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Stepping up after spinal cord injury:negotiating an obstacle during walking

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frigon Charly G.Lecomte Department of Pharmacology-physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the gait pattern to negotiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiology obstacle negotiation spinal cord injury

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Congo-Brazzaville Pygmies

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2016年第7期6卷 211-217页

作者： Simplice Innocent Moussouami Eddie Janvier Bouhika Florent Nsompi Jean Michel Bazaba Kayilou François Mbemba Alphonse Massamba The effort laboratory of physiology Biomechanics and Nutrition Superior Institute of Physical Education Uni-versity Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Congo Interdisciplinary laboratory Companies Sport Health and Development National School of Administration and Magistracy University Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Congo

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and determinants of overall cardiovascular risk among the pygmies of Congo Brazzaville. Methods: Cross-analysis of anthropometric data, clinical and laboratory 273 indigenous subjects including 54 patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 183 without CVD, aged 29 to 69 years. The cardiovascular risk stratification table WHO/ISH 2003 was used to assess overall cardiovascular risk level. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the independent determinants of cardiovascular risk using the global left ventricular hypertrophy as a marker. Results: Fifty-four subjects had cardiovascular disease (CVD), including 31 women (36.7%). They were aged 51.9 ± 12.4 years (p < 0.05) and showed a high blood pressure in short-long (100 ± 77 vs 32 ± 48 months;p < 0.001). It was also found a pulse pressure, PPO (58 ± 8 vs 51 ± 4 mmHg). In multivariate analysis, HDL-C levels, fasting glucose, age greater than 50 years and the higher parity or equalizes to 5 among women have emerged as key determinants of CVD risk. Conclusion: Whatever the stage, arterial hypertension in this study is associated at the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) high at the Pygmies of Congo, emphasizing the need for a more aggressive follow-up strategy.

关键词： Cardiovascular Risk Determinants Prevalence Pygmy Congo

Relationship between Category of Weight and Threshold of Maximum Oxidation of Lipids in Congolese Judoists

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第7期5卷 74-83页

作者： Jean Georges André Moulongo Alphonse Massamba Jean Itoua Okemba Massala Kitanga Fêtra Néla Packa Bernard Tchissambou laboratory of physiology of the effort and biomechanics Higher Institute of Physical and Sporting Education Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Unit Fundamental and Applied Human Movement Sciences Laboratory Higher Institute of Physical Education and Sports Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo

Background: One of the goals for training in judo is to mimic real situations. In subsaharian countries;there is a lack of knowledge considering relation between category of weight and threshold maximum oxidation of lipids. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to analyze the effect of category of weight on lipoxmax and to identify the zones of target intensities corresponding to lipoxmax. Materials and Methods:Twenty four male well-training judoists, divided in two groups according to weight, were evaluated during calorimetry effort’ test. For this situation, cardiorespiratory parameters (HR, VO2, VO2max), blood parameter (lactatemia), anthropometric variables and zones of target corresponding to lipox were evaluated. For statistical analysis, Shapiro-Wilks test was used to compare all the data and differences were confirmed by one-way variance. Results: No significant differences were observed among two groups for target intensities to lipox. The judoists of group 1 were aged to 24.1 ± 5.9 years with 1.78 ± 0.07 m versus 20.4 ± 1.6 years with 1.86 ± 0.04 m. Primary results indicated higher intensities for lipoxmax. Also, values of power (% LDC) and VO2 and were significantly higher in the judoists for group 2, with respectively: 45.3 ± 10.2 and 46.4 ± 8.6 ml/min versus 38.2 ± 7.2 and 31.3 ± 7.6 ml/min. Conclusion: High weight in judoists induces high intensities of lipoxmax and change oxidation of lipids markers following training.

关键词： Judo Oxidation of Lipids Lipoxmax Weight Category

Effects of Voluntary Apnea on Haemodynamic Responses during Groundwork Techniques of Judo

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2016年第9期6卷 300-311页

作者： Jean Georges André Moulongo Elvina Lys Surêche Massamba Alphonse Massamba Bernard Packa Tchissambou effort laboratory of physiology Biomechanics Superior Institute of Physical Education University Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Congo Division of Research Documentation and the Files National Institute of Youth and Sports Brazzaville Congo laboratory of Nutrition Health and Human Motricity Superior Institute of Physical Education University Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Congo

