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Resurgence of measles virus infection in an eliminated country, Sri Lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第5期17卷 208-213页

作者： Merennage Anusha Yasanthi Fernando Gankandage Prabhath Chathuranga Kaanthaka Gunaradha Abeygunasekara Dedunu Dias Weligamage Janaki Indira Abeynayake Department of medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Department of medical Administration Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To describe the situation of measles in Sri Lanka from May to November,2023 and to define the role of virology laboratory towards case confirmation and epidemiological and genetic characterization of the ***:This retrospective study analyzed all samples tested for measles from 1st of May to 30th of November,2023 at National Measles Rubella Laboratory,Sri *** to the World Health Organization(WHO)algorithm,serum and oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs were tested with WHO recommended kits for anti-measles IgM and measles virus specific RNA,*** RNA positive samples were sequenced at reference laboratory,*** of sequencing data and construction of phylogenetic tree were carried out at National Measles Rubella *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:Of the total 1132 serum samples and 497 oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs from 1326 patients,657(49.5%)patients were confirmed as measles by anti-measles IgM,measles virus specific RNA or ***(55.6%,n=365)and the age group from>20 to≤30 years(33.0%,n=217)predominated positive *** provinces reported measles positive *** samples sequenced(100%,n=42)were genotype D8 with 95.2%(n=40)bearing *** ***:We described resurgence of measles in an eliminated country,confirming the genotype to be D8,one of the two genotypes currently circulating ***,the study strongly convinced the importance of a strengthened virological surveillance system in an eliminated country,despite its eliminated status.

关键词： Measles elimination Resurgence of measles Sri Lanka Genotype D8 National Measles Rubella Laboratory

Ferroptosis mediators vary in metabolic syndrome,type-2 diabetes,and hypercholesterolemia:A meta-analysis report

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 109-112页

作者： Indra Kundu Ashlesha Pande Tannishtha Das Susan Idicula-Thomas Biomedical Informatics Centre Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child HealthMumbaiMaharashtra 400012India Department of Biotechnology St.Xavier's CollegeKolkataWest Bengal 700016India

Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a complex disorder characterized by the coexistence of phenotypes such as obesity,hypertension,hyperglycemia,high triglyceride level,and low level of high-density lipoprotein *** majorly dri... 详细信息

关键词： obesity cholesterol diabetes

Design of Biologically Active Macromolecular Ligands and Their Luminescent Complexes with Terbium Ions

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第5期42卷 604-611,I0007页

作者： Tatiana N.Nekrasova Andrei I.Fischer Natalia A.Nesterova Anatoliy V.Dobrodumov Anzhelika V.Garshinina Olga D.Shuvaeva Natalya V.Zakharova Evgenii F.Panarin institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences31 Bolshoy pr.St Petersburg199004Russia Smorodintsev research institute of Influenza Russian Ministry of Health15/17 ul.prof.PopovaSt Petersburg197376Russia

Water-soluble copolymers of p-methacrylamidobenzoic acid(MABA)with neutral comonomers(N-vinylpyrrolidone(VP),N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide(MVAA),N-methacryloyl glucosamine(MAG))and anionic comononer sodium styrene sulfonate(NaSS)were synthesized by radical *** interactions between the prepared copolymers and Tb^(3+)ions in aqueous solutions were studied;the significant influence of chemical structure of a comonomer on luminescence intensity of Tb^(3+)complexes with the copolymers was *** luminescence intensity of Tb^(3+)complexes with the copolymers containing N-vinylamide units(VP,MVAA)is three times more intense than that observed for the complexes between Tb^(3+)and MAG-containing *** the case of NaSS-containing copolymers,the luminescence intensity is controlled by the values of binding constants between Tb^(3+)and MABA and the content of MABA units in a *** studied copolymers and their complexes with Tb^(3+)have low cytotoxicity and a pronounced antiviral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus.

关键词： Luminescence Water-soluble copolymers Lanthanide complexes Antiviral activity Cytotoxicity

Microwave diagnostics of pulsed atmospheric discharge with electrolytic electrode and long-lived luminous formation in its afterglow

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High Voltage 2024年第1期9卷 127-136页

作者： Shixin Zhao Xingbao Lyu Aleksandr Astafiev Chengxun Yuan Lin Miao Jingfeng Yao Ying Wang Anatoly Kudryavtsev Aleksandr Chirtsov Gennadii Shabanov Zhongxiang Zhou School of Physics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina Physics Department Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University“LETI”St.PetersburgRussia Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma Physics and Application Technology HarbinChina Physics Department St.Petersburg State UniversitySt.PetersburgRussia Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics institute National Research Centre“Kurchatov Institute”GatchinaRussia

The Gatchina discharge phenomenon holds significant promise as a laboratory model for simulating ball ***,crucial aspects concerning the plasma components of the resulting afterglow remain ***,the measurement of the electron density,a critical parameter,has not been fully achieved thus *** this study,microwave diagnostics and video recording were employed during a pulsed Gatchina discharge,along with synchronous measurement of discharge current and *** antennas were positioned at different heights to enable separate diagnosis of the discharge and the ensuing long-lived *** findings revealed that during the active phase of the Gatchina discharge,the plasma density was substantial enough to cause reflection of an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 20 GHz from this highly conductive *** the afterglow,the signal experienced only a moderate weakening of 10–20 percent,facilitating the determination of the time dependence of average electron density during the afterglow's passage between the two *** measurements verified the unusually slow plasma decay in the afterglow of the Gatchina discharge,suggesting the potential significance of chemi-ionisation processes involving long-lived(metastable)particles.

