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Physical rehabilitation for sensorineural hearing loss in childhood:Progress and challenges

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第7期13卷 57-62页

作者： Lu Zhang Pu-Jue Huang Xue Deng Jiao Tang Yang Zhai Tao Wang Department of pediatrics Luzhou Maternal and Child Health HospitalLuzhou 646600Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of pediatrics West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of pediatrics The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi DistrictChengdu 610100Sichuan ProvinceChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University)Chengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of pediatrics Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central HospitalChengdu 610000Sichuan ProvinceChina

Early intervention for sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)in childhood is crucial for auditory and language *** recent years,innovative auditory stimulation techniques and speech therapy strategies,such as middle ear implants,cochlear implants,auditory brainstem implants,and midbrain implants,have provided new avenues for improving patient ***,basic research advancements in cell reprogramming and regeneration,stem cell therapy,and targeted drug delivery offer promising approaches to meet the individualized needs of children with ***,many challenges and unresolved issues remain in the treatment of *** article comments on the case report,which describes a female pediatric patient with SNHL who underwent foot reflexology which led to the normalization of hearing *** is considered to have potential benefits in physical rehabilitation,but its efficacy in hearing restoration requires further scientific validation through rigorous clinical trials and large-scale prospective studies.

关键词： Sensorineural hearing loss Childhood Physical rehabilitation therapy Recent advances in rehabilitation techniques Reflexology

FUBP3 mediates the amyloid-β-induced neuronal NLRP3 expression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2068-2083页

作者： Jing Yao Yuan Li Xi Liu Wenping Liang Yu Li Liyong Wu Zhe Wang Weihong Song The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disease Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of pediatrics The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s HospitalKey Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Oujiang laboratory(Zhejiang laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Visionand Brain Health)WenzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β,which forms extracellular neuritic plaques,and accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau,which aggregates to form intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles,in the *** NLRP3 inflammasome may play a role in the transition from amyloid-βdeposition to tau phosphorylation and *** NLRP3 is primarily found in brain microglia,and tau is predominantly located in neurons,it has been suggested that NLRP3 expressed by microglia indirectly triggers tau phosphorylation by upregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory ***,we found that neurons also express NLRP3 in vitro and in vivo,and that neuronal NLRP3 regulates tau *** biochemical methods,we mapped the minimal NLRP3 promoter and identified FUBP3 as a transcription factor regulating NLRP3 expression in *** primary neurons and the neuroblastoma cell line Neuro2A,FUBP3 is required for endogenous NLRP3 expression and tau phosphorylation only when amyloid-βis *** the brains of aged wild-type mice and a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease,FUBP3 expression was markedly increased in cortical *** analysis suggested that FUBP3 plays a role in neuron-mediated immune *** also found that FUBP3 trimmed the 5′end of DNA fragments that it bound,implying that FUBP3 functions in stress-induced *** findings suggest that neuronal NLRP3 may be more directly involved in the amyloid-β-to–phospho-tau transition than microglial NLRP3,and that amyloid-βfundamentally alters the regulatory mechanism of NLRP3 expression in *** that FUBP3 was only expressed at low levels in young wild-type mice and was strongly upregulated in the brains of aged mice and Alzheimer's disease mice,FUBP3 could be a safe therapeutic target for preventing Alzheimer's disease progression.

关键词： 5′end trimming Alzheimer's disease amyloid-beta amyloid-β-dependent transcription FUBP3 inflammasome inflammation neuron NLRP3 tau transcription factor

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第5期13卷 61-67页

作者： Thakoon Butpech Prakarn Tovichien Department of pediatrics Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok 10700Thailand

Mycoplasma pneumoniae(***)is a common pathogen that causes community-acquired pneumonia in *** clinical presentation of this pathogen can range from mild self-limiting illness to severe and refractory *** may occur,such as necrotizing pneumonia and respiratory *** complications,including encephalitis,myocarditis,nephritis,hepatitis,or even multiple organ failure,can also *** this editorial,we dis-cuss the clinical implications of the significant findings from the article"Serum inflammatory markers in children with *** pneumonia and their predictive value for mycoplasma severity"published by Wang et *** reported that measuring lactic dehydrogenase,interleukin-6 levels,and D-dimer effectively predicts refractory *** pneumonia cases.

