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Genetic and epigenetic alterations associated with gestational diabetes mellitus and adverse neonatal outcomes

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World Journal of Clinical pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 6-20页

作者： Amreen Shamsad Tanu Gautam Renu Singh Monisha Banerjee Molecular and Human Genetics laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a metabolic disorder,recognised during 24-28 weeks of *** is linked with adverse newborn outcomes such as macrosomia,premature delivery,metabolic disorder,cardiovascular,and neurological *** investigations have focused on the correlation of genetic factors such asβ-cell function and insulin secretary genes(transcription factor 7 like 2,potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily q member 1,adipo-nectin etc.)on maternal metabolism during gestation leading to *** alterations like DNA methylation,histone modification,and miRNA expression can influence gene expression and play a dominant role in feto-maternal meta-bolic *** between genes and environment,resulting in differ-ential gene expression patterns may lead to *** suggested that GDM women are more susceptible to insulin resistance,which alters intrauterine surroundings,resulting hyperglycemia and *** modi-fications in genes affecting neuroendocrine activities,and metabolism,increase the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in *** is currently no treatment or effective preventive method for GDM,since the molecular processes of insulin resistance are not well *** present review was undertaken to un-derstand the pathophysiology of GDM and its effects on adverse neonatal *** addition,the study of genetic and epigenetic alterations will provide lead to researchers in the search for predictive molecular biomarkers.

关键词： Gene expression Gestational diabetes mellitus Feto-maternal outcome Epigenetic alteration Molecular biomarkers

Cardiovascular involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and midterm follow-up from a pediatric tertiary center in India

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World Journal of Clinical pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 127-138页

作者： Poovazhagi Varadarajan Ritchie Sharon Solomon Seenivasan Subramani Ramesh Subramanian Gomathy Srividya Elilarasi Raghunathan Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Institute of Child Health and Hospital for ChildrenMadras Medical CollegeChennai 600003Tamil NāduIndia Department of Pediatric Cardiology Institute of Child Health and Hospital for ChildrenMadras Medical CollegeChennai 600003Tamil NāduIndia Department of pediatrics Institute of Child Health and Hospital for ChildrenMadras Medical CollegeChennai 600003Tamil NāduIndia

BACKGROUND In multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children(MIS-C)with coronavirus disease 2019,there was paucity of data from low-income and middle-income countries on cardiovascular involvement and its longitudinal *** planned to estimate the pattern of cardiovascular involvement among children with MIS-C and its mid-term *** To determine association between cardiovascular abnormalities and clinical and laboratory *** study the time-line for resolution of various *** In this prospective study done in a tertiary care hospital,270 were recruited from June 2020 to January *** demographic data and clinical presentation were *** parameters and echocardiography were done at ***-up was done at 2 weeks,3 months,6 months and 1 year after *** statistics were used for parametric and non-parametric *** factors were identified by multivariate regression *** The 211(78.2%)had cardiac involvement and 102 needed intensive care unit(ICU)*** abnormalities observed were shock 123(45.6%),coronary dilatation 28(10.4%),coronary aneurysm 77(28.5%),left ventricular(LV)dysfunction 78(29.3%),mitral regurgitation(MR)77(28.5%)and pericardial effusion 98(36.3%).Coronary artery aneurysm/dilatation during follow-up at 2 weeks and 1 year were 25.7%and 0.9%*** regression analysis revealed breathlessness[odds ratio(OR)=3.91,95%CI:1.25-12.21,P=0.019]and hi-flow nasal cannula(HFNC)support(OR=8.5,95%CI:1.06-68.38,P=0.044)as predictors of cardiovascular *** mean age(OR=1.16,95%CI:1.02-1.32,P=0.026),breathlessness(OR=4.99,95%CI:2.05-12.20,P<0.001),gallop(OR=4.45,95%CI:0.41-2.52,P=0.016),MR(OR=3.61,95%CI:1.53-8.53,P=0.004)and invasive ventilation(OR=4.01,95%CI:1.28-12.58,P=0.017)were predictive of LV *** sensorium(OR=4.96,95%CI:2.23-11.02,P<0.001),headache(OR=6.61,95%CI:1.46-29.92,P=0.014),HFNC(OR=7.03,95%CI:2.0

关键词： Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children Cardiovascular Midterm follow-up Coronary artery aneurysm Shock Left ventricular dysfunction

Molecular epidemiology of coxsackievirus A16 circulating in children in Beijing, China from 2010 to 2019

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World Journal of pediatrics 2021年第5期17卷 508-516页

