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Mapping of powdery mildew resistance genes transferred to common wheat from wild emmer wheat revealed three functional Pm60 haplotypes

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 540-548页

作者： Wenxin Wei Nannan Liu Shengnan Zhang Jing Zhang Wei Pan Xiaoming Xie Zuhuan Yang Junna Sun Jun Ma Zhaorong Hu Weilong Guo Qiaoling Luo Jingzhong Xie Fei He Yinghui Li Chaojie Xie Qixin Sun Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization(MOE)/Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China institute of Advanced agricultural science Peking UniversityWeifang 261200ShandongChina institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Triticeae Research institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina institute of Evolution University of HaifaMt.CarmelHaifa 3498838Israel

Powdery mildew(PM),caused by Blumeria graminis ***(Bgt),is one of the destructive wheat diseases *** emmer wheat(Triticum turgidum ***,WEW),a tetraploid progenitor of common wheat,is a valuable genetic resource for wheat disease resistance breeding *** developed three hexaploid pre-breeding lines with PM resistance genes derived from three WEW *** resistant pre-breeding lines were crossed with susceptible common wheat *** in the F2populations were 3 resistant:1 susceptible,suggesting a single dominant allele in each resistant *** of the resistance gene in each line indicated a single locus on the long arm of chromosome 7A,at the approximate location of previously cloned Pm60 from *** sequencing revealed three different Pm60 haplotypes(Hap 3,Hap 5,and Hap 6).Co-segregating diagnostic markers were developed for identification and selection of each *** resistance function of each haplotype was verified by the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS).Common wheat lines carrying each of these Pm60 haplotypes were resistant to most Bgt isolates and differences in the response arrays suggested allelic variation in response.

关键词： Alleles Blumeria graminus Marker-assisted selection Molecular marker Triticum dicoccoides

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Fine mapping and cloning of the sterility gene Bra2Ms in nonheading Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa ***)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1195-1204页

作者： Liping Song Xia Li Liguang Tang Chuying Yu Bincai Wang Changbin Gao Yanfeng Xie Xueli Zhang Junliang Wang Chufa Lin Aihua Wang Wuhan Vegetable Research institute Wuhan Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430345China Biotechnology and Genetic Resources institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650000China

The application of a male-sterile line is an ideal approach for hybrid seed production in non-heading Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa ***).However,the molecular mechanisms underlying male sterility in *** are still largely *** previously obtained the natural male sterile line WS24-3 of non-heading Chinese cabbage and located the male sterile locus,Bra2Ms,on the A2 *** observations revealed that the male sterility of WS24-3 resulted from disruption of the meiosis process during pollen *** mapping of Bra2Ms delimited the locus within a physical distance of about 129 kb on the A2 chromosome of *** Bra039753 gene encodes a plant homeodomain(PHD)-finger protein and is considered a potential candidate gene for ***039753 was significantly downregulated in sterile line WS24-3 compared to the fertile line at the meiotic anther *** analysis of Bra039753 identified a 369 bp fragment insertion in the first exon in male sterile plants,which led to an amino acid insertion in the Bra039753 *** addition,the 369 bp fragment insertion was found to cosegregate with the male sterility *** study identified a novel locus related to male sterility in non-heading Chinese cabbage,and the molecular marker obtained in this study will be beneficial for the marker-assisted selection of excellent sterile lines in non-heading Chinese cabbage and other Brassica crops.

关键词： non-heading Chinese cabbage male sterility Bra2Ms fine mapping PHD-finger protein

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Hybrid structure of iron single atoms and metallic titanium for photothermal ethanol steam reforming

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science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 848-854页

作者： Dachao Yuan Guanda Han Zhixuan Wang Jianguo Zhao Kailuan Li Pengfei Wang Jianjun Hao Yaguang Li Jinhua Ye College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Technology Innovation Center of Intelligent Agricultural EquipmentHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China Research Center for Solar Driven Carbon Neutrality The College of Physics Science and TechnologyInstitute of Life Science and Green DevelopmentHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics(WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki 305-0044Japan Graduate School of Chemical science and Engineering Hokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0814Japan