关键词： Cytokine Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia Children,Community-acquired pneumonia Lactic dehydrogenase Interleukin-6

Saccharomyces boulardii as a single trigger of food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome: Seven case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第6期13卷 35-40页

作者： Jin-Bok Hwang Hyo-Jeong Jang Department of pediatrics Keimyung University School of MedicineDongsan Medical CenterDaegu 42601South Korea

BACKGROUND Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome(FPIES)is the most serious type of non-immunoglobulin E(IgE)-mediated food allergic reaction manifesting as sepsis-like symptom,which can lead to *** boulardii(***),a probiotic prescribed frequently in clinical settings,has been reported to trigger FPIES in an infant with soy-triggered *** this report,we describe a new clinical FPIES in which *** was the sole triggering factor of acute FPIES adverse reaction in seven healthy *** SUMMARY Seven FPIES cases triggered by only *** were gathered from 2011 to the *** of the patients had previously experienced any allergic reaction to cow’s milk,soy,or complementary *** age of the patients was 4-10-months old,and the symptoms of FPIES developed after ingestion of ***,which is mostly prescribed for the treatment of gastroenteritis or antibiotic-associated *** patients experienced severe repetitive vomiting 1-3 hours after *** *** lethargy,marked pallor,and cyanosis were also *** IgE-mediated hypersensitivity developed in any *** was followed by initial intense vomiting in approximately 5-10 hours after *** ingestion,and only one case showed bloody,purulent,and foul-smelling *** patients stabilized quickly,mostly within 6 *** got all improved within 24 hours after discontinuation of *** *** can be the sole trigger of acute FPIES and be prescribed cautiously even in healthy children without FPIES.

关键词： Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome Food hypersensitivity Saccharomyces boulardii Probiotics Child Case report

Clinical,laboratory,and therapeutic differences between immunoglobulin E-mediated and non-immunoglobulin E-mediated cow’s milk protein allergy in children

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World Journal of Clinical pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 78-92页

作者： Hasan M Isa Marwa J Abdulnabi Nawra S Naser Fatema N Lahmda Noor M AlAnsari Zahra H Isa Afaf M Mohamed Department of pediatrics Salmaniya Medical ComplexManama 26671Bahrain Department of pediatrics Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Faculty of Medicine Mansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egypt Public Health Directorate Ministry of HealthManama 26671Bahrain

BACKGROUND Although breast milk is ideal for newborns,in some cases,it is replaced with cow’s milk,which contains proteins that increase the risk of cow’s milk protein allergy(CMPA).AIM To evaluate CMPA prevalence in Bahrain and compare clinical characteristics of children with immunoglobulin E(IgE)-and non-IgE-mediated *** This retrospective cohort study examined children with CMPA diagnosed at the pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic of the Salmaniya Medical Complex,Bahrain,between 2014 and 2022,and assessed CMPA *** presentations,laboratory findings,dietary modifications,and outcomes were compared between children with IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated *** variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test or Pearson’sχ2 test,whereas continuous variables were compared using Student’s t-test or the Mann-Whitney U *** Of 8332 patients,6022(72.3%)adhered to their *** them,618(10.3%)were suggested of having CMPA and 595(96.3%)were included;CMPA prevalence was 2%.Most patients were Bahraini(93.8%)and males(55.3%).Non-IgE-mediated type accounted for 77.3%cases and IgE-mediated type,22.7%.IgE-mediated CMPA presented more in boys(P=0.030),and later in life(5.1 months±4.5 months vs 4.2 months±4.2 months,P=0.016,95%CI:0.08-1.73),had more associated diseases(P<0.001);and presented with more cutaneous(P=0.024)and respiratory(P=0.003)manifestations,severe symptoms[rash/dry skin(P=0.031),facial swelling/angioedema(P=0.003),failure to thrive(P=0.013),apparent life-threatening event(P<0.001)],and positive physical findings(P=0.002)than non-IgE-mediated *** patients were exclusively fed cow milk formula(50.3%).The amino acid-based formula(AAF)was most prescribed(60.5%)with no difference between the two types(P=0.173).Although breastfeeding was recommended to 49.6%,only 8.2%were exclusively ***-mediated CMPA was associated with a longer follow-up duration than non-IgE-mediated CMPA(17.3 months±14.0 mo