作者： Ya-Fang Hu Li-Ping Jia Fang-Yuan Yu Li-Ying Liu Qin-Wei Song Hui-Jin Dong Jie Deng Yuan Qian Lin-Qing Zhao Li Deng Hui Huang Ru-Nan Zhu laboratory of Virology.Beijing Key laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children Capital Institute of Pediatrics2 Yabao RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100020China Department of Clinical laboratory Shanghai Children's HospitalShanghai Jiaotong UniversityLuding Road 355Putuo DistrictShanghai 200040China Department of Clinical laboratory Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics2 Yabao RoadBeijing 100020China Department of Infectious Diseases Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics2 Yabao RoadBeijing 100020China

Background Coxsackievirus A16(CVA16)is one of the major etiological agents of hand,foot and mouth discase(HFMD).This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology and evolutionary characteristics of *** Throat swabs were collected from children with HFMD and suspected HFMD during ***(EVs)were detected and typed by real-ime reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and *** genotype,evolutionary rate,the most recent common ancestor,population dynamics and selection pressure of CVA16 were analyzed based on viral protein gene(VPI)by bioinformatics *** A total of 4709 throat swabs were *** were detected in 3180 samples and 814 were CVA16 *** than 81%of CVA 16-positive children were under 5 years *** prevalence of CVA 16 showed obvious periodic fluctuations with a high level during 2010--2012 followed by an apparent decline during ***,the activities of CVA16 increased gradually during *** the Beijing CVA16 strains belonged to sub-genotype BI,and B Ib was the dominant *** B Ic strain was detected in Bejing for the first time in *** estimated mean evolutionary rate of VPI gene was 4.49x 103 substitution/site/*** gradually fixed at site-23 of VP1 since *** sites were detected under episodic positive selection,one of which(site-223)located in neutralizing linear epitope *** The dominant strains of CVA 16 belonged to clade B lb and evolved in a fast evolutionary rate during 2010-2019 in *** provide more favorable data for HFMD prevention and control,it is necessary to keep attention on molecular epidemiological and evolutionary characteristics of CVA16.

关键词： Coxsackievirus A16 Genetic evolution Molecular epidemiology Phylogenetic analysis

Characterization of CircRNA-Associated CeRNA Networks in Folate Deficiency-Induced Neural Tube Defects

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第9期36卷 837-849页

作者： WANG Shan ZENG Yu Bing PEI Pei HE Xue Jia LIU Fan WANG Yi ZHANG Ting Beijing Municipal Key laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China Capital Institute of pediatrics-Peking University Teaching Hospital Beijing 100020China Children's Hospital Capital Institute of pediatrics Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100020China

Objective Circular RNAs(circRNAs)participate in several important pathological processes and have been used in the diagnosis and treatment of various *** study aimed to investigate the role of circRNAs in neural tube defects(NTDs).Method We characterized circRNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA)networks in brain tissue of low folate-induced NTDs mouse at embryonic day 13.5 by high-throughput *** expression levels of Circzfp644,miR-20-5p and Gas7 were detected by ***7 and Circzfp644functions were determined by miRNA-mimics and inhibitors in mouse teratocarcinoma cells(F9 cells),and luciferase gene reporter assay was assessed in the F9 *** addition,the expression levels of Circzfp644,miR-20-5p and Gas7 were determined by Nanostring in human NTDs *** We detected 57 circRNA transcripts,16 miRNAs,and 148 mRNAs that were significantly dysregulated in NTDs brain tissues compared with their expression levels in control(normal)***644 shared miRNA response elements with the growth arrest specific 7(Gas7)gene and competitively bound with miR-20-5p to increase the expression of *** of Circzfp644and Gas7 and upregulation of miR-20-5p were found in human NTD *** This study provides new perspectives on the role of circRNAs in nervous system development and the pathogenesis of NTDs.

关键词： Circzfp644 Gas7 miR-20-5p Folate deficiency NTDs

Human bocavirus 1 and 2 genotype-specific antibodies for rapid antigen testing in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections

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World Journal of pediatrics 2023年第10期19卷 1009-1016页

作者： Ri De Yan-Peng Xu Fang Wang Yu-Tong Zhou Pan-Deng Shi Ru-Nan Zhu Yu Sun Li-Ying Liu Li-Ping Jia Hui-Jin Dong Hui Zhao Cheng-Feng Qin Lin-Qing Zhao laboratory of Virology Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in ChildrenCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijing 100020China State Key laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyAcademy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing100071China