Context: Several studies were conducted on physiology of apnea in scuba diving. No survey has been reported in fighting sports. Objective: To evaluate cardiovascular variations misled by voluntary apnea during groundwork techniques of judo training. Methods: The temporal evolution of heart rate and modifications of the blood pressure have been investigated during cross sectional and experimental study. A total of 28 Congolese judoists took part in the study. The voluntary apnea was achieved by a judoist to try to carry out two kinds of groundwork (hon-gesagatame and kamishiho-gatame). According to the case, Student t test and analysis of variance were used for comparing data. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the effect of “type of groundwork technique × category of weight”. Results: Between 0 and 3 seconds, tachycardia has been observed during the static groundwork techniques and then bradycardia occurred to 3 - 9 seconds for the dynamic groundwork techniques : +6.8% of the rest frequency versus -9.4% for hon-gesa;+4.9% versus -13.7% for kami-shiho. Thereafter, it followed a fluctuation of heart rate of 9 - 15 seconds. Beyond, a stagnation was noted for hongesa, whereas a minimal increase (<5%) for kami-shiho. In relation to the systolic arterial pressure, a meaningful rise was recovered: +46.5% (hon-gesa) versus +50.1% (kami-shiho) in static exercise;+43.4% (hon-gesa) versus +43.3% (kami-shiho) in dynamic exercise. The report was similar for the diastolic arterial pressure: +31.5% (hon-gesa) versus 30.0% (kami-shiho) in static exercise;+20.3% (hon-gesa) versus +23.8% (kami-shiho) in dynamic exercise. Conclusion: The apnea consecutive to the hindrance of an exit groundwork technique to judo drags bradycardia increased while exercise realized static posture, and a rise of the arterial pressure.

关键词： Apnea Heart Rate Arterial Pressure Groundwork Technique of Judo

Effects of soccer training on health-related physical fitness measures in male adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第2期7卷 169-175页

作者： Amri Hammami Morten B.Randers Sofien Kasmi Mohamed Razgallah Zouhaier Tabka Karim Chamari Ezdine Bouhlel laboratory of physiology Faculty of Medicine of SousseUniversity of Sousse Department of Sports Science and Clinical biomechanics SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC)University of Southern Denmark Sport Performance Optimization Research LaboratoryNational Center of Medicine and Sciences in Sport Athlete Health and Performance Research Centre AspetarQatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital

Purpose: The aims of this study were to(1) investigate the health-related physical fitness profile of untrained adolescent boys in comparison to adolescent soccer players,(2) determine the intensity and enjoyment of 6 v 6 and 4 v 4 small-sided games, and(3) evaluate the health-related effects of a short-period of soccer training in the untrained ***: Forty-one adolescent boys(untrained, n = 24: age = 15.9 ± 0.6 years; trained, n = 17: age = 15.7 ± 0.7 years) were recruited. For Purpose 1,the players(n = 17) and the untrained(n = 24) boys were tested for speed, jumping power, postural balance, flexibility, and aerobic capacity. After baseline testing, Purposes 2 and 3 were addressed by randomly assigning the untrained boys to either a soccer-training group(small-sided games,2 sessions per week for 8 weeks) or to a control group, followed by identical ***: At baseline, physical fitness was higher(p < 0.001) in trained players than in untrained for aerobic fitness, sprinting, jumping power, and postural balance. Small-sided games using 6 v 6 or 4 v 4 elicited similar heart rate(HR)(mean: ~ 85% peak heart rate, HR_(peak)), rate of perceived exertion, and enjoyment responses. Over 8 weeks, the between-group analysis revealed that soccer training had a large beneficial effect on postural balance(45%) when compared with control group with unclear effects on other fitness ***: Adolescent soccer players had markedly higher physical fitness compared with untrained adolescents. Small-sided soccer games practiced by untrained adolescents elicited high exercise intensity. While 8 weeks of twice-weekly soccer training sessions induced significant improvement in postural balance, the short duration of the study was not sufficient to result in between-group differences in sprint and jump performance or aerobic fitness.

关键词： Enjoyment Football Heart rate Small-sided games Training

Prevalence, Factors Associated with Obesity and Overweight among Students in Brazzaville in 2020

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第1期13卷 65-77页

作者： Simplice Innocent Moussouami Issiako Bio Nigan Yvon Rock Ghislain Alongo Polycarpe Gouthon François Mbemba Sport Health and Evaluation Research Unit (UR/SSE) National Institute for Youth Physical Education and Sport (INJEPS) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Porto-Novo Benin laboratory of physiology of effort and biomechanics (LPB) Higher Institute of Physical Education and Sport (ISEPS) Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing dramatically around the world and it is reasonable to assume that young people attending school in Brazzaville are not spared. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, as well as the factors associated with obesity and overweight among students in Brazzaville. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, conducted as a questionnaire survey with 2052 pupils (869 boys and 1183 girls, aged 14 to 18). Obesity and overweight were determined from the body mass index and reference curves of the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), the associated factors, by performing the logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of overweight in private and public institutions was 15.6% versus 5.5% (p and obesity prevalence was 4.0% versus 1.5% (p monthly income (OR = 1.73), car as a means of transportation (OR = 2.75) and family history of obesity (OR = 7.73). On the other hand, attending a public school, walking and high levels of physical activity had a protective effect against obesity in this population. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity was higher in private institutions and required management and prevention strategies.

