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Enhanced expression of the decoy receptor IL-13Rα2 in macrophages of Schistosomajaponicum-infected mice

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第14期122卷 1650-1654页

作者： WANG Wei SHEN Yu-xian LI Jing ZHANG Shi-hai LUO Qing-li ZHONG Zhen-rong JIANG Zuo-jun SHEN Ji-long Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Department of Pathobiology Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui 230032 China Key Laboratory of Gene resource Utilization for Severe Diseases the Ministry of Education of China and Anhui Province Hefei 230032 China

Background Type 2 cytokine interleukin （IL）-13 and its decoy receptor, IL-13 receptor （R）a2 appear to play a major role in tissue fibrosis of schistosomiasis and asthma. IL-13 is a key regulator of the extracellular matrix （ECM）. It is known to signal to cells by binding to the IL-13Rα1, which then heterodimerizes with IL-4Rα. In contrast, IL-13Rα2 binds IL-13 with high affinity but does not signal. IL-13Rα2 is known to down-regulate granulomatous inflammation and prolong host survival in Schistosoma mansoni （S. mansoni） infection, but little is known about the location and expression level of IL-13Rα2 in the context of S. japonicum infection. Methods We established S. japonicum-infected mouse models. Kinetic serum levels of IL-13Rα2 were examined with ELISA. IL-13Rα2 mRNA and protein of liver tissues were determined by PCR and immunoblotting analysis, respectively. Detection of IL-13Rα2 expression and location in macrophages was performed by TaqMan PCR and fluorescent immunocytochemistry technique, respectively. Results A marked elevation of mRNA and protein expression of IL-13Rα2 was observed in mice during S. japonicum infection. An enhanced expression of IL-13Rα2 was further demonstrated in primary macrophages of murine schistosomiasis. Conclusions IL-13Rα2 in macrophages may be a critical contributor to pathogenesis of schistosomiasis. The data highlight the potential importance of cell signaling and antifibrotic gene therapeutics in T helper 2 cell （Th2）-mediated diseases.

关键词： schistosomiasis macrophages interleukin-13R

维生素A用于发展中国家急性呼吸道感染患儿疗效的Meta分析

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第4期1卷 9-10页

作者： Brown N. Roberts C. 李开 mrc Environmental epidemiology Unit Southampton General Hospital Southampton United Kingdom

目的:以发展中国家急性下呼吸道感染患儿为对象,研究使用大剂量维生素A作为标准疗法的辅助效果。方法:全面回顾对1个月至6岁的急性非麻疹性下呼吸道感染患儿使用大剂量维生素A和安慰剂所进行的双盲随机对照试验研究。结果:共回顾了2177... 详细信息

目的:以发展中国家急性下呼吸道感染患儿为对象,研究使用大剂量维生素A作为标准疗法的辅助效果。方法:全面回顾对1个月至6岁的急性非麻疹性下呼吸道感染患儿使用大剂量维生素A和安慰剂所进行的双盲随机对照试验研究。结果:共回顾了2177例患儿(维生素A组1067例,安慰剂对照组1110例),识别5个标准,主要观察指标:高烧持续时间、呼吸频率。

关键词：急性呼吸道感染 Meta分析下呼吸道感染随机对照试验安慰剂对照组呼吸频率 vitamin 持续时间 mortality 康复时间

Biochemical characteristics of neonatal cholestasis induced by citrin deficiency

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第39期18卷 5601-5607页

作者： Jian-She Wang Xiao-Hong Wang Ying-Jie Zheng Hai-Yan Fu Rui Chen Yi Lu Ling-Juan Fang Takeyori Saheki Keiko Kobayashi Department of Pediatrics Jinshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200540 China The Center for Pediatric Liver Diseas- es Children's Hospital of Fudan University Shanghai 201102 China Department of epidemiology School of Pub- lic Health Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China Institute of resource Development and Anal- ysis Kumamoto University Kumamoto 860-0811 Japan Department of Molecular Metabolism and Biochemical Genetics Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Kagoshima 890-8544 Japan

