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Effects of butternut squash extract on dentate gyrus cell proliferation and spatial learning in male adult rats

Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第24期6卷 1855-1859页

作者： mohsen marzban Sara Soleimani Asl Hassan Fallah Huseini mahdi Tondar Samira Choopani mehdi mehdizadeh m.sc of anatomical sciences Tehran University of Medical Sciences anatomical Department Medicine FacultyHamedan University of Medical Sciences Institute of medicinal Plants Jihad University (ACECR)Tehran Young Researcher Club Tehran Physiological & Pharmacological Department Pasture InstituteTehran Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary medicine (RICm) Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehran anatomical Department Medicine FacultyTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran

Previous studies reported that some plants, including butternut squash, exert positive effects on the brain. However, few studies have examined the effects of butternut squash on learning, memory, and neurogenesis. This study studied the effects of butternut squash extract on spatial learning and cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus of healthy male rats. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg butternut squash extract once daily for 2 months. After the last administration, rat＇s spatial memory was studied using the morris water maze. Finally, rats were sacrificed and hippocampal sections were prepared for light microscopy and bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry studies. The results revealed that escape latency and swim distance decreased in all treatment groups compared with the control rats, and that the number of bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells in the dentate gyrus was significantly increased in the treatment groups compared with the controls. These findings suggest that butternut squash extract improves the learning and memory abilities of male rats, and increases the proliferation of dentate gyrus cells.

关键词： butternut squash spatial learning and memory cell proliferation dentate gyrus

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Canonical NF-κB signaling regulates satellite stem cell homeostasis and function during regenerative myoge nesis

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Journal of molecular Cell Biology 2019年第1期11卷 53-66页

作者： Alex R.Straughn Sajedah m.Hindi Guangyan Xiong Ashok Kumar Departments of anatomical sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville School of MedicineLouisvilleKentucky 40202USA

Skeletal m.scle regeneration in adults is attributed to the presence of satellite stem cells that proliferate,differentiate,and eventually fuse with injured ***,the signaling mechanisms that regulate satellite cell homeostasis and function remain less *** IKKp-mediated canonical NF-κB signaling has been implicated in the regulation of myogenesis and skeletal m.scle mass,its role in the regulation of satellite cell function during m.scle regeneration has not been fully ***,we report that canonical NF-κB signaling is induced in skeletal m.scle upon *** cell-specific inducible ablation of IKKβattenuates skeletal m.scle regeneration in adult *** ablation of IKKβalso reduces the number of satellite cells in injured skeletal m.scle of adult mice,potentially through inhibiting their proliferation and *** also demonstrate that the inhibition of specific components of the canonical NF-κB pathway causes precocious differentiation of cultured satellite cells both ex vivo and in ***,our results highlight that the constitutive activation of canonical NF-κB signaling in satellite cells also attenuates skeletal m.scle regeneration following injury in adult ***,our study demonstrates that the proper regulation of canonical NF-κB signaling is important for the regeneration of adult skeletal m.scle.

关键词： myogenesis satellite cells NF-κB proliferation apoptosis inflammation

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Faulty homocysteine recycling in diabetic retinopathy

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 36-46页

作者： Renu A.Kowluru Ghulam mohammad Nikhil Sahajpal Department of Ophthalmology Visual Sciences and Anatomical SciencesWayne State University4717 St.AntoineDetroitMI 48201USA

Background:Although hyperglycemia is the main instigator in the development of diabetic retinopathy,elevated circulating levels of a non-protein amino acid,homocysteine,are also associated with an increased risk of *** is recycled back to methionine by methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(mTHFR)and/or transsulfurated by cystathionineβ-synthase(CBS)to form *** and other transsulfuration enzyme cystathionine-γ-lyase(CSE),through desulfuration,generates H_(2)*** cycle also regulates DNA methylation,an epigenetic modification associated with the gene *** aim of this study was to investigate homocysteine and its metabolism in diabetic ***:Homocysteine and H_(2)S levels were analyzed in the retina,and CBS,CSE and mTHFR in the retinal microvasculature from human donors with established diabetic *** damage was evaluated in retinal microvessels by quantifying enzymes responsible for maintaining mitochondrial dynamics(fission-fusionmitophagy).DNA methylation status of CBS and mTHFR promoters was examined using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation *** direct effect of homocysteine on mitochondrial damage was confirmed in human retinal endothelial cells(HRECs)incubated with 100μm ***:Compared to age-matched nondiabetic control human donors,retina from donors with established diabetic retinopathy had~3-fold higher homocysteine levels and~50%lower H_(2)S *** enzymes important for both transsulfuration and remethylation of homocysteine including CBS,CSE and mTHFR,were 40–60%lower in the retinal microvasculature from diabetic retinopathy *** the mitochondrial fission protein,dynamin related protein 1,and mitophagy markers optineurin and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3(LC3),were upregulated,the fusion protein mitofusin 2 was *** the same retinal microvessel preparations from donors with diabetic retinopathy,DNA at the prom