关键词： Children Milk allergy Immunoglobulin E Breastfeeding Infant formula Bahrain

Drosophila models used to simulate human ATP1A1 gene mutations that cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2 disease and refractory seizures

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 265-276页

作者： Yao Yuan Lingqi Yu Xudong Zhuang Dongjing Wen Jin He Jingmei Hong Jiayu Xie Shengan Ling Xiaoyue Du Wenfeng Chen Xinrui Wang Institute of Life Sciences College of Biological Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina NHC Key laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate(Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital) FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Medical Research Center Fujian Maternity and Child Health HospitalCollege of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics&Gynecology and PediatricsFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology of The First Affiliated Hospital Institute of Neuroscienceand Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular NeurologyFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Certain amino acids changes in the human Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase pump,ATPase Na^(+)/K^(+)transporting subunit alpha 1(ATP1A1),cause Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2(CMT2)disease and refractory *** develop in vivo models to study the role of Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase in these diseases,we modified the Drosophila gene homolog,Atpα,to mimic the human ATP1A1 gene mutations that cause *** located within the helical linker region of human ATP1A1(I592T,A597T,P600T,and D601F)were simultaneously introduced into endogenous Drosophila Atpαby CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing,generating the Atpα^(TTTF)*** addition,the same strategy was used to generate the corresponding single point mutations in flies(Atpα^(I571T),Atpα^(A576T),Atpα^(P579T),and Atpα^(D580F)).Moreover,a deletion mutation(Atpα^(mut))that causes premature termination of translation was generated as a positive *** these alleles,we found two that could be maintained as homozygotes(Atpα^(I571T)and Atpα^(P579T)).Three alleles(Atpα^(A576T),Atpα^(P579)and Atpα^(D580F))can form heterozygotes with the Atpαmut *** found that the Atpαallele carrying these CMT2-associated mutations showed differential phenotypes in *** heterozygous for Atpα^(TTTF)mutations have motor performance defects,a reduced lifespan,seizures,and an abnormal neuronal *** Drosophila models will provide a new platform for studying the function and regulation of the sodium-potassium pump.

关键词： ATP1A1 Atpα bang-sensitive paralysis Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 CRISPR/Cas9 homology-directed repair Na^(+)/K^(+)-ATPase point mutation seizures sodium pump

Congenital anomalies of coronary artery misdiagnosed as coronary dilatations in Kawasaki disease:A clinical predicament

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World Journal of Clinical pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 93-100页

作者： Rakesh Kumar Pilania Pallavi L Nadig Suprit Basu Reva Tyagi Abarna Thangaraj Ridhima Aggarwal Munish Arora Arun Sharma Surjit Singh Manphool Singhal Pediatric Allergy Immunology Unit Department of PediatricsAdvanced Pediatrics CenterPost Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012ChandīgarhIndia Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012ChandīgarhIndia