AIM:To explore differences in biochemical indices between neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency (NICCD) and that with other etiologies. METHODS:Patients under 6 mo of age who were referred for investigation of conjugated hyperbiliru-binaemia from June 2003 to December 2010 were eligible for this study. After excluding diseases affecting the extrahepatic biliary system, all patients were screened for the two most common SLC25A13 mutations; the coding exons of the entire SLC25A13 gene was sequenced and Western blotting of citrin protein performed in selected cases. Patients in whom homo-zygous or compound heterozygous SLC25A13 mutation and/or absence of normal citrin protein was detected were defined as having NICCD. Cases in which no specific etiological factor could be ascertained after a com-prehensive conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia work-up were defined as idiopathic neonatal cholestasis (INC). Thirty-two NICCD patients, 250 INC patients, and 39 infants with cholangiography-confirmed biliary atresia (BA) were enrolled. Laboratory values at their first visit were abstracted from medical files and compared. RESULTS:Compared with BA and INC patients, the NICCD patients had significantly higher levels of total bile acid (TBA) [all measures are expressed as median (inter-quartile range):178.0 (111.2-236.4) μmol/L in NICCD vs 112.0 (84.9-153.9) μmol/L in BA and 103.0 (70.9-135.3) μmol/L in INC, P = 0.0001]. The NICCD patients had significantly lower direct bilirubin [D-Bil 59.6 (43.1-90.9) μmol/L in NICCD vs 134.0 (115.9-151.2) μmol/L in BA and 87.3 (63.0-123.6) μmol/L in INC, P = 0.0001]; alanine aminotransferase [ALT 34.0 (23.0-55.0) U/L in NICCD vs 108.0 (62.0-199.0) U/L in BA and 84.5 (46.0-166.0) U/L in INC, P = 0.0001]; aspartate aminotransferase [AST 74.0 (53.5-150.0) U/L in NICCD vs 153.0 (115.0-239.0) U/L in BA and 130.5 (81.0-223.0) U/L in INC, P = 0.0006]; albumin [34.9 (30.7-38.2) g/L in NICCD vs 38.4 (36.3-42.2) g/L in BA and 39.9 (37

关键词： Cholestasis Biliary atresia Infants Idio-pathic neonatal cholestasis SLC25A13

Effects of population aging on the mortality burden of related cancers in urban and rural areas of China, 2004–2017: a population-based study

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第5期19卷 696-706页

作者： Yali Chen Cuihong Yang Ning Li Zixing Wang Peng Wu Jin Du Jingmei Jiang Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Science/School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China

Objective:China is a developing country with urban–rural disparities and accelerating population ***,quantifying the effects of population aging on the cancer mortality burden is urgently ***:Using data from China’s death surveillance datasets(2004–2017),we decomposed and quantified the effects of population aging and factor variations on cancer mortality rates in urban and rural China during 2004–2017 through a decomposition method.R ratios were used to assess the extent of the mortality decreases attributable to factor variations offsetting the increases attributable to population aging for 4 aging-related cancers(lung,colorectal,esophageal,and stomach cancer).Results:Overall,population aging has led to continued increases in cancer mortality rates in China during 2004–2017(mortality rates attributable to population aging:8.63/100,000 for urban men,4.21/100,000 for urban women,11.95/100,000 for rural men,and 5.66/100,000 for rural women).The 4 cancers displayed 3 *** mortality rates from lung cancer in rural China and from colorectal cancer nationwide increased because of both population aging and factor *** aging was primarily responsible for the growing mortality due to lung cancer in urban ***,for esophageal and stomach cancer,the effect of population aging was not dominant,thus resulting in decreases in mortality ***:Health resource allocation should prioritize areas or cancers more adversely affected by population *** burden of cancer will continue to increase in the future,because of rapid population aging,but can still be offset or even reversed with enhanced cancer control and prevention.

关键词： Population aging cancer mortality rural-urban disparity decomposition

epidemiology, Clinical Features and Antifungal Resistance Profile of Candida auris in Africa: Systematic Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第1期12卷 126-149页

作者： Isidore Wendkièta Yerbanga Seydou Nakanabo Diallo Toussaint Rouamba Delwendé Florence Ouedraogo Katrien Lagrou Rita Oladele Jean-Pierre Gangneux Olivier Denis Hector Rodriguez-Villalobos Isabel Montesinos Sanata Bamba centre Hospitalier Universitaire Régional de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Ecole Doctorale des Sciences De la Santé Université Nazi Boni Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso centre Muraz/Institut National de Santé Publique Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro Institute for Research in Health Sciences National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Microbiology Immunology and Transplantation KU Leuven Leuven Belgium and Department of Laboratory Medicine and National Reference Center for Mycosis Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM) University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium College of Medicine University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria Univ Rennes CHU Rennes Inserm Irset (Institut de recherche en santé environnement et travail) European ECMM Excellence Center in Medical Mycology Université de Rennes Rennes France Department of Microbiology CHU Namur site-Godinne Université Catholique de Louvain Yvoir Belgium Ecole de Santé Publique Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Department of Microbiology Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc—Université Catholique de Louvain Bruxelles Belgium centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sour? Sanou Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Candida auris since it discovery in 2009 is becoming a severe threat to human health due to its very quickly spread, its worldwide high resistance to systemic antifungal drugs. In resource-constrained settings where several conditions are met for its emergence and spread, this worrisome fungus could cause large hospital and/or community-based outbreaks. This review aimed to summarize the available data on C. auris in Africa focusing on its epidemiology and antifungal resistance profile. Major databases were searched for articles on the epidemiology and antifungal resistance profile of C. auris in Africa. Out of 2,521 articles identified 22 met the inclusion criteria. In Africa, nearly 89% of African countries have no published data on C. auris. The prevalence of C. auris in Africa was 8.74%. The case fatality rate of C. auris infection in Africa was 39.46%. The main C. auris risk factors reported in Africa were cardiovascular disease, renal failure, diabetes, HIV, recent intake of antimicrobial drugs, ICU admissions, surgery, hemodialysis, parenteral nutrition and indwelling devices. Four phylogenetic clades were reported in Africa, namely clades I, II, III and IV. Candida auris showed a pan-African very high resistance rate to fluconazole, moderate resistance to amphotericin B, and high susceptibility to echinocandins. Finally, C. auris clade-specific mutations were observed within the ERG2, ERG3, ERG9, ERG11, FKS1, TAC1b and MRR1 genes in Africa. This systematic review showed the presence of C. auris in the African continent and a worrying unavailability of data on this resilient fungus in most African countries.