关键词： Adolescents Secondary Schools Weight Status Risk Factors Republic of Congo

Postural control deficits identify lingering post-concussion neurological deficits

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第1期5卷 61-69页

作者： Thomas A.Buckley Jessie R.Oldham Jaclyn B.Caccese Department of Kinesiology andApplied physiology Interdisciplinary Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science 150 Human Performance Laboratory University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA Interdisciplinary program in biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA

Concussion,or mild traumatic brain injury,incidence rates have reached epidemic levels and impaired postural control is a cardinal *** purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the linear and non-linear assessments of post-concussion postural *** current acute evaluation for concussion utilizes the subjective balance error scoring system(BESS) to assess postural *** the sensitivity of the overall test battery is high,the sensitivity of the BESS is unacceptably low and,with repeat administration,is unable to accurately identify *** measures of postural control,utilizing traditional linear assessments,have identified impairments in postural control well beyond BESS *** assessments of quiet stance and gait have identified lingering impairments for at least 1 month ***,the application of non-linear metrics to concussion recovery have begun to receive limited attention with the most commonly utilized metric being approximate entropy(Ap En).Ap En,most commonly in the medial-lateral plane,has successfully identified impaired postural control in the acute post-concussion timeframe even when linear assessments of instrumented measures are equivalent to healthy pre-injury values;unfortunately these studies have not gone beyond the acute phase of *** study has identified lingering deficits in postural control,utilizing Shannon and Renyi entropy metrics,which persist at least through clinical recovery and return to ***,limited evidence from two studies suggest that individuals with a previous history of a single concussion,even months or years prior,may display altered Ap En ***,non-linear metrics provide a fertile area for future study to further the understanding of postural control impairments acutely post-concussion and address the current challenge of sensitive identification of recovery.

关键词： Balance Concussion Mild traumatic brain injury Postural control Variability

Effects of shear stress on differentiation of stem cells into endothelial cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第7期13卷 894-913页

作者： Yan Huang Jia-Yi Qian Hong Cheng Xiao-Ming Li Key laboratory for biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical EngineeringSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing 100083China

Stem cell transplantation is an appealing potential therapy for vascular diseases and an indispensable key step in vascular tissue *** effort has been made to differentiate stem cells toward vascular cell phenotypes,including endothelial cells(ECs)and smooth muscle *** microenvironment of vascular cells not only contains biochemical factors that influence differentiation but also exerts hemodynamic forces,such as shear stress and cyclic *** recently,studies have shown that shear stress can influence the differentiation of stem cells toward ECs.A deep understanding of the responses and underlying mechanisms involved in this process is essential for clinical *** review highlights current data supporting the role of shear stress in stem cell differentiation into *** mechanisms and signaling cascades for transducing shear stress into a biological signal are *** study of stem cell responses to shear stress will be necessary to apply stem cells for pharmacological applications and cardiovascular implants in the realm of regenerative medicine.

关键词： Shear stress Stem cells Cell differentiation Endothelial cells Mechanotransduction

Physiotherapeutic techniques used in the management of patients with peripheral nerve injuries

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第11期10卷 1770-1772页

作者： Krzysztof Suszynski Wieslaw Marcol Dariusz Gorka Department of Physiotherapy Department of Sports Medicine and Physiology of Physical Effort School of Health Sciences in Katowice Medical University of Silesia Department of physiology School of Medicine in Katowice Medical University of Silesia

Peripheral nerve injuries affect a wide range of functional,manual and social function,and frequently lead to constant *** complete transection of nerve,axonal degeneration process gives rise to a variety of symptoms including hyperesthesia,reduced or altered sensation,pain and atrophy（Lee and Wolfe,2000）.With an array of choices for surgical and treating peripheral nerve injuries, there is also, a lot of new, coherent strategies on rehabilitation and physiotherapy protocols - which should be indispensable after injury. Physiotherapy, with a view to compensate dysfunctions relieves in sensory symptoms and creates grater neuroplasticital potential, forms essential part of the treatment for people after peripheral nerve injuries （Inoue et al., 2003）.

关键词：表单创伤和损伤感觉过敏内皮缩血管肽类铅疼痛萎缩血气分析