Background Previous serological studies of human bocavirus(HBoV)1 could not exclude cross-reactivity with the other three HBoVs,particularly *** To search for genotype-specific antibodies against HBoV1 and HBoV2,the divergent regions(DRs)located on the major capsid protein VP3 were defined through viral amino acid alignment and structure ***-deduced peptides were used as antigens to harvest corresponding anti-DR rabbit *** determine their genotype specificities for HBoV1 and HBoV2,these sera samples were used as antibodies against the antigens VP3 of HBoV1 and HBoV2(expressed in Escherichia coli)in western blotting(WB),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and bio-layer interferometry(BLI)***,the antibodies were evaluated with clinical specimens from pediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infection by indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA).Results There were four DRs(DR1–4)located on VP3 with different secondary and tertiary structures between HBoV1 and *** the reactivity with VP3 of HBoV1 or HBoV2 in WB and ELISA,high intra-genotype cross-reactivity of anti-HBoV1 or HBoV2 DR1,DR3,and DR4,but not anti-DR2,was ***-specific binding capacity of anti-DR2 sera was confirmed by BLI and IFA,in which only anti-HBoV1 DR2 antibody reacted with HBoV1-positive respiratory *** Antibodies against DR2,located on VP3 of HBoV1 or HBoV2,were genotype specific for HBoV1 and HBoV2,respectively.

关键词： Divergent regions Genotype-specific antibody Human bocavirus 1 and 2 Major capsid protein VP3

COLORIMETRIC DETECTION OF CARBENICILLIN USING CATIONIC POLYTHIOPHENE DERIVATIVES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第11期31卷 1484-1490页

作者： Gui-ying Liu Min-huan Lan 刘卫敏 Jia-sheng Wu Jie-chao Ge Hong-yan Zhang Department of pediatrics Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical University Key laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

A water-soluble, polythiophene-based colorimetric sensor was designed for selective and sensitive detection of carbenicillin in HEPES buffer solution. Quaternized quinine was linked to thiophene through bis-functionality benzyl group, which can interact with carbenicillin via electrostatic interaction and geometric match effect. The sensor exhibited a colorimetric signal change upon the addition of carbenicillin because of the formation of more nonplanar structures. However, the addition of other beta-lactarn antibiotics or dicarboxylic acids into the sensor solution caused no obvious changes in absorbance intensity ratio. This result may be attributed to the cavity formed by the semi-rigid framework of PTQ2, which is suitable for the special binding with carbenicillin. This novel sensor can effectively distinguish carbenicillin from other beta-lactam antibiotics and has a wide linear range response in HEPES buffer solution. Linear calibration curves are obtained with 0 to 18 μmol/L of HEPES buffer solution, with a limit of detection of 0.54μmol/L.

关键词： Polythiophene Colorimetric sensor Antibiotics.

Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor inhibits hippocampal synaptic reorganization in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rats

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第11期9卷 903-915页

作者： Hai-ju ZHANG Ruo-peng SUN Ge-fei LEI Lu YANG Chun-xi LIU Department of pediatrics Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan 430060 China Department of pediatrics Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012 China Key laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan 250012 China

Objective： To examine modulations caused by cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） inhibitors on altered microenvironments and overbalanced neurotransmitters in pilocarpine-induced epileptic status rats and to investigate possible mechanisms. Methods： Celecoxib （a COX-2 inhibitor） was administered 45 min prior to pilocarpine administration. The effects of COX-2 inhibitors on mlPSCs （miniature GABAergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents） of CA3 pyramidal cells in the hippocampus were recorded. Expressions of COX-2, c-Fos, newly generated neurons, and activated microgliosis were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, and expressions of c^-subunit of y-amino butyric acid （GABAA） receptors and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase （MAPK/ERK） activity were detected by Western blotting. Results： Pretreatment with celecoxib showed protection against pilocarpine-induced seizures. Celecoxib prevented microglia activation in the hilus and inhibited the abnormal neurogenesis and astrogliosis in the hippocampus by inhibiting MAPK/ERK activity and c-Fos transcription. Celecoxib also up-regulated the expression of GABAA receptors. NS-398 （N-2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl-methanesulfonamide）, another COX-2 inhibitor, enhanced the frequency and decay time of mIPSCs. Conclusion： The COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib decreased neuronal excitability and prevented epileptogenesis in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rats. Celecoxib regulates synaptic reorganization by inhibiting astrogliosis and ectopic neurogenesis by attenuating MAPK/ERK signal activity, mediated by a GABAergic mechanism.