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy DNA methylation Homocysteine Hydrogen sulfide mitophagy Epigenetics mitochondria Oxidative stress Retina

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New insights into the epigenetic control of satellite cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第6期7卷 945-955页

作者： Viviana moresi Nicoletta marroncelli Sergio Adamo Department of anatomical HistologicalForensic and Orthopaedic SciencesSapienza University of Rome

Epigenetics finely tunes gene expression at a functionallevel without modifying the DNA sequence, thereby contributing to the complexity of genomic regulation. Satellite cells(scs) are adult m.scle stem cells that are important for skeletal post-natal m.scle growth, homeostasis and repair. The understanding of the epigenome of scs at different stages and of the multiple layers of the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is constantly expanding. Dynamic interactions between different epigenetic mechanisms regulate the appropriate timing of m.scle-specific gene expression and influence the lineage fate of scs. In this review, we report and discuss the recent literature about the epigenetic control of scs during the myogenic process from activation to proliferation and from their commitment to a m.scle cell fate to their differentiation and fusion to myotubes. We describe how the coordinated activities of the histone methyltransferase families Polycomb group(Pc G), which represses the expression of developmentally regulated genes, and Trithorax group, which antagonizes the repressive activity of the Pc G, regulate myogenesis by restricting gene expression in a time-dependent manner during each step of the process. We discuss how histone acetylation and deacetylation occurs in specific loci throughout sc differentiation to enable the time-dependent transcription of specific genes. moreover, we describe the multiple roles of micro RNA, an additional epigenetic mechanism, in regulating gene expression in scs, by repressing or enhancing gene transcription or translation during each step of myogenesis. The importance of these epigenetic pathways in modulating sc activation and differentiation renders them as promising targets for disease interventions. Understanding the most recent findings regarding the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate sc behavior is useful from the perspective of pharmacological manipulation for improving m.scle regeneration and for promo

关键词： Histone methylation Histone acetylation m.scle stem cells Adult stem cells Noncoding RNAs Satellite cell activation Satellite cell differentiation Satellite cell quiescence

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Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger Samantha J.Holdsworth Alistair J.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi mātai medical Research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain Research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

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Cell signaling associated with internalization of 67 kDa laminin receptor (67LR) by soluble laminin and its implication for protection against neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第9期14卷 1513-1514页

作者： Rayudu Gopalakrishna Narayan R.Bhat Sarah Zhou William J.mack Department of Integrative anatomical sciences Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Various isoforms of laminins are present in the basement membranes complexed with other structural *** the central nervous system(CNS),they are primarily localized to the basement membranes of blood vessels and reactive *** amounts of various laminin isoforms are also associated with neuronal cell bodies and axons,which are referred to as“neuronal”laminins(Yamamoto et al.,1988).They exist in a soluble form,free from other basement membrane *** either produce these soluble laminins or acquire them from astroglial *** stimulates neuritogenesis and confers neuroprotection in vitro,but their exact role of these neuronal soluble laminins in the CNS is yet unknown.

关键词： Various isoforms basement membranes confers neuroprotection

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Slc7a5 regulation of neural development

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 1994-1995页

作者： Aidan m.Sokolov David m.Feliciano Department of Biological sciences Clemson UniversityClemsonSCUSA

membrane transport proteins are appreciated for their ability to transport molecules across biological membranes and have received a renewed focus for their role in nervous system *** such group of transporters are members of the solute carrier(SLC)*** transporters shuttle various molecules,including neurotransmitters,fatty acids,amino acids,and inorganic *** such,they play an integral role in supplying cells with essential *** example is that amino acids are transported by SLC family ***7a5 is a SLC family member that transports essential amino acids important for neuronal development,as well as other biological molecules including thyroid hormones T3,T4,and ***7a5 forms a heterodimer with Slc3a2 that facilitates the subcellular distribution of *** acids including leucine,glutamine,and arginine support cell growth by activating the protein kinase,mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)(Liu et al.,2020).Consistent with this notion is that Slc7a5 transport of amino acids regulates mTORC1 activity in numerous cell types(Nicklin et al.,2009).A recent manuscript expands upon these findings to demonstrate that Slc7a5 plays a previously unrecognized and critical role in the regulation of mTORC1 activity and neuron development(Sokolov et al.,2020).