关键词： holds luminous electrolytic

Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.O'Dell Charles F.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor Family institute for Innovative Psychiatric research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

Endoplasmic reticulum stress,autophagy,neuroinflammation,and sigma 1 receptors as contributors to depression and its treatment

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第10期19卷 2202-2211页

作者： Chika Fujii Charles F.Zorumski Yukitoshi Izumi Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor Family institute for Innovative Psychiatric research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

The etiological factors contributing to depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are largely undefined. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and autophagy are well-defined mechanisms that play critical functions in recognizing and resolving cellular stress and are possible targets for the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric and neurologic illnesses. An increasing number of studies indicate the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in the control of neuroinflammation, a contributing factor to multiple neuropsychiatric illnesses. Initial inflammatory triggers induce endoplasmic reticulum stress, leading to neuroinflammatory responses. Subsequently, induction of autophagy by neurosteroids and other signaling pathways that converge on autophagy induction are thought to participate in resolving neuroinflammation. The aim of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. studies focused on innate immune factors, including neurosteroids with anti-inflammatory roles will be reviewed. In the context of depression, animal models that led to our current understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying depression will be highlighted, including the roles of sigma 1 receptors and pharmacological agents that dampen endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated neuroinflammation.

关键词： allopregnanolone fluvoxamine ketamine neurosteroids postpartum depression quercetin

Primary lateral sclerosis:more than just an upper motor neuron disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第9期19卷 1881-1882页

作者： Ee Ling Tan Jasmin Lope Peter Bede Computational Neuroimaging Group(CNG) School of MedicineTrinity College DublinIreland Department of Neurology St James’s HospitalDublinIreland

Advances in clinical care and recent research achievements:Primary lateral sclerosis(PLS)has traditionally been regarded as a pure upper motor neuron condition,a view perpetuated by most medical textbooks.

关键词： sclerosis clinical traditionally

IRE1α regulates the PTHrP-IHH feedback loop to orchestrate chondrocyte hypertrophy and cartilage mineralization

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 464-478页

作者： Mengtian Fan Nana Geng Xingyue Li Danyang Yin Yuyou Yang Rong Jiang Cheng Chen Naibo Feng Li Liang Xiaoli Li Fengtao Luo Huabing Qi Qiaoyan Tan Yangli Xie Fengjin Guo Laboratory of Developmental Biology Department of Cell Biology and GeneticsSchool of Basic Medical ScienceChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Laboratory of stem Cells and Tissue Engineering School of Basic Medical ScienceChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Orthopedics The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine State Key Laboratory of TraumaBurns and Combined InjuryTrauma CenterResearch Institute of SurgeryDaping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China

Cartilage development is controlled by the highly synergistic proliferation and differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes,in which the Indian hedgehog(IHH)and parathyroid hormone-related protein-parathyroid hormone-1 receptor(PTHrP-PTH1R)feedback loop is *** inositol-requiring enzyme 1a/X-box-binding protein-1 spliced(IRE1α/XBP1s)branch of the unfolded protein response(UPR)is essential for normal cartilage ***,the precise role of ER stress effector IRE1α,encoded by endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1(ERN1),in skeletal development remains ***,we reported that loss of IRE1α accelerates chondrocyte hypertrophy and promotes endochondral bone ***1 acts as a negative regulator of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation in postnatal growth *** deficiency interrupted PTHrP/PTH1R and IHH homeostasis leading to impaired chondrocyte hypertrophy and ***1s,produced by p-IRE1α-mediated splicing,binds and up-regulates PTH1R and IHH,which coordinate cartilage ***,ER stress cannot be activated normally in ERN1-deficient *** conclusion,ERN1 deficiency accelerates chondrocyte hypertrophy and cartilage mineralization by impairing the homeostasis of the IHH and PTHrP/PTH1R feedback loop and ER ***1 may have a potential role as a new target for cartilage growth and maturation.

关键词： Cartilage development ER stress ERN1 IHH PTHrP/PTH1R

CYP3A5 unexpectedly regulates glucose metabolism through the AKT-TXNIP-GLUT1 axis in pancreatic cancer

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 381-399页

作者： Ming Shao Qingfei Pan Haiyan Tan Jing Wu Ha Won Lee Andrew D.Huber William C.Wright Ji-Hoon Cho Jiyang Yu Junmin Peng Taosheng Chen Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of Computational Biology St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of structural Biology St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA Department of Developmental Neurobiology St.Jude Children's Research HospitalMemphisTN 38105USA

CYP3A5 is a cytochrome P450(CYP)enzyme that metabolizes drugs and contributes to drug resistance in ***,it remains unclear whether CYP3A5 directly influences cancer *** this report,we demonstrate that CYP3A5 regulates glucose metabolism in pancreatic ductal ***-omics analysis showed that CYP3A5 knockdown re-sults in a decrease in various glucose-related metabolites through its effect on glucose trans-port.A mechanistic study revealed that CYP3A5 enriches the glucose transporter GLUT1 at the plasma membrane by restricting the translation of TXNIP,a negative regulator of ***,CYP3A5-generated reactive oxygen species were proved to be responsible for atten-uating the AKT-4EBP1-TXNIP signaling ***3A5 contributes to cell migration by maintaining high glucose uptake in pancreatic *** together,our results,for the first time,reveal a role of CYP3A5 in glucose metabolism in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and identify a novel mechanism that is a potential therapeutic target.

关键词： Cell migration CYP3A5 Glucose metabolism GLUT1 Pancreatic cancer TXNIP