关键词： Africa Antifungal Resistance Candida auris Clinical Features Phylogenetic Clades

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Risky Sexual Behaviors among Patients with Severe Mental Illness in Uganda: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第2期12卷 203-221页

作者： Caroline Birungi Wilber Ssembajjwe Noah Kiwanuka Noeline Nakasujja Eugene Kinyanda Department of Psychiatry Makerere College of Health Sciences Kampala Uganda Mental Health Section MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit/Senior Wellcome Trust Fellowship Entebbe Uganda Statistical and Data Management Section MRC/UVRI & LSHTM Uganda Research Unit Entebbe Uganda Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Background: Persons living with severe mental illness (SMI) which includes schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder and recurrent major depressive disorder are predisposed to risky sexual behavior (RSB). There is a paucity of data on this problem in sub-Saharan Africa and where research has been undertaken, only a limited range of risk factors have been considered and most of it was undertaken before antiretroviral therapy was universally available, hence the need for this study. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with risky sexual behavior among individuals with SMI attending care in central and south western Uganda. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 393 persons with SMI attending two psychiatric out-patient facilities in Uganda. Psychiatric disorder was confirmed using MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview version 7.2. RSB was defined as engaging in at least one of four risky sexual behaviours that have been associated with HIV infection in the Ugandan psychosocial environment in the last three months using an 8 item RSB questionnaire used for assessment of RSB. Prevalence of RSB and associated correlates were determined using multiple logistic regression. Results: The Prevalence of RSB in last 3 months’ periods was 24.2% (95% CI: 20.2% - 28.7%). The factors that were independently significantly associated with RSB were: trauma related (history of childhood trauma, past and current sexual abuse, past and current physical abuse) current psychosocial challenges (mental health stigma) and psychiatric illness factors (history of a past manic episode, current psychotic episode, severity of depressive symptoms and severity of manic symptoms). Conclusions: One quarter of clinic attending respondents with severe mental illness in Uganda practice risky sexual behaviour. Factors associated with risky sexual behaviour fall under the domains of past and present trauma, current psychosocial challenges

关键词： Risky Sexual Behaviour Severe Mental Illness Adults Uganda

Development and evaluation of the screening performance of a low-cost high-risk screening strategy for breast cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第9期19卷 1375-1384页

作者： Yubei Huang Huan Wang Zhangyan Lyu Hongji Dai Peifang Liu Ying Zhu Fengju Song Kexin Chen Department of Cancer epidemiology and Biostatistics 2Department of Breast ImagingTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of TianjinTianjin’s Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Epidemiology of TianjinKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and TherapyMinistry of EducationTianjin 300060China

Objective:To develop and evaluate the screening performance of a low-cost high-risk screening strategy for breast cancer in low resource ***:Based on the Multi-modality Independent Screening Trial,6 questionnaire-based risk factors of breast cancer(age at menarche,age at menopause,age at first live birth,oral contraceptive,obesity,family history of breast cancer)were used to determine the women with high risk of breast *** screening performance of clinical breast examination(CBE),breast ultrasonography(BUS),and mammography(MAM)were calculated and compared to determine the optimal screening method for these high risk ***:A total of 94 breast cancers were detected among 31,720 asymptomatic Chinese women aged 45–65 *** to significantly higher detection rates(DRs)and suitable coverage of the population,high risk women were defined as those with any of 6 risk *** high risk women,the DR for BUS[3.09/1,000(33/10,694)]was similar to that for MAM[3.18/1,000(34/10,696)],while it was significantly higher than that for the CBE[1.73/1,000(19/10,959),P=0.002].Compared with MAM,BUS showed significantly higher specificity[98.64%(10,501/10,646)vs.98.06%(10,443/10,650),P=0.001],but no significant differences in sensitivity[68.75%(33/48)vs.73.91%(34/46)],positive prediction values[18.54%(33/178)vs.14.11%(34/241)],and negative prediction values[99.86%(10,501/10,516)vs.99.89%(10,443/10,455)].Further analyses showed no significant difference in the percentages of early stage breast cancer[53.57%(15/28)vs.50.00%(15/30)],lymph node involvement[22.73%(5/22)vs.28.00%(7/25)],and tumor size≥2 cm[37.04%(10/27)vs.29.03%(9/31)]between BUS and *** analyses stratified by breast densities or age at enrollment showed similar ***:The low-cost high-risk screening strategy based on 6 questionnaire-based risk factors was an easy-to-use method to identify women with high risk of breast ***,BUS and MAM had comparable screening