关键词： inorganic solute notion

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Obstructive jaundice due to a rare periampullary tumor

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2013年第10期5卷 195-197页

作者： Anjana Sathyamurthy Abhishek Choudhary Dennis Ng Shuaib Okponobi Alberto Diaz-Arias Ajitinder Grewal Ghassan m Hammoud Division of Gastro-enterology and Hepatology University of Missouri-Columbia Department of Pathology and anatomical sciences University of Missouri Health Sciences Center

Gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor predominantly arising in the second part of the duodenum with rare local recurrence or metastasis to regional lymph nodes.A 92-year-old female presented with obstructive *** exam she had pale conjunctiva and icteric *** examination revealed tenderness in the upper *** data was consistent with obstructive *** tomography of the abdomen revealed a dilated gall bladder and a common bile duct(CBD)with no evidence of liver lesions or pancreatic head *** ultrasonography revealed a 1 cm isoechoic submucosal nodule at the periampullary area,dilated CBD(9 mm),a prominent pancreatic duct(4.1 mm)and a hydropic gall bladder with no *** retrograde cholangiopancreaticography was performed to relieve obstruction and showed a 1 cm periampullary mass which underwent an en-bloc snare *** analyses with immunohistochemical stains were positive for cytokeratin,synaptophysin,S-100 protein,neuron specific enolase and negative for actin and desmin consistent with periampullary gangliocytic *** gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare benign tumor of the small *** presentation includes abdominal pain and obstructive jaundice which should be included in differential diagnosis of obstructive *** resection is a curative therapy in the absence of local invasion or distant metastasis.

关键词： Gangliocytic paraganglioma Periampullary tumor Spindle-shaped Epitheloid Ganglion cells Jaundice Duodenum Endoscopic mucosal resection

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Cyber-Physical-Social System Between a Humanoid Robot and a Virtual Human Through a Shared Platform for Adaptive Agent Ecology

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2018年第1期5卷 190-203页

作者： S. m. mizanoor Rahman Department of mechanical Engineering College of Engineering and Sciences Clemson University SC 29634 USA IEEE

Two artificial agents(a humanoid robot and a virtual human) are enriched with various similar intelligence,autonomy, functionalities and interaction modalities. The agents are integrated in the form of a cyber-physical-social system(CPSS) through a shared communication platform to create a social ecology. In the ecology, the agents collaborate(assist each other) to perform a real-world task(search for a hidden object)for the benefits of humans. A robot-virtual human bilateral trust model is derived and a real-time trust measurement method is developed. The role of taking initiative in the collaboration is switched between the agents following a finite state machine model triggered by bilateral trust, which results in a mixedinitiative collaboration. A scheme is developed to evaluate the performance of the agents in the ecology through the *** results show that the robot and the virtual human perform satisfactorily in the collaboration through the CPSS. The results thus prove the effectiveness of the real-world ecology between artificial agents of heterogeneous realities through a shared platform based on trust-triggered mixed-initiatives. The results can help develop adaptive social ecology comprising intelligent agents of heterogeneous realities to assist humans in various tasks through collaboration between the agents in the form of a CPSS.

关键词： Adaptive agent ecology assisted living cyberphysical-social system(CPSS) humanoid robot(HR) smart homes social interaction virtual human(VH) shared platform trust

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Cyclic adenosine monophosphate-elevating agents inhibit amyloid-beta internalization and neurotoxicity:their action in Alzheimer's disease prevention

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第12期18卷 2675-2676页

作者： Rayudu Gopalakrishna Andrew Oh Narayan R.Bhat William J.mack Department of Integrative anatomical sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neuroscience Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA

Recently,we have found that various intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAmP)-e leva ting agents,both pharmacological(dibutyryl-cAmP,forskolin,and rolipram)and physiological(pituitary adenylate cyclase-activa... 详细信息

关键词： action prevention Cyclic

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