关键词： Epileptogenesis Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Neurogenesis Microglia 3 -amino butyric acid (GABA) c-Fos Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) Spontaneousrecurrent seizure

Gut-liver axis and probiotics: Their role in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第42期20卷 15518-15531页

作者： Giulia Paolella Claudia Mandato Luca Pierri Marco Poeta Martina Di Stasi Pietro Vajro Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Salerno pediatrics of AORN Santobono-Pausilipon ELFID European laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease

The incidence of obesity and its related conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has dramatically increased in all age groups worldwide. Given the health consequences of these conditions, and the subsequent economic burden on healthcare systems, their prevention and treatment have become major priorities. Because standard dietary and lifestyle changes and pathogenically-oriented therapies (e.g., antioxidants, oral hypoglycemic agents, and lipid-lowering agents) often fail due to poor compliance and/or lack of efficacy, novel approaches directed toward other pathomechanisms are needed. Here we present several lines of evidence indicating that, by increasing energy extraction in some dysbiosis conditions or small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, specific gut microbiota and/or a “low bacterial richness” may play a role in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver. Under conditions involving a damaged intestinal barrier (“leaky gut”), the gut-liver axis may enhance the natural interactions between intestinal bacteria/bacterial products and hepatic receptors (e.g., toll-like receptors), thus promoting the following cascade of events: oxidative stress, insulin-resistance, hepatic inflammation, and fibrosis. We also discuss the possible modulation of gut microbiota by probiotics, as attempted in NAFLD animal model studies and in several pilot pediatric and adult human studies. Globally, this approach appears to be a promising and innovative add-on therapeutic tool for NAFLD in the context of multi-target therapy.

关键词： Probiotics Gut-liver axis Intestinal microbiota Barrier function Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth Bacterial translocation Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of norovirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children in Lebanon

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第48期22卷 10557-10565页

作者： Nada M Melhem Hassan Zaraket Khalil Kreidieh Zeinab Ali Moza Hammadi Soha Ghanem Farah Hajar Amjad Haidar Adlette Inati Mariam Rajab Hassan Fakhouri Bassam Ghanem Ghassan Baasiri Ghassan Dbaibo Center for Infectious Diseases Research Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical laboratory Sciences Program Faculty of Health Sciences American University of Beirut Department of Experimental Pathology Immunology and Microbiology American University of Beirut Faculty of Medicine Department of pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Faculty of Medicine American University of Beirut Medical Center Department of pediatrics Nini Hospital Department of pediatrics Makassed General Hospital Department of pediatrics Rafik Hariri University Hospital Department of pediatrics Nabatieh Governmental Hospital Department of pediatrics Hammoud Hospital

AIM To assess the burden of norovirus(No V) and to determine the diversity of circulating strains among hospitalized children in Lebanon. METHODS Stool samples were collected from children presenting with acute gastroenteritis to six major hospitals in Lebanon. A total of 739 eligible stool samples, testing negative for diarrhea caused by rotavirus as a possible viral pathogen, were collected between January 2011 and June 2013. A standardized questionnaire including demographic, epidemiological and clinical observations was used at the time of hospitalization of children presenting with diarrhea. Viral RNA was extracted from stool samples followed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing of a fragment of the viral protein 1 capsid gene. Multiple sequence alignments were carried out and phylogenetic trees were constructed using the MEGA 6 *** Overall, 11.2% of stool samples collected from children aged < 5 years tested positive for No V genogroups Ⅰ(GⅠ) and Ⅱ(GⅡ). GⅡ accounted for 10.6% of the gastroenteritis cases with only five samples being positive for GⅠ(0.7%). The majority of hospitalized children showed symptoms of diarrhea, dehydration, vomiting and fever. Upon sequencing of positive samples and based on their clustering in the phylogenetic tree, 4/5 of GⅠ gastroenteritis cases were designated GⅠ.3 and one case as GⅠ.4. GⅡ.4 was predominantly detected in stool of our study participants(68%). We report a JB-15/KOR/2008 GⅡ.4 Apeldoorn 2008-like variant strain circulating in 2011; this strain was replaced between 2012 and 2013 by a variant sharing homology with the Sydney/NSW0514/2012/AUS GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 and Sydney 2012/FRA GⅡ.4 strains. We also report the co-circulation of non-GⅡ.4 genotypes among hospitalized children. Our data show that No V gastroenteritis can occur throughout the year with the highest number of cases detected during the hot *** The majority of No V-associated viral gastroenteri

关键词： Norovirus Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction Sequencing Norovirus genogroup Ⅰ Norovirus genogroup Ⅱ Lebanon