Photothermal ethanol steam reforming(ESR) is currently limited by low intrinsic activity and strong solar energy ***,we synthesized Fe single atoms supported on CeO_(2)(SA Fe-CeO_(2)) to exhibit excellent low-temperature ESR activity with a hydrogen production rate of 512 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1) at 350℃,becuase of the high oxidation state of Fe single atoms to weaken the reaction barrier of ethanol ***,a heterostructure of SA Fe-CeO_(2) and Ti foil could eliminate 66% of infrared radiation via the size effect,thus achieving a 3.5 sun-driven temperature of 347℃.Consequently,the heterostructure of SA Fe-CeO_(2) and Ti foil shows a hydrogen generation rate of 984 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1) of ESR and 11.31% of solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency,which outperforms other photothermal ethanol-hydrogen production *** study provides a new path for designing active catalytic sites and trapping light energy of photothermal catalysts.

关键词： photothermal catalysis single atoms heterostructure ethanol steam reforming iron

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Peculiarity of transcriptional and H3K27me3 dynamics during peach bud dormancy

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 38-50页

作者： Yalin Zhao Yong Li Ke Cao Weichao Fang Changwen Chen Xinwei Wang Jinlong Wu Wenwu Guo Lirong Wang The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(Fruit Tree Breeding Technology) Ministry of AgricultureZhengzhou Fruit Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhouHenan 450009China Western Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangjiXinjiang 831100China College of Horticulture and Forestry science Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China

Bud dormancy facilitates the survival of meristems under harsh environmental *** elucidate how molecular responses to chilling accumulation controlling dormancy in peach buds,chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing to identify the H3K27me3 modifications and RNA sequencing of two peach cultivars with pronounced differences in chilling requirement were carried out,the results showed that genes associated with abscisic acid and gibberellic acid signal pathways play key roles in dormancy *** results demonstrated that peach flower bud differentiation occurred continuously in both cultivars during chilling accumulation,which was correlated with the transcript abundance of key genes involved in phytohormone metabolism and flower bud development under adverse *** more increased strength in high chillingrequirement cultivar along with the chilling accumulation at the genome-wide *** function of the dormancy-associated MADS-box gene PpDAM6 was identified,which is involved in leaf bud break in peach and flower development in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum(NC89).In addition,PpDAM6 was positively regulated by PpCBF,and the genes of putative dormancy-related and associated with metabolic pathways were *** together,these results constituted a theoretical basis for elucidating the regulation of peach bud dormancy transition.

关键词： Peach bud Dormancy RNA-seq H3K27me3 Chilling requirement

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Biology of Hippo signaling pathway:Skeletal muscle development and beyond

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1825-1838页

作者： Shuqi Qin Chaocheng Li Haiyan Lu Yulong Feng Tao Guo Yusong Han Yongsheng Zhang Zhonglin Tang Xinjiang Characteristic Livestock Breeding and Reproduction Team College of Animal Science and TechnologyShihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China Lanzhou Veterinary Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730046China Kunpeng institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan Foshan 528226China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518124China

Global demand for farm animals and their meat products i.e.,pork,chicken and other livestock meat,is steadily *** the ongoing life science research and the rapid development of biotechnology,it is a great opportunity to develop advanced molecular breeding markers to efficiently improve animal meat production *** is an important study subject because of its crucial role in the regulation of organ *** recent years,with the increase of research on Hippo signaling pathway,the integrative application of multi-omics technologies such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics can help promote the in-depth involvement of Hippo signaling pathway in skeletal muscle development *** Hippo signaling pathway plays a key role in many biological events,including cell division,cell migration,cell proliferation,cell differentiation,cell apoptosis,as well as cell adhesion,cell polarity,homeostasis,maintenance of the face of mechanical overload,*** influence on the development of skeletal muscle has important research value for enhancing the efficiency of animal husbandry *** this study,we traced the origin of the Hippo pathway,comprehensively sorted out all the functional factors found in the pathway,deeply analyzed the molecular mechanism of its function,and classified it from a novel perspective based on its main functional domain and mode of *** aim is to systematically explore its regulatory role throughout skeletal muscle *** specifically focus on the Hippo signaling pathway in embryonic stem cell development,muscle satellite cell fate determination,myogenesis,skeletal muscle meat production and organ size regulation,muscle hypertrophy and atrophy,muscle fiber formation and its transformation between different types,and *** roles in proliferation and regeneration are methodically summarized and analyzed *** summary and prospect of the Hippo signaling pathway within this a