BACKGROUND 2D-echocardiography(2DE)has been the primary imaging modality in children with Kawasaki disease(KD)to assess coronary *** To report the presence and implications of incidental congenital coronary artery anomalies that had been misinterpreted as coronary artery abnormalities(CAAs)on *** Records of children diagnosed with KD,who underwent computed tomography coronary angiography(CTCA)at our center between 2013-2023 were *** identified 3 children with congenital coronary artery anomalies in this cohort on *** of CTCA and 2DE were compared in these 3 *** Of the 241 patients with KD who underwent CTCA,3(1.24%)had congenital coronary artery anomalies on CTCA detected *** all 3 patients,baseline 2DE had identified *** was then performed for detailed evaluation as per our unit ***(11-year-boy)amongst the 3 patients had complete KD,while the other two(3.3-year-boy;4-month-girl)had incomplete *** revealed separate origins of left anterior descending artery and left circumflex from left sinus[misinterpreted as dilated left main coronary artery(LCA)on 2DE],single coronary artery(interpreted as dilated LCA on 2DE)and dilated right coronary artery on 2DE in case of anomalous origin of LCA from the main pulmonary *** latter one was subsequently operated *** CTCA is essential for detailed assessment of coronary arteries in children with KD especially in cases where there is suspicion of congenital coronary artery *** solely on 2DE may not be sufficient in such cases,and findings from CTCA can significantly impact therapeutic decision-making.

关键词： Coronary artery abnormalities Congenital coronary artery anomalies Computed tomography coronary angiography Kawasaki disease 2-dimensional echocardiography

Renal glucosuria in children

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World Journal of Clinical pediatrics 2025年第1期14卷 46-54页

作者： Meral Torun Bayram Salih Kavukcu Division of Nephrology Department of PediatricsDokuz Eylül UniversitySchool of MedicineInciralti-Balcova 35340IzmirTürkiye

The kidneys play a critical role in maintaining glucose *** normal renal tubular function,most of the glucose filtered from the glomeruli is re-absorbed in the proximal tubules,leaving only trace amounts in the *** can occur as a symptom of generalized proximal tubular dysfunction or when the reabsorption threshold is exceeded or the glucose threshold is reduced,as seen in familial renal glycosuria(FRG).FRG is characterized by persistent glycosuria despite normal blood glucose levels and tubular function and is primarily associated with mutations in the sodium/glucose cotransporter 5A2 gene,which encodes the sodium-glucose cotransporter(SGLT)*** SGLTs has been proposed as a novel treatment strategy for diabetes,and since FRG is often considered an asymptomatic and benign condition,it has inspired preclinical and clinical studies using SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 ***,patients with FRG may exhibit clinical features such as lower body weight or height,altered systemic blood pressure,diaper dermatitis,amino-aciduria,decreased serum uric acid levels,and *** research is needed to fully understand the pathophysiology,molecular genetics,and clinical manifestations of renal glucosuria.

关键词： Sodium-glucose cotransporters Basolateral glucose transporters Familial renal glucosuria Intestinal glucose-galactose malabsorption Fanconi-Bickel syndrome Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors

Aberrant control of NF-κB in cancer permits transcriptional and phenotypic plasticity,to curtail dependence on host tissue:molecular mode

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第3期14卷 254-270页

作者： Spiros A.Vlahopoulos The First Department of pediatrics University of AthensHoremeio Research LaboratoryAthens 11527Greece

The role of the transcription factor NF-κB in shaping the cancer microenvironment is becoming increasingly clear. Inflammation alters the activity of enzymes that modulate NF-κB function, and causes extensive changes in genomic chromatin that ultimately drastically alter cell-specific gene expression. NF-κB regulates the expression of cytokines and adhesion factors that control interactions among adjacent cells. As such, NF-κB fine tunes tissue cellular composition, as well as tissues' interactions with the immune system. Therefore, NF-κB changes the cell response to hormones and to contact with neighboring cells. Activating NF-κB confers transcriptional and phenotypic plasticity to a cell and thereby enables profound local changes in tissue function and composition. Research suggests that the regulation of NF-κB target genes is specifically altered in cancer. Such alterations occur not only due to mutations of NF-κB regulatory proteins, but also because of changes in the activity of specific proteostatic modules and metabolic pathways. This article describes the molecular mode of NF-κB regulation with a few characteristic examples of target genes.

关键词： Cytokine mucin chemokine IL-8/CXCL8 MUC1 NF-κB IL-6 TNFα