genome metabolites and downregulation

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