关键词： Hippo skeletal muscle organ size myogenesis C2C12 livestock animals

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A multi-stream network for retrosynthesis prediction

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Frontiers of Computer science 2024年第2期18卷 231-233页

作者： Qiang ZHANG Juan LIU Wen ZHANG Feng YANG Zhihui YANG Xiaolei ZHANG institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computer ScienceWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China College of Informatics Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430072China

1 Introduction Retrosynthesis aims to predict a set of reactants for producing given molecules[1],which plays a significant part in the biochemistry field,such as molecular pathway design and drug *** existing methods perform better in solving this problem,most of these methods[2,3]only describe the molecules from one kind of perspective,such as they use Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System(SMILES)strings[4]to represent the atomic components and the relationship between atoms of molecules or leverage Extended Connectivity Fingerprints(ECFPs)represent the information of the molecular sub-structure composition via binary vectors[5].

关键词： synthesis reactant hough

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Green manuring relocates microbiomes in driving the soil functionality of nitrogen cycling to obtain preferable grain yields in thirty years

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science China(Life sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 596-610页

作者： Guopeng Zhou Kunkun Fan Songjuan Gao Danna Chang Guilong Li Ting Liang Hai Liang Shun Li Jiudong Zhang Zongxian Che Weidong Cao State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China/institute of agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Resources and Environmental sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China institute of Soil&Fertilizer and Resource&Environment Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200China institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou 730070China

Fertilizers are widely used to produce more food, inevitably altering the diversity and composition of soil organisms. The role of soil biodiversity in controlling multiple ecosystem services remains unclear, especially after decades of fertilization. Here, we assess the contribution of the soil functionalities of carbon(C), nitrogen(N), and phosphorus(P) cycling to crop production and explore how soil organisms control these functionalities in a 33-year field fertilization experiment. The long-term application of green manure or cow manure produced wheat yields equivalent to those obtained with chemical N, with the former providing higher soil functions and allowing the functionality of N cycling(especially soil N mineralization and biological N fixation) to control wheat production. The keystone phylotypes within the global network rather than the overall microbial community dominated the soil multifunctionality and functionality of C,N, and P cycling across the soil profile(0–100 cm). We further confirmed that these keystone phylotypes consisted of many metabolic pathways of nutrient cycling and essential microbes involved in organic C mineralization, N_(2)O release, and biological N fixation. The chemical N, green manure, and cow manure resulted in the highest abundances of amoB, nifH, and GH48 genes and Nitrosomonadaceae,Azospirillaceae, and Sphingomonadaceae within the keystone phylotypes, and these microbes were significantly and positively correlated with N_(2)O release, N fixation, and organic C mineralization, respectively. Moreover, our results demonstrated that organic fertilization increased the effects of the network size and keystone phylotypes on the subsoil functions by facilitating the migration of soil microorganisms across the soil profiles and green manure with the highest migration rates. This study highlights the importance of the functionality of N cycling in controlling crop production and keystone phylotypes in regulating soil functions, an

关键词： soil biodiversity soil multifunctionality element cycling keystone phylotypes

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Revealing the Structure-Property Difference of Natural Rubber Prepared by Different Methods: Protein and Gel Content are Key Factors

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2024年第4期42卷 457-467页

作者： Shao-Qi Huang Jun-Qi Zhang Yong Zhu Ling-Min Kong Lu-Sheng Liao Fu-Quan Zhang Zheng-Tian Xie Jin-Rong Wu State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Rubber Processing Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesZhanjiang524001China