关键词： Cancer screening breast cancer high risk mammography ultrasonography

膳食脂肪和心脏代谢健康:证据、争议和指导共识

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英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第3期24卷 144-150页

作者： Nita G Forouhi Ronald M Krauss Gary Taubes Walter Willett 仲琳(译) 王春筱(译) 杨军(校) mrc epidemiology Unit School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK Children′s Hospital Oakland Research Institute and University of California San FranciscoUSA Nutrition Science Initiative San DiegoCaliforniaUSA Departments of Nutrition and epidemiology Harvard T H Chan School of Public HealthHarvard UniversityBostonUSA 烟台毓璜项医院心内科

Nita G Forouhi及其同事认为,尽管在营养研究和制定指南方面存在困难,但公众越来越能理解膳食脂肪和整体饮食的复杂性。

关键词：膳食脂肪心脏代谢复杂性

Prevalence of epilepsy in the onchocerciasis endemic middle belt of Ghana after 27 years of mass drug administration with ivermectin

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第4期12卷 106-106页

作者： Kenneth Bentum Otabil Blessing Ankrah Emmanuel John Bart-Plange Emmanuel Sam Donkoh Fiona Amoabil Avarikame Fredrick Obeng Ofori-Appiah Theophilus Nti Babae Prince-Charles Kudzordzi Vera Achiaa Darko Joseph Ameyaw Joseph Gyekye Bamfo Raji Abdul Sakibu Daniel Antwi-Berko Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo María-Gloria Basáñez Henk D.F.H.Schallig Robert Colebunders NeTroDis Research Group Centre for Research in Applied Biology School of Sciences University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Department of Biological Science School of Sciences University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana Global Health Institute University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium Department of Medical Laboratory Science School of Sciences University of Energy and Natural Resources Sunyani Ghana STU Clinic Sunyani Technical University Sunyani Ghana Happy Family Hospital Nkoranza Ghana Tain District Hospital Nsawkaw Ghana Department of Infectious Disease epidemiology MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis (MRC GIDA) and London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research School of Public Health Imperial College London London UK Department of Medical Microbiology Experimental Parasitology Unit Amsterdam University Medical Centres Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands

BackgroundIn onchocerciasis-endemic areas with high ongoing Onchocerca volvulus transmission,a high prevalence of epilepsy has been *** study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of epilepsy in the Bono Region of Ghana following 27 years of implementation of ivermectin mass drug administration(MDA).MethodsBetween October 2020 and August 2021,cross-sectional surveys were conducted in nine communities in the Tain District and Wenchi Municipality of the Bono Region of *** the first stage,a random door-to-door approach was used to screen the population for epilepsy using a pre-tested *** suspected of having epilepsy were invited for a second-stage neurological examination for case *** *** microfilarial infection status and Ov16 seropositivity were also ***-five confidence intervals(95%CI)for prevalence values were calculated using the Wilson Score *** the 971 participants,500(51.5%)were females,and the median age(interquartile range)was 26(15‒43)*** participants(1.4%,95%CI:1.0‒2.0)were diagnosed as having epilepsy with generalized seizures being the most frequent seizure type(85.7%,12/14).The overall microfilarial prevalence of *** was 10.3%(November 2020)and 9.9%(August 2021);the Ov16 seroprevalence was 22.2%(June 2021).Only 63.2%took ivermectin in the last round of MDA distribution in March *** 1.4%prevalence of epilepsy in the Bono region is similar to the median epilepsy prevalence in sub-Saharan ***,the persistent microfilarial prevalence and low ivermectin study coverage call for the Ghana Onchocerciasis Elimination Programme to step up its efforts to ensure that the gains achieved are consolidated and improved to achieve the elimination of onchocerciasis by 2030.

关键词： Onchocerca volvulus Microflaria Onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy Seizure Ivermectin Mass drug administration Coverage