Natural rubber (NR) is widely used in various fields including aerospace, military industry and transportation due to its superior elasticity and comprehensive mechanical properties. Nonetheless, the commercial NR prepared by different methods usually exhibits different mechanical properties, primarily due to variations in processing conditions during the conversion from latex to bulk rubber material. Consequently, this poses challenges in scientific research and industrial production of NR. In order to assess the properties of various commercially available NR and identify key structural and compositional components, this study systematically compares and analyzes four representative NR raw materials: air dried sheet (ADS), ribbed smoked sheets (RSS), constant viscidity NR (CV), and whole field latex rubber (WF). The investigation focuses on evaluating their static mechanical behavior, SIC behavior, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance. The findings indicate that protein and gel content exhibit a crucial influence on the NR properties. These constituents contribute to the formation of a high-crosslinking density region, generating a heterogeneous network structure within the rubber. This structure amplifies strains during deformation, leading to earlier and stronger strain-induced crystallization (SIC). Among the four commercial NR brands, RSS demonstrates superior overall mechanical and dynamic properties owing to its high protein and gel content. This study serves as a valuable reference for comprehending the differences in properties among various commercial NR, thereby offering guidance for the actual processing and selection of NR.

关键词： Natural rubber Processingmethod Protein Gel content Property

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Changes in albedo and its radiative forcing of grasslands in East Asia drylands

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 237-251页

作者： Qingsong Zhu Jiquan Chen Liangxu Wu Yuting Huang Changliang Shao Gang Dong Zhe Xu Xianglan Li State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing science College of Global Change and Earth System Science Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal University Department of Geography Environment and Spatial Sciences Michigan State University State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-Arid Arable Land in Northern China National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences School of Life science Shanxi University

Background Grasslands in drylands are increasingly influenced by human activities and climate change, leading to alterations in albedo and radiative energy balance among others. Surface biophysical properties and their interactions change greatly following disturbances. However, our understanding of these processes and their climatic impacts remains limited. In this study, we used multi-year observations from satellites and eddy-covariance towers to investigate the response of albedo to variables closely associated with human disturbances, including vegetation greenness（EVI） and surface soil volumetric water content（VWC）, as well as snow cover and clearness index（Ta） for their potential *** EVI and VWC during the growing season were the primary factors influencing albedo. EVI and VWC were negatively correlated with albedo, with VWC's total direct and indirect impacts being slightly smaller than those of EVI. During the non-growing season, snow cover was the most influential factor on albedo. VWC and Ta negatively affected albedo throughout the year. We estimated the impact of variations in EVI and VWC on climate to be in the range of 0.004 to 0.113 kg CO2m-2yr-1in *** This study indicates the significant impacts of climate change and human disturbances on vulnerable grassland ecosystems from the perspective of altered albedo. Changes in vegetation greenness and soil properties induced by climate change and human activities may have a substantial impact on albedo, which in turn feedback on climate change, indicating that future climate policies should take this factor into consideration.

关键词： Albedo Global warming potential Grassland Disturbance

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Effect of metal fractions on rice grain metal uptake and biological parameters in mica mines waste contaminated soils

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第2期136卷 313-324页

作者： Saibal Ghosh Sandip Mondal Jajati Mandal Abhishek Mukherjee Pradip Bhattacharyya agricultural and Ecological Research Unit Indian Statistical InstituteGiridihJharkhand 815301India School of science Engineering&EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchester M54WTUK

Heavy metals from mica waste not only deteriorate the soil quality but also results in the uptake of metals in the *** present investigation was conducted to evaluate the effects of different fractions of metals on the uptake in rice,soil microbial and biochemical properties in mica waste-contaminated soils of Jharkhand,*** each active mine,soil samples were randomly collected at distances of100 m(zone 3).Sequential metal extraction was used to determine the fractions of different metals(nickel(Ni),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr)and lead(Pb))including water-soluble(Ws)and exchangeable metals(Ex),carbonate-bound metals(CBD),Fe/Mn oxide(OXD)bound metals,organically bound metals(ORG),and residues(RS).The Ni,Cr,Cd and Pb in rice grain were 0.83±0.41,0.41±0.19,0.21±0.14 and 0.17±0.08 mg/kg *** the variable importance plot of the random forest(RF)algorithm,the Ws fraction of Ni,Cr and Cd and Ex fraction of Pb was the most important predictor for rice grain metal ***,the partial dependence plots(PDP)give us an insight into the role of the two most important metal fractions on rice grain metal *** microbial and enzyme activity was significantly and negatively correlated with Ws and Ex metal fractions,indicating that water-soluble and exchangeable fractions exert a strong inhibitory effect on the soil microbiological parameters and enzyme activities.

关键词： Metal fractions Microbial parameters Mica waste soil Soil enzymes Rice